verb
hilaskomō
Strong’sG2433
I have mercy on, forgive
stem hilask-2 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books2 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
ἱλάσκομαι
(< ἵλαος = ἵλεως), [in LXX (cf. Westc., Epp. Jo., 85 f.) for סלח, IV Ki 5:18 24:4, Ps 24(25):11, La 3:42, Da TH 9:19; כּפר pi., Ps 64(65):3 77(78):38 78(79):9; נחם ni., Ex 32:14, Es 4:17*;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2433 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidhil-as'-kom-ahee
to conciliate, i.e. (transitively) to atone for (sin), or (intransitively) be propitious
Frommiddle voice from the same as G2436;
King Jamesbe merciful, make reconciliation for.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
future ἱλάσομαι [ᾰ] Refs 5th c.BC+ Oracle texts cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+ also ἱλάξομαι Refs 3rd c.BC+aorist 1 ἱλᾰσάμην, Epic dialect participle ἱλασσάμενοι Refs 8th c.BC+, Epic dialect subjunctive 2nd pers. singular ἱλάσσεαι Refs, -ηαι Refs 3rd c.BC+; infinitive ἱλάσσασθαι Refs 3rd c.BC+ —passive (see. below Refs. [ῑ regularly (written ι, not ει, Refs 4th c.BC+; ῐ Refs 8th c.BC+: (ἵλαος):—appease, in Refs 8th c.BC+; σπονδῇσι θύεσσί τε ἱλάσκεσθαι (i.e. θεούς) Refs 8th c.BC+; with participle, ἱλάσκομαι πέμπων by presenting, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦτον (i.e. θεὸν) ἱλάσκου ποῶν μηδὲν ἄτοπον Refs 4th c.BC+; of the dead as heroized, θυσίῃσί τινα ἱ. Refs 5th c.BC+
2 of men, conciliate, ἱ. τινὰ χρήμασι Refs; πῶς ἱλασόμεθα καὶ τίνι λόγ; Refs 5th c.BC+
3 expiate, τὰς ἁμαρτίας NT
II passive with future ἱλάσομαι, also ἱλασθής ομαι variant in LXXaorist 1 ἱλάσθηνLXX:—to be merciful, gracious, τινι [same places]; ἱλάσθητί μοι τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ LXX+NTinfinitive, ἱλάσθη κύριος περιποιῆσαι τὸν λαόνLXX
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| hilaskisarἱλάσθητί | happened · youaorist passive imperative 2nd person singular | merciful | 1× |
| hilaskorōἱλάσκεσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive | make atonement | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hilaskomō | hilaskome | hilaskomē | hilaskomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | hilaskosō | hilaskose | hilaskosē | hilaskoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hilaskotō | hilaskote | hilaskotē | hilaskotelē |
| we 1st person plural | hilaskonō | hilaskone | hilaskonē | hilaskonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | hilaskovō | hilaskove | hilaskovē | hilaskovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | hilaskolō | hilaskole | hilaskolē | hilaskolelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hilaskimi | hilaskima |
| you 2nd person singular | hilaskisi | hilaskisa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hilaskiti | hilaskita |
| we 1st person plural | hilaskini | hilaskina |
| ye 2nd person plural | hilaskivi | hilaskiva |
| they 3rd person plural | hilaskili | hilaskila |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hilaskomeiō | hilaskomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | hilaskoseiō | hilaskoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hilaskoteiō | hilaskoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | hilaskoneiō | hilaskoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | hilaskoveiō | hilaskoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | hilaskoleiō | hilaskoleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hilaskimeia |
| you 2nd person singular | hilaskiseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hilaskiteia |
| we 1st person plural | hilaskineia |
| ye 2nd person plural | hilaskiveia |
| they 3rd person plural | hilaskileia |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | hilaskosōr | hilaskosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hilaskotōr | hilaskotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | hilaskovōr | hilaskovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | hilaskolōr | hilaskolēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | hilaskisar1×ἱλάσθητί |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hilaskitar |
| ye 2nd person plural | hilaskivar |
| they 3rd person plural | hilaskilar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hilaskomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | hilaskosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hilaskotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | hilaskonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | hilaskovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | hilaskoloiō |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hilaskimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | hilaskisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hilaskitoia |
| we 1st person plural | hilaskinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | hilaskivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | hilaskiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | hilaskorō1×ἱλάσκεσθαι | hilaskorē | ||
| acted on passive voice | hilaskiri | hilaskira |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | hilaskorōntos | hilaskorēntos | ||
| acted on passive voice | hilaskirintos | hilaskirantos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
hilask is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
2 occurrences, every one of them listed
hilaskisar“merciful”happened · youaorist passive imperative 2nd person singular1×
Luke 18:13“merciful”… tem stēthem autou legarōntos; Tos theor, hilaskisar mi to hamartōlo.… he beat his breast and said, ‘God, have mercy on me, a sinner!’
hilaskorō“make atonement”happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive1×
Hebrews 2:17… teim pros ton theon, eis tem hilaskorō tain hamartain tou laou;… service to God, in order to make atonement for the sins of the people.