aretas

Strong’sG703

virtue, moral excellence, perfection

stem aret-5 times in the New Testamentin 3 of 27 books4 of 10 forms occur

What it means

What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.

ἀρετή, -ῆς, ἡ,

[in LXX, in sing.: Hb 3:3, Za 6:13 (הוֹד), in pl.: Is 42:8, 12 43:21 63:7 (תְּהִלָּה), Es 14:10, Wi 4:1 5:13 8:7, II-IV Mac22*;]

prop., whatever procures pre-eminent estimation for a person or thing, in Hom. any kind of conspicuous advantage. Later confined by philos. writers to intrinsic eminence—moral goodness, virtue;

(a) of God: II Pe 1:3;

(b) of men: Phl 4:8, II Pe 1:5; pl. (Is 42:8, 12 43:21 63:7, Es 14:10), excellencies: I Pe 2:9 (the usage appears to be a survival of an early comprehensive sense in which the original idea is blended with the impression which it makes on others, i.e. praise, renown; v. Hort, I Pe., 129. Deiss., BS, 95 f., thinks it means manifestations of divine power, as in current Gk. speech; cf. also MM, s.v.)†

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.

Strong’s G703 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from

Saidar-et'-ay

properly, manliness (valor), i.e. excellence (intrinsic or attributed)

Fromfrom the same as G730;

King Jamespraise, virtue.

James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.

Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in

ἀρετή [ᾰ], ἡ,
goodness, excellence, of any kind, in Refs 8th c.BC+ especially of manly qualities, ποδῶν ἀρετὴν ἀναφαίνωνRefs 8th c.BC+; so of the gods, τῶν περ καὶ μείζων ἀ. τιμή τε βίη τεRefs; also of women, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀ. εἵνεκα for valour, Refs 5th c.BC+ displayed brave deeds, Refs
b later, of the gods, chiefly in plural, glorious deeds, wonders, miracles, NT+1st c.BC+: also in singular, ὄψιν ἰδοῦσα ἀρετὴν τῆς θεοῦRefs 3rd c.BC+
2 generally, excellence, ἡ ἀ. τελείωσίς τιςRefs 4th c.BC+; of persons, ἄνδρα πὺξ ἀρετὰν εὑρόνταRefs 5th c.BC+: in plural, forms of excellence, μυρίαι ἀνδρῶν ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; especially moral virtue, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to κακία, Refs 5th c.BC+; good nature, kindness, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+
2.b of animals, things, as land, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἐν ἀρετῇ κειμένη γῆ productive land, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἵππουRefs 5th c.BC+; κυνῶν, ἵππων, Refs 5th c.BC+; [ἀστακοῦ] Refs 5th c.BC+
3 prosperity, Refs 8th c.BC+
II ἀ. εἴς τινα active merit, good service done him, ἐς τοὺς ἝλληναςRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀρετῆς ἕνεκα, frequently in honorary Inscrr., Refs
III reward of excellence, distinction, fame, πλούτῳ δ᾽ ἀρετὴ καὶ κῦδος ὀπηδεῖRefs 8th c.BC+; of God, δόξα καὶ ἀ.NT: in plural, glories, LXX+6th c.BC+ frequently of the praises of God, Refs 4th c.BC+
IV Ἀρετή personified, Refs 5th c.BC+
V ἡ ἀ. σου as a title, Your worship, Refs
VI an engine of war, Refs 2nd c.BC+
VII a plaster, Refs 1st c.AD+

H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.

Translated as

Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.

goodness3×excellence1×praises1×

Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.

Biblang forms

Every form this word takes in Biblang, with the Greek it corresponds to and how often the New Testament uses it.

Job in the sentence case	one singular	more than one plural
subject nominative	aretas1×ἀρετὴ	aretais
object accusative	aretan1×ἀρετήν	aretain1×ἀρετὰς
direct address vocative	aretar	aretair
of, belonging to genitive	aretau	aretaiu
to, for dative	areta2×ἀρετῇ	aretai

Tinted cells are forms the New Testament never uses, so there is no Greek to show against them — but they are still correct Biblang, built from the slots below like any other.

Why these forms, and no others — the slots that make them

aretstem+agender+snru—its job in the sentence case+—ione · more than one number

areta is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.

same in every form varies — every value shown

Where it appears

Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.

5 occurrences, every one of them listed

aretas“excellence”subjectnominative singular1×

Philippians 4:8“excellence”… hoseim prosfileim, hoseim eufēmeim, ei tinas aretas kai ei tinos epainos, houteim logizovōr;… is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable — if anything is excellent or praiseworthy — think on these things.

aretan“goodness”objectaccusative singular1×

2 Peter 1:5“goodness”… epichorēgavar en ta pistia vu tan aretan, en de ta areta tan gnōsian,… to add to your faith virtue; and to virtue, knowledge;

areta“goodness”to, fordative singular2×

2 Peter 1:3“goodness”… tou kalarantou nin idia doxa kai areta,… knowledge of Him who called us by His own glory and excellence.

2 Peter 1:5“goodness”… vu tan aretan, en de ta areta tan gnōsian,… add to your faith virtue; and to virtue, knowledge;

aretain“praises”objectaccusative plural1×

1 Peter 2:9“praises”… hagiem, laos eis peripoiēsian, hopōs tain aretain exangelaveia tou ek skoteu vin kalarantou …… priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession, to proclaim the virtues of Him who called you out of darkness into His …