verb
keiromō
Strong’sG2751
I shear, cut the hair of
stem keir-4 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books4 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
κείρω,
[in LXX chiefly for גּזז, Is 53:7, al.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2751 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidki'-ro
to shear
Froma primary verb;
King Jamesshear(-er).
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
future κερῶ Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect κερέω Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἔκειρα Refs 5th c.BC+, Epic dialect ἔκερσα Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect κέκαρκα Refs 2nd c.BC+:—middle, future κεροῦμαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκειράμἡν Refs 5th c.BC+, Epic dialect ἐκερσάμην Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, aorist 1 participle κερθείςRefs 5th c.BC+aorist 2 ἐκάρην [ᾰ] Refs 3rd c.BC+, subjunctive κᾰρῇ Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive κᾰρῆναι, participle καρείς, Refs 1st c.AD+: perfect infinitive κεκάρθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: Attic dialect pluperfect ἐκεκάρμην Refs 2nd c.AD+. (Cf. Sanskrit kṛṇā´ti 'wound', Latin caro: probably also ORefs 5th c.BC+ scieran, Eng. shear.):—cut short, shear, clip, especially of hair, σοί τε κόμην κερέειν (i.e. Σπερχειῷ) Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. ἐν χρ [τὰς τρίχας] crop it close, Refs 5th c.BC+: —more frequently in middle, cut off one's hair or have it cut off, as a sign of mourning (compare κουρά), τοῦτο.. γέρας οἶον ὀϊζυροῖσι βροτοῖσι, κείρασθαί τε κόμην βαλέειν τ᾽ ἀπὸ δάκρυ παρειῶν Refs 8th c.BC+: absolutely, cut off one's hair, κείρασθε, συμπενθήσατ᾽ Refs 5th c.BC+ to have oneself close shorn, Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, κουρᾷ.. πενθίμῳ κεκαρμένος Refs 5th c.BC+; σύμβολον κ. half-cropped, Refs 5th c.BC+; also, of the hair, to be cut off, πλόκαμοι κερθέντες Refs 5th c.BC+
2 crop a person, σφέας αὐτοὺς καὶ τοὺς ἵππους, in sign of mourning, Refs 5th c.BC+; κεκάρθαι τὰς κεφαλάς to have their heads shorn, Refs 3rd c.BC+; shear sheep, μάχαιραι κουρίδες, αἷς κείρομεν τὰ πρόβατα καὶ τοὺς ποιμένας Refs 5th c.BC+; κείρεσθαί (tonderi) μου τὰ πρόβατα, ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἀποξύρεσθαι (deglubi) βούλομαι Tiber. cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ μὲν [καρῆναι] ἐπὶ προβάτων τιθέασι καὶ ἐπὶ ἀτίμου κουρᾶς Refs 2nd c.AD+; but τῶν Ἀργείων ἐπὶ πένθει καρέντων Plu.[same place]; τῷ σε χρὴ δρεπάνοισι καὶ οὐ ψαλίδεσσι καρῆναι Refs 4th c.AD+
3 metaphorically, 'fleece', plunder, τὴν μάμμην Refs 3rd c.BC+
II cut down, δοῦρ᾽ ἐλάτης κέρσαντες Refs 8th c.BC+; crop close, opposed to ἐπιτέμνειν, Refs 4th c.BC+; pluck, ἄνθη Refs 5th c.BC+
II.2 ravage a country, especially by cutting down crops and fruit-trees, τὸ πεδίον Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν γῆν Refs 5th c.BC+; destroy, πόλιν Refs 3rd c.BC+ P.; also, clear, of pioneers, ὄρος Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, of a country, to be ravaged, καρῆναι Refs 3rd c.BC+ —middle, χθὼν πεύκας κειραμένη having its pine-trees cut down, Refs 1st c.AD+ had her glory shorn off, epigram cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+; Ἄρης νυχίαν πλάκα κερσάμενος having had the plain swept clean (by destroying the men), Refs 4th c.BC+
II.3 ἔκειρε πολύκερων φόνον slaughtered many a horned beast by hewing, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.4 hew, carve, ἐπίβασιν Refs
II.5 cut through transversely, opposed to σχίζειν (slit longitudinally), φλέβα Refs 2nd c.AD+
III generally, destroy, consume:
III.1 tear, eat greedily, of beasts, κείρει τ᾽ εἰσελθὼν βαθὺ λήϊον [ὄνος] Refs 8th c.BC+; of fish, δημὸν.. ἐπινεφρίδιον κείροντες Refs; of vultures, ἧπαρ ἔκειρον Refs 8th c.BC+
III.2 metaphorically, waste, devour, ἐκείρετε πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλὰ κτήματ᾽ ἐμά Refs 8th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| keiretarκειράσθω | happened · he/she/itaorist middle imperative 3rd person singular | have … haircut off | 1× |
| keireraκείρασθαι | happened · the “to …” formaorist middle infinitive | have … haircut off | 1× |
| keirarantouκείραντος | happened · of, belonging toaorist active participle genitive singular masculine | shearer | 1× |
| keirerantosκειράμενος | happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative singular masculine | shaved | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | keiramō | keirame | keirami | keirama | keiramē | keiramelē |
| you 2nd person singular | keirasō | keirase | keirasi | keirasa | keirasē | keiraselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keiratō | keirate | keirati | keirata | keiratē | keiratelē |
| we 1st person plural | keiranō | keirane | keirani | keirana | keiranē | keiranelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | keiravō | keirave | keiravi | keirava | keiravē | keiravelē |
| they 3rd person plural | keiralō | keirale | keirali | keirala | keiralē | keiralelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | keiromō | keirome | keiromē | keiromelē |
| you 2nd person singular | keirosō | keirose | keirosē | keiroselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keirotō | keirote | keirotē | keirotelē |
