verb
hēttomō
Strong’sG2274
I am defeated, made inferior
stem hētt-3 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books3 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
ἡττάω, -ῶ
(ἡσσ-, II Co 12:13, v.s. ἥσσων), [in LXX for חתת, etc.;] pass.,
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2274 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidhayt-tah'-o
to make worse, i.e. vanquish (literally or figuratively); by implication, to rate lower
Fromfrom the same as G2276;
King Jamesbe inferior, overcome.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Attic dialect ἡττ-, Refs 5th c.BC+: future ἡσσηθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+future middle ἡττήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἡσσήθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἥσσημαι Refs 5th c.BC+: pluperfect ἥττητο Refs 4th c.BC+: Ionic dialect ἑσσόομαι, participle ἑσσούμενος Refs 5th c.BC+imperfect ἑσσοῦτο (without augment) Refs: aorist ἑσσώθην Refs: perfect ἕσσωμαι Refs 3rd c.BC+: (ἥσσων):—to be less or weaker than, inferior to, with genitive person, Refs 5th c.BC+: with genitive person et participle, ἡττᾶσθαί τινος εὖ ποιοῦντος Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.: with genitive of things, τὸ μὴ δίκαιον τῆς δίκης -ώμενον Refs 5th c.BC+ adjective in accusative, ὃ ἡττῷτο wherein he had proved inferior, Refs 5th c.BC+
2 as a real passive, to be defeated, discomfited, ὑπό τινος Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπ᾽ ἔρωτος, ὑπ᾽ ἔχθρας, Refs 5th c.BC+ to be broken in spirit, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν γνώμην αὐτῶν οὐχ ἡσσῆσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+
3 as law-term, to be cast in a suit, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίκην, παραγραφήν, Refs 5th c.BC+
4 give way, yield, with genitive person, οἱ φύσαντες ἡσσῶνται τέκνων Refs 5th c.BC+; give way, be a slave to passion and the like, νηδύος ἡσσημένος Refs 5th c.BC+; [χρημάτων] Refs 5th c.BC+: with genitive person, to be in love with.. , Refs 1st c.AD+; of other things, ἡττ. τοῦ ὕδατος Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ δικαίουRefs 4th c.BC+
5 with dative, to be overcome by.. , ἀκοῆς ἡδονῇ ἡσσώμενοι Refs 5th c.BC+
II later in active ἡττάω, overcome, τινα Refs 1st c.AD+: aorist 1 ἥττησα, τὰς ψυχὰς τῶν ὑπεναντίων Refs 2nd c.BC+; defeat, τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους ἀπὸ κράτους ἡττηκότες Refs 1st c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| hēttivaἡσσώθητε | happened · yeaorist passive indicative 2nd person plural | inferior | 1× |
| hēttotēἥττηται | has happened · he/she/itperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular | overcome | 1× |
| hēttolēἡττῶνται | has happened · theyperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person plural | overcome | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 3 occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hēttomō | hēttome | hēttomē | hēttomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | hēttosō | hēttose | hēttosē | hēttoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hēttotō | hēttote | hēttotē1×ἥττηται | hēttotelē |
| we 1st person plural | hēttonō | hēttone | hēttonē | hēttonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | hēttovō | hēttove | hēttovē | hēttovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | hēttolō | hēttole | hēttolē1×ἡττῶνται | hēttolelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hēttimi | hēttima |
| you 2nd person singular | hēttisi | hēttisa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hēttiti | hēttita |
| we 1st person plural | hēttini | hēttina |
| ye 2nd person plural | hēttivi | hēttiva1×ἡσσώθητε |
| they 3rd person plural | hēttili | hēttila |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hēttomeiō | hēttomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | hēttoseiō | hēttoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hēttoteiō | hēttoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | hēttoneiō | hēttoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | hēttoveiō | hēttoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | hēttoleiō | hēttoleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hēttimeia |
| you 2nd person singular | hēttiseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hēttiteia |
| we 1st person plural | hēttineia |
| ye 2nd person plural | hēttiveia |
| they 3rd person plural | hēttileia |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | hēttosōr | hēttosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hēttotōr | hēttotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | hēttovōr | hēttovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | hēttolōr | hēttolēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | hēttisar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hēttitar |
| ye 2nd person plural | hēttivar |
| they 3rd person plural | hēttilar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hēttomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | hēttosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hēttotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | hēttonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | hēttovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | hēttoloiō |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hēttimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | hēttisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hēttitoia |
| we 1st person plural | hēttinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | hēttivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | hēttiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | hēttorō | hēttorē | ||
| acted on passive voice | hēttiri | hēttira |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | hēttorōntos | hēttorēntos | ||
| acted on passive voice | hēttirintos | hēttirantos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
hētt is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
3 occurrences, every one of them listed
hēttiva“inferior”happened · yeaorist passive indicative 2nd person plural1×
2 Corinthians 12:13tinem gar atō hem hēttiva huper tain loipain ekklēsain, ei mē …In what way were you inferior to the other churches, except that …
hēttotē“overcome”has happened · he/she/itperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
2 Peter 2:19“overcome”… huparcharōntois tau fthorau; ho gar tinos hēttotē, houto kai doulotē.… they themselves are slaves to depravity. For a man is a slave to whatever has mastered him.
hēttolē“overcome”has happened · theyperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person plural1×
2 Peter 2:20… Iēsu Christou houtei de palin emplekirantois hēttolē, genatē autoi teim eschateim cheirōneim teiu …… Christ, only to be entangled and overcome by it again, their final condition …