verb
gumnazimō
Greekγυμνάζω (gumnazō)
Strong’sG1128
I train by physical exercise
stem gumnaz-4 times in the New Testamentin 3 of 27 books4 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
** γυμνάζω
(< γυμνός), [in LXX: II Mac 10:15 *;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G1128 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidgoom-nad'-zo
to practise naked (in the games), i.e. train (figuratively)
Fromfrom G1131;
King Jamesexercise.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| gumnazasōrγύμναζε | happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular | train | 1× |
| gumnazirētanγεγυμνασμένην | has happened · objectperfect passive participle accusative singular feminine | trained | 1× |
| gumnazirēteimγεγυμνασμένα | has happened · objectperfect passive participle direct plural neuter | trained | 1× |
| gumnazirētoiγεγυμνασμένοις | has happened · to, forperfect passive participle dative plural masculine | trained | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | gumnazamō | gumnazame | gumnazami | gumnazama | gumnazamē | gumnazamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | gumnazasō | gumnazase | gumnazasi | gumnazasa | gumnazasē | gumnazaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | gumnazatō | gumnazate | gumnazati | gumnazata | gumnazatē | gumnazatelē |
| we 1st person plural | gumnazanō | gumnazane | gumnazani | gumnazana | gumnazanē | gumnazanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | gumnazavō | gumnazave | gumnazavi | gumnazava | gumnazavē | gumnazavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | gumnazalō | gumnazale | gumnazali | gumnazala | gumnazalē | gumnazalelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | gumnazimō | gumnazime | gumnazimi | gumnazima | gumnazimē | gumnazimelē |
| you 2nd person singular | gumnazisō | gumnazise | gumnazisi | gumnazisa | gumnazisē | gumnaziselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | gumnazitō | gumnazite | gumnaziti | gumnazita | gumnazitē | gumnazitelē |
| we 1st person plural | gumnazinō | gumnazine | gumnazini | gumnazina | gumnazinē | gumnazinelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | gumnazivō | gumnazive | gumnazivi | gumnaziva | gumnazivē | gumnazivelē |
| they 3rd person plural | gumnazilō | gumnazile | gumnazili | gumnazila | gumnazilē | gumnazilelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | gumnazameiō | gumnazameia | gumnazameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | gumnazaseiō | gumnazaseia | gumnazaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | gumnazateiō | gumnazateia | gumnazateiē |
| we 1st person plural | gumnazaneiō | gumnazaneia | gumnazaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | gumnazaveiō | gumnazaveia | gumnazaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | gumnazaleiō | gumnazaleia | gumnazaleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | gumnazimeiō | gumnazimeia | gumnazimeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | gumnaziseiō | gumnaziseia | gumnaziseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | gumnaziteiō | gumnaziteia | gumnaziteiē |
| we 1st person plural | gumnazineiō | gumnazineia | gumnazineiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | gumnaziveiō | gumnaziveia | gumnaziveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | gumnazileiō | gumnazileia | gumnazileiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | gumnazasōr1×γύμναζε | gumnazasar | gumnazasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | gumnazatōr | gumnazatar | gumnazatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | gumnazavōr | gumnazavar | gumnazavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | gumnazalōr | gumnazalar | gumnazalēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | gumnazisōr | gumnazisar | gumnazisēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | gumnazitōr | gumnazitar | gumnazitēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | gumnazivōr | gumnazivar | gumnazivēr |
| they 3rd person plural | gumnazilōr | gumnazilar | gumnazilēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | gumnazamoiō | gumnazamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | gumnazasoiō | gumnazasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | gumnazatoiō | gumnazatoia |
| we 1st person plural | gumnazanoiō | gumnazanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | gumnazavoiō | gumnazavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | gumnazaloiō | gumnazaloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | gumnazimoiō | gumnazimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | gumnazisoiō | gumnazisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | gumnazitoiō | gumnazitoia |
| we 1st person plural | gumnazinoiō | gumnazinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | gumnazivoiō | gumnazivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | gumnaziloiō | gumnaziloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | gumnazarō | gumnazari | gumnazara | gumnazarē |
| acted on passive voice | gumnazirō | gumnaziri | gumnazira | gumnazirē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 3 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | gumnazarōtos | gumnazaritos | gumnazaratos | gumnazarētos |
| acted on passive voice | gumnazirōtos | gumnaziritos | gumnaziratos | gumnazirētos3× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
gumnaz is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
4 occurrences, every one of them listed
gumnazasōr“train”happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular1×
1 Timothy 4:7“train”toin de bebēloin kai graōdoin muthoin paraitesōr. gumnazasōr de siauton pros eusebeian;But reject irreverent, silly myths. Instead, train yourself for godliness.
gumnazirētan“trained”has happened · objectperfect passive participle accusative singular feminine1×
2 Peter 2:14“trained”ofthalmoin echarōtois mestoin moichaliau kai akatapaustoin hamartau, deleazarōtois psuchain astēriktain, kardian gumnazirētan pleonexiau echarōtois, katarau tekneim,Their eyes are full of adultery; their desire for sin is never satisfied; they seduce the unstable. They are accursed children with hearts trained in greed.
gumnazirēteim“trained”has happened · objectperfect passive participle direct plural neuter1×
Hebrews 5:14“trained”teleioiu de atō tas stereas trofēas, toiu dia tan hexian teim aisthētērieim gumnazirēteim echarōtoiu pros diakrisian kaleu tē kai kakeu.But solid food is for the mature, who by constant use have trained their senses to distinguish good from evil.
gumnazirētoi“trained”has happened · to, forperfect passive participle dative plural masculine1×
Hebrews 12:11“trained”pantas de paideias pros men tem pareiarōtem ouk dokatō charau arō alla lupau, husterem de karpon eirēnikon toi dia autau gumnazirētoi apodōatō dikaiosunau.No discipline seems enjoyable at the time, but painful. Later on, however, it yields a harvest of righteousness and peace to those who have been trained by it.