verb
loidoramō
Strong’sG3058
I revile, abuse
stem loidor-4 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books4 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
λοιδορέω, -ῶ
(< λοίδορος), [in LXX chiefly for רִיב;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G3058 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidloy-dor-eh'-o
to reproach, i.e. vilify
Fromfrom G3060;
King Jamesrevile.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
future -ήσω Refs 4th c.BC+: aorist ἐλοιδόρησα Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect λελοιδόρηκα Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle and passive (see. below), future -ήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐλοιδορησάμην Refs 4th c.BC+; Attic dialect more frequently ἐλοισορήθην Refs 4th c.BC+: (λοίδορος):—abuse, revile, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.: absolutely, Refs 5th c.BC+ [same place], etc.; sometimes simply, rebuke, Refs 5th c.BC+: with neuter adjective, ἐμαυτὸν πόλλ᾽ ἐλοιδόρησα Refs 5th c.BC+ reproach fortune as blind, Refs 1st c.AD+:—middle, rail at one another, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, λοιδοροῦντας ἢ λοιδορουμένους reviling or reviled, Refs 5th c.BC+; λελοιδορημένος ὑπὸ.. rebuked.., Refs 5th c.BC+
II middle with aorist passive in active sense, with dative person, rail at, τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; τινος LXX+2nd c.AD+.. they use all kind of foul reproaches, saying that.., Refs 5th c.BC+—active never has dative except in later Gr., LXX+5th c.BC+ (ἠναντιώθην καὶ ἀντεῖπον —καὶ ἐλοιδόρησα—ἐκείνῳ ὧν ἦν ἄξιος) the dative (if correct) depends on the other verbs; as does the accusative in οὓς ὕβριζες καὶ ἐλοιδοροῦ Refs 4th c.BC+ —Only the active is found in Trag.
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| loidorasōλοιδορεῖς | happening now · youpresent active indicative 2nd person singular | revile | 1× |
| loidoralaἐλοιδόρησαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | reviled | 1× |
| loidororōntosλοιδορούμενος | happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative singular masculine | reviled | 1× |
| loidororōntoisλοιδορούμενοι | happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine | reviled | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 140, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 2 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | loidoramō | loidorame | loidorami | loidorama | loidoramē | loidoramelē |
| you 2nd person singular | loidorasō1×λοιδορεῖς | loidorase | loidorasi | loidorasa | loidorasē | loidoraselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loidoratō | loidorate | loidorati | loidorata | loidoratē | loidoratelē |
| we 1st person plural | loidoranō | loidorane | loidorani | loidorana | loidoranē | loidoranelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | loidoravō | loidorave | loidoravi | loidorava | loidoravē | loidoravelē |
| they 3rd person plural | loidoralō | loidorale | loidorali | loidorala1×ἐλοιδόρησαν | loidoralē | loidoralelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | loidoromō | loidorome | loidoromē | loidoromelē |
| you 2nd person singular | loidorosō | loidorose | loidorosē | loidoroselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loidorotō | loidorote | loidorotē | loidorotelē |
| we 1st person plural | loidoronō | loidorone | loidoronē | loidoronelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | loidorovō | loidorove | loidorovē | loidorovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | loidorolō | loidorole | loidorolē | loidorolelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | loidorameiō | loidorameia | loidorameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | loidoraseiō | loidoraseia | loidoraseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loidorateiō | loidorateia | loidorateiē |
| we 1st person plural | loidoraneiō | loidoraneia | loidoraneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | loidoraveiō | loidoraveia | loidoraveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | loidoraleiō | loidoraleia | loidoraleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | loidoromeiō | loidoromeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | loidoroseiō | loidoroseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loidoroteiō | loidoroteiē |
| we 1st person plural | loidoroneiō | loidoroneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | loidoroveiō | loidoroveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | loidoroleiō | loidoroleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | loidorasōr | loidorasar | loidorasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loidoratōr | loidoratar | loidoratēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | loidoravōr | loidoravar | loidoravēr |
| they 3rd person plural | loidoralōr | loidoralar | loidoralēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | loidorosōr | loidorosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loidorotōr | loidorotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | loidorovōr | loidorovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | loidorolōr | loidorolēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | loidoramoiō | loidoramoia |
| you 2nd person singular | loidorasoiō | loidorasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loidoratoiō | loidoratoia |
| we 1st person plural | loidoranoiō | loidoranoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | loidoravoiō | loidoravoia |
| they 3rd person plural | loidoraloiō | loidoraloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | loidoromoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | loidorosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loidorotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | loidoronoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | loidorovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | loidoroloiō |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | loidorarō | loidorari | loidorara | loidorarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | loidororō | loidororē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | loidorarōntos | loidorarintos | loidorarantos | loidorarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | loidororōntos2×λοιδορούμενος | loidororēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
loidor is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Other words sharing the exact same stem — not merely related in meaning.
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
4 occurrences, every one of them listed
loidorasō“revile”happening now · youpresent active indicative 2nd person singular1×
Acts 23:4“revile”… parastēarēntois legala; Ton archierevon tou theou loidorasō?But those standing nearby said, “How dare you insult the high priest of God!”
loidorala“reviled”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
John 9:28“reviled”loidorala auton kai legala; Sis mathētos asō …… insults on him and said, “You are His disciple; we are …
loidororōntos“reviled”happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative singular masculine1×
1 Peter 2:23“reviled”hos loidororōntos ouk antiloidorate, pascharōntos ouk apeilate, paradōate …… on Him, He did not retaliate; when He suffered, He made no threats, but entrusted Himself to …
loidororōntois“reviled”happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine1×
1 Corinthians 4:12“reviled”kai kopianō ergazorōntois tai idiai cheirai; loidororōntois euloganō, diōkorōntois anechonō,… hard with our own hands. When we are vilified, we bless; when we are persecuted, we endure it;