Biblangbeta

verb

foneuamō

Greekφονεύω (foneuō)

Strong’sG5407

I murder

stem foneu-12 times in the New Testamentin 5 of 27 books7 forms occur

Translated as

murdermurderedmurders

What it means

φονεύω

(< φονεύς), [in LXX chiefly for רָצַח;]

to kill, murder. absol., Mt 5:21, Ja 4:2; μὴ (οὐ) φονεύσῃς (-εις), Mt 5:21 19:18, Mk 10:19, Lk 18:20, Ro 13:9, Ja 2:11 (all from Ex 20:13, 14); c. acc., Mt 23:31, 35, Ja 5:6.†

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.

Strong’s G5407 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from

Saidfon-yoo'-o

to be a murderer (of)

Fromfrom G5406;

King Jameskill, do murder, slay.

James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.

Forms in the New Testament

Form and the Greek behind itWhat it isUsuallyTimes
foneuasōφονεύειςhappening now · youpresent active indicative 2nd person singularmurder
foneuavōφονεύετεhappening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person pluralmurder
foneuasiφονεύσειςwill happen · youfuture active indicative 2nd person singularmurder
foneuavaἐφονεύσατεhappened · yeaorist active indicative 2nd person pluralmurdered
foneuaseiaφονεύσῃςhappened · youaorist active subjunctive 2nd person singularmurder
foneuateiaφονεύσῃhappened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singularmurders
foneuaratoiuφονευσάντωνhappened · of, belonging toaorist active participle genitive plural masculinemurdered

Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.

Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 7 occurrences
Who personhappening now presentwas happening imperfectwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfecthad happened pluperfect
I 1st person singularfoneuamōfoneuamefoneuamifoneuamafoneuamēfoneuamelē
you 2nd person singularfoneuasōφονεύειςfoneuasefoneuasiφονεύσειςfoneuasafoneuasēfoneuaselē
he/she/it 3rd person singularfoneuatōfoneuatefoneuatifoneuatafoneuatēfoneuatelē
we 1st person pluralfoneuanōfoneuanefoneuanifoneuanafoneuanēfoneuanelē
ye 2nd person pluralfoneuavōφονεύετεfoneuavefoneuavifoneuavaἐφονεύσατεfoneuavēfoneuavelē
they 3rd person pluralfoneualōfoneualefoneualifoneualafoneualēfoneualelē
May, might — subjunctive mood, 4 occurrences
Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
I 1st person singularfoneuameiōfoneuameiafoneuameiē
you 2nd person singularfoneuaseiōfoneuaseiaφονεύσῃςfoneuaseiē
he/she/it 3rd person singularfoneuateiōfoneuateiaφονεύσῃfoneuateiē
we 1st person pluralfoneuaneiōfoneuaneiafoneuaneiē
ye 2nd person pluralfoneuaveiōfoneuaveiafoneuaveiē
they 3rd person pluralfoneualeiōfoneualeiafoneualeiē
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
you 2nd person singularfoneuasōrfoneuasarfoneuasēr
he/she/it 3rd person singularfoneuatōrfoneuatarfoneuatēr
ye 2nd person pluralfoneuavōrfoneuavarfoneuavēr
they 3rd person pluralfoneualōrfoneualarfoneualēr
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
Who personhappening now presenthappened aorist
I 1st person singularfoneuamoiōfoneuamoia
you 2nd person singularfoneuasoiōfoneuasoia
he/she/it 3rd person singularfoneuatoiōfoneuatoia
we 1st person pluralfoneuanoiōfoneuanoia
ye 2nd person pluralfoneuavoiōfoneuavoia
they 3rd person pluralfoneualoiōfoneualoia
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
the subject acts active voicefoneuarōfoneuarifoneuarafoneuarē
Used as an adjective — participle, 1 occurrence
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
the subject acts active voicefoneuarōtosfoneuaritosfoneuaratosfoneuarētos

Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.

