verb
sainomō
Strong’sG4525
I move, disturb
stem sain-once in the New Testament1 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
* σαίνω
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4525 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidsah'-ee-no
to wag (as a dog its tail fawningly), i.e. (generally) to shake (figuratively, disturb)
Fromakin to G4579;
King Jamesmove.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Refs 8th c.BC+: Epic dialect imperfect σαῖνον Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἔσηνα Refs; Doric dialect ἔσᾱνα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 4th c.BC+:—properly of dogs, wag the tail, fawn, ὅτ᾽ ἂν ἀμφὶ ἄνακτα κύνες.. σαίνωσι Refs 8th c.BC+, of the dog Argus, Refs 8th c.BC+ wagged his tail, Hemsterhuis, compare Refs 4th c.BC+
II metaphorically of persons, fawn, cringe, ὑδαρεῖ σ. φιλότητι Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. ποτὶ ἀγγελίαν greet it with joy, Refs
III with accusative person, fawn upon, κέρκῳ τινά Refs 5th c.BC+; so of fishes, σαίνοντες οὐραίοισι τὴν κεκτημένην Refs 5th c.BC+
III.2 fawn on, pay court to, greet, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. μόρον cringe to it, seek to avert it, Refs 4th c.BC+; παιδός με σαίνει φθόγγος greets me, Refs 5th c.BC+; φαιδρὰ γοῦν ἀπ᾽ ὀμμάτων σαίνει με greets me gladly from her eyes, Refs
III.3 gladden, especially with hope or conviction, ἐλπίδι κέαρ Refs 5th c.BC+; so σ. τὴν ὑπόσχεσιν receive it with marks of gladness, Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, σαίνομαι δ᾽ ὑπ᾽ ἐλπίδος Refs 4th c.BC+
III.4 beguile, cozen, deceive, ἡ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἐν σκότῳ λήθουσά με ἔσαιν᾽ Ἐρινύς Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. μ᾽ ἔννυχος φρυκτωρία seeks to deceive me, Refs 5th c.BC+
III.5 in NT seems to mean to be shaken, disturbed; σαινόμενοι τοῖς λεγομένοις ἐδάκρυον Refs 3rd c.AD+; σαίνεται· κινεῖται, σαλεύεται, ταράττεται, Refs 5th c.AD+; but compare σιαίνω.
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| sainorōσαίνεσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive | shaken | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 54, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sainomō | sainome | sainomē | sainomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | sainosō | sainose | sainosē | sainoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sainotō | sainote | sainotē | sainotelē |
| we 1st person plural | sainonō | sainone | sainonē | sainonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sainovō | sainove | sainovē | sainovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | sainolō | sainole | sainolē | sainolelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sainomeiō | sainomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | sainoseiō | sainoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sainoteiō | sainoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | sainoneiō | sainoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sainoveiō | sainoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | sainoleiō | sainoleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | sainosōr | sainosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sainotōr | sainotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | sainovōr | sainovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | sainolōr | sainolēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sainomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | sainosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sainotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | sainonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | sainovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | sainoloiō |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | sainorō1×σαίνεσθαι | sainorē |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | sainorōntos | sainorēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
sain is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
1 occurrence, every one of them listed
sainorō“shaken”happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive1×
1 Thessalonians 3:3tem mēdenon sainorō en tai thlipsiai houtai. autois gar …… that none of you would be shaken by these trials. For you know …