verb
kataponomō
Strong’sG2669
I ill-treat
stem katapon-2 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books2 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
** κατα-πονέω, -ῶ,
[in LXX: II Mac 8:2 (A), III Mac 2:2, 13*;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2669 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
subdue, Refs 1st c.BC+: in future middle, Refs 1st c.BC+; worst in a lawsuit, Refs 4th c.AD+ —passive, to be subdued, reduced, worn out, Refs 4th c.BC+; to be exhausted, Refs 2nd c.AD+.
2 handle roughly, crush, damage, Refs 3rd c.BC+; maltreat, oppress, especially in passive, ὑπὸ τῶν τυράννων, ὑπὸ τῶν τελωνῶν, NT+4th c.BC+
3 digest food, Refs 2nd c.AD+
II intransitive in perfect participle -πεπονηκώς ruinous, Refs 6th c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| kataponorōntonκαταπονούμενον | happening now · objectpresent middle or passive participle accusative singular masculine | distressed | 1× |
| kataponorōntoκαταπονουμένῳ | happening now · to, forpresent middle or passive participle dative singular masculine | oppressed | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 54, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kataponomō | kataponome | kataponomē | kataponomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | kataponosō | kataponose | kataponosē | kataponoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kataponotō | kataponote | kataponotē | kataponotelē |
| we 1st person plural | katapononō | kataponone | katapononē | katapononelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | kataponovō | kataponove | kataponovē | kataponovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | kataponolō | kataponole | kataponolē | kataponolelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kataponomeiō | kataponomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | kataponoseiō | kataponoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kataponoteiō | kataponoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | katapononeiō | katapononeiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | kataponoveiō | kataponoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | kataponoleiō | kataponoleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | kataponosōr | kataponosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kataponotōr | kataponotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | kataponovōr | kataponovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | kataponolōr | kataponolēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kataponomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | kataponosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kataponotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | katapononoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | kataponovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | kataponoloiō |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | kataponorō | kataponorē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | kataponorōntos2× | kataponorēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
katapon is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
2 occurrences, every one of them listed
kataponorōnton“distressed”happening now · objectpresent middle or passive participle accusative singular masculine1×
2 Peter 2:7kai dikaion Lōt kataponorōnton hupo tau toiu athesmoiu en aselgeia …… He rescued Lot, a righteous man distressed by the depraved conduct of the …
kataponorōnto“oppressed”happening now · to, forpresent middle or passive participle dative singular masculine1×
Acts 7:24“oppressed”… adikorōnton amuneta kai poiata ekdikēsian to kataponorōnto pataxarantos ton Aiguption.… his defense and avenged him by striking down the Egyptian who was …