How every form is built — the slots that make them
foneustem+aeiwho is acting voice+mstnvlwho person+eiroistatement, command, wish mood+ōeiaēelēwhen tense+tthen it declines+ogender+sits job in the sentence case

foneu is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.

same in every form varies — every value shown

Words built on the same stem

foneuos — φονεύς, a murderer

Where it appears

12 occurrences, every one of them listed

foneuasō“murder”happening now · youpresent active indicative 2nd person singular

James 2:11“murder”tos gar legaratos Mē moicheuaseia legata kai Mē foneuaseia; ei de ouk moicheuasō foneuasō de, ginasē parabatos nomou.For He who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery, but do commit murder, you have become a lawbreaker.

foneuavō“murder”happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural

James 4:2“murder”epithumavō, kai ouk echavō; foneuavō kai zēlavō, kai ouk dunevō epitunchanara; machevō kai polemavō. ouk echavō dia tem mē aiterō vin;You crave what you do not have; you kill and covet, but are unable to obtain it. You quarrel and fight. You do not have, because you do not ask.

foneuasi“murder”will happen · youfuture active indicative 2nd person singular

Matthew 5:21“murder”Akouava hoti legita toi archaioi; Ouk foneuasi; hos de an foneuateia, enochos eti ta krisia.You have heard that it was said to the ancients, ‘Do not murder’ and ‘Anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’

Matthew 19:18“murder”legatō auto; Poiain? tos de Iēsus legata; Tem Ouk foneuasi, Ouk moicheuasi, Ouk kleptasi, Ouk pseudomarturasi,“Which ones?” the man asked. Jesus answered, “‘Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not bear false witness,

Romans 13:9“murder”tem gar; Ouk moicheuasi, Ouk foneuasi, Ouk kleptasi, Ouk epithumasi, kai ei tinas heteras entolas, en to logo houto anakefalaiitō, en to; Agapasi ton plēsion su hōs siauton.The commandments “Do not commit adultery,” “Do not murder,” “Do not steal,” “Do not covet,” and any other commandments, are summed up in this one decree: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”

foneuava“murdered”happened · yeaorist active indicative 2nd person plural

Matthew 23:35“murdered”hopōs erchateia epi vin pantem haimem dikaiem ekchirōtem epi tau gēau apo teu haimeu Habel tou dikaiou heōs teu haimeu Zachariou huiou Barachiou, hon foneuava metaxu tou naou kai teu thusiastērieu.And so upon you will come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah son of Berechiah, whom you murdered between the temple and the altar.

James 5:6“murdered”katadikazava, foneuava ton dikaion. ouk antitassetō vi?You have condemned and murdered the righteous, who did not resist you.

foneuaseia“murder”happened · youaorist active subjunctive 2nd person singular

Mark 10:19“murder”tain entolain oidasē; Mē foneuaseia, Mē moicheuaseia, Mē kleptaseia, Mē pseudomarturaseia, Mē aposteraseia, Timasōr ton patēron su kai tan mētēran.You know the commandments: ‘Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not bear false witness, do not cheat others, honor your father and mother.’”

Luke 18:20“murder”tain entolain oidasē; Mē moicheuaseia, Mē foneuaseia, Mē kleptaseia, Mē pseudomarturaseia, Timasōr ton patēron su kai tan mētēran.You know the commandments: ‘Do not commit adultery, do not murder, do not steal, do not bear false witness, honor your father and mother.’”

James 2:11“murder”tos gar legaratos Mē moicheuaseia legata kai Mē foneuaseia; ei de ouk moicheuasō foneuasō de, ginasē parabatos nomou.For He who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery, but do commit murder, you have become a lawbreaker.

foneuateia“murders”happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular

Matthew 5:21“murders”Akouava hoti legita toi archaioi; Ouk foneuasi; hos de an foneuateia, enochos eti ta krisia.You have heard that it was said to the ancients, ‘Do not murder’ and ‘Anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’

foneuaratoiu“murdered”happened · of, belonging toaorist active participle genitive plural masculine

Matthew 23:31“murdered”hōste marturavō heautoi hoti huiois avō toiu foneuaratoiu toin profētoin.So you testify against yourselves that you are the sons of those who murdered the prophets.