| we 1st person plural | keironō | keirone | keironē | keironelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | keirovō | keirove | keirovē | keirovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | keirolō | keirole | keirolē | keirolelē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | keiremi | keirema |
| you 2nd person singular | keiresi | keiresa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keireti | keireta |
| we 1st person plural | keireni | keirena |
| ye 2nd person plural | keirevi | keireva |
| they 3rd person plural | keireli | keirela |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | keirameiō | keirameia | keirameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | keiraseiō | keiraseia | keiraseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keirateiō | keirateia | keirateiē |
| we 1st person plural | keiraneiō | keiraneia | keiraneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | keiraveiō | keiraveia | keiraveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | keiraleiō | keiraleia | keiraleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | keiromeiō | keiromeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | keiroseiō | keiroseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keiroteiō | keiroteiē |
| we 1st person plural | keironeiō | keironeiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | keiroveiō | keiroveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | keiroleiō | keiroleiē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | keiremeia |
| you 2nd person singular | keireseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keireteia |
| we 1st person plural | keireneia |
| ye 2nd person plural | keireveia |
| they 3rd person plural | keireleia |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | keirasōr | keirasar | keirasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keiratōr | keiratar | keiratēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | keiravōr | keiravar | keiravēr |
| they 3rd person plural | keiralōr | keiralar | keiralēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | keirosōr | keirosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keirotōr | keirotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | keirovōr | keirovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | keirolōr | keirolēr |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | keiresar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keiretar1×κειράσθω |
| ye 2nd person plural | keirevar |
| they 3rd person plural | keirelar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | keiramoiō | keiramoia |
| you 2nd person singular | keirasoiō | keirasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keiratoiō | keiratoia |
| we 1st person plural | keiranoiō | keiranoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | keiravoiō | keiravoia |
| they 3rd person plural | keiraloiō | keiraloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | keiromoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | keirosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keirotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | keironoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | keirovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | keiroloiō |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | keiremoia |
| you 2nd person singular | keiresoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | keiretoia |
| we 1st person plural | keirenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | keirevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | keireloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | keirarō | keirari | keirara | keirarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | keirorō | keirorē | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | keireri | keirera1×κείρασθαι |
Used as an adjective — participle, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | keirarōntos | keirarintos | keirarantos1× | keirarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | keirorōntos | keirorēntos | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | keirerintos | keirerantos1×κειράμενος |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
keir is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
4 occurrences, every one of them listed
keiretar“have … haircut off”happened · he/she/itaorist middle imperative 3rd person singular1×
1 Corinthians 11:6ei gar ouk katakaluptotō gunaikas, kai keiretar; ei de aischrem gunaika tem keirera …… not cover her head, she should have her hair cut off. And if …
keirera“have … haircut off”happened · the “to …” formaorist middle infinitive1×
1 Corinthians 11:6… keiretar; ei de aischrem gunaika tem keirera ē xurera, katakaluptotōr.… is shameful for a woman to have her hair cut or shaved off …
keirarantou“shearer”happened · of, belonging toaorist active participle genitive singular masculine1×
Acts 8:32… agita, kai hōs amnos enantion tou keirarantou auton afōnos, houtōs ouk anoigatō tem …… and as a lamb before the shearer is silent, so He did not …
keirerantos“shaved”happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative singular masculine1×
Acts 18:18… kai sun auto Priskillas kai Akulos, keirerantos en Kenchreai tan kefalan, echate gar …… the brothers. He had his head shaved in Cenchrea to keep a vow …