Biblangbeta

verb

Greekπροτρέπομαι (protrepomai)
Biblang

protrepomō

Strong’sG4389

I encourage, exhort

stem protrep-once in the New Testament1 forms occur

What it means

What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.

** προ-τρέπω,

[in LXX: Wi 14:18, II Mac 11:7, IV Mac 12:7 15:12 16:13*;]

to urge forwards, exhort, persuade. Mid., in same sense (as also in cl.): Ac 18:27.†

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.

Strong’s G4389 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from

Saidprot-rep'-om-ahee

to turn forward for oneself, i.e. encourage

Frommiddle voice from G4253 and the base of G5157;

King Jamesexhort.

James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.

Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
προτρέπω,
urge forwards; used by Refs 8th c.BC+ only intransitive in middle or passive, turn to flight, προτρέποντο μελαινάων ἐπὶ νηῶν Refs 8th c.BC+; of the sun, ὅτ᾽ ἂν ἂψ ἐπὶ γαῖαν ἀπ᾽ οὐρανόθεν προτράπηται Refs 8th c.BC+ give myself up to grief, Refs 8th c.BC+
II later, in active, urge on, impel, τίς σ᾽ ἀνάγκῃ τῇδε προτρέπε; Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to κωλύω, Refs 4th c.BC+: with accusative person et infinitive, urge on, impel, persuade one to do a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τοὺς δικαστὰς ὀργίζεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; προτρέψαι (or -τρέψασθαι) τινὰ ὥστε πειρᾶσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+:— middle, with accusative person et infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+; προτρέπεσθαι ἀνθρώπους ἐπ᾽ ἀρετήν, τοὺς συνόντας πρὸς ἐγκράτειαν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὡς.. προετρέψατο ὁ Σόλων τὸν Κροῖσον εἴπας.., ἐπειρώτα.., as Solon's story led Croesus on, he asked, Refs 5th c.BC+; προτρέψομαι I will lay an injunction on thee, Refs 5th c.BC+; prescribe, ἐν τῇ φαρμακείῃ Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be persuaded or influenced, ὑπὸ τῶν ὀρνίθων ἀποτρέπεσθαι καὶ π. Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, ὑπ᾽ ἐκείνων -τραπήσεσθαι ὅ τι ἂν κελεύωνται ποιεῖν Refs 1st c.BC+; προετράπη γράψαι Refs 3rd c.AD+
III promote, οὖρα, χυμόν, Refs 2nd c.AD+ —passive, ἢν προτρέπηται ὁποῖα δεῖ if stimulated in the right way, Refs 5th c.BC+
IV in middle, outstrip, outdo, πάντας ἐν τῷ πίνειν Refs 1st c.AD+
V search out, discover, Refs 5th c.BC+

H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.

Translated as

Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.

encouraged1×

Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.

Biblang forms

What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.

Form and the Greek behind itWhat it isUsuallyTimes
protreperantoisπροτρεψάμενοιhappened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative plural masculineencouraged1×

Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.

Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, no occurrences

acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice

Who personhappening now presentwas happening imperfecthas happened perfecthad happened pluperfect
I 1st person singularprotrepomōprotrepomeprotrepomēprotrepomelē
you 2nd person singularprotreposōprotreposeprotreposēprotreposelē
he/she/it 3rd person singularprotrepotōprotrepoteprotrepotēprotrepotelē
we 1st person pluralprotreponōprotreponeprotreponēprotreponelē
ye 2nd person pluralprotrepovōprotrepoveprotrepovēprotrepovelē
they 3rd person pluralprotrepolōprotrepoleprotrepolēprotrepolelē

acts on or for itself middle voice

Who personwill happen futurehappened aorist
I 1st person singularprotrepemiprotrepema
you 2nd person singularprotrepesiprotrepesa
he/she/it 3rd person singularprotrepetiprotrepeta
we 1st person pluralprotrepeniprotrepena
ye 2nd person pluralprotrepeviprotrepeva
they 3rd person pluralprotrepeliprotrepela
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences

acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice

Who personhappening now presenthas happened perfect
I 1st person singularprotrepomeiōprotrepomeiē
you 2nd person singularprotreposeiōprotreposeiē
he/she/it 3rd person singularprotrepoteiōprotrepoteiē
we 1st person pluralprotreponeiōprotreponeiē
ye 2nd person pluralprotrepoveiōprotrepoveiē
they 3rd person pluralprotrepoleiōprotrepoleiē

acts on or for itself middle voice

Who personhappened aorist
I 1st person singularprotrepemeia
you 2nd person singularprotrepeseia
he/she/it 3rd person singularprotrepeteia
we 1st person pluralprotrepeneia
ye 2nd person pluralprotrepeveia
they 3rd person pluralprotrepeleia
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences

acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice

Who personhappening now presenthas happened perfect
you 2nd person singularprotreposōrprotreposēr
he/she/it 3rd person singularprotrepotōrprotrepotēr
ye 2nd person pluralprotrepovōrprotrepovēr
they 3rd person pluralprotrepolōrprotrepolēr

acts on or for itself middle voice

Who personhappened aorist
you 2nd person singularprotrepesar
he/she/it 3rd person singularprotrepetar
ye 2nd person pluralprotrepevar
they 3rd person pluralprotrepelar
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences

acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice

Who personhappening now present
I 1st person singularprotrepomoiō
you 2nd person singularprotreposoiō
he/she/it 3rd person singularprotrepotoiō
we 1st person pluralprotreponoiō
ye 2nd person pluralprotrepovoiō
they 3rd person pluralprotrepoloiō

acts on or for itself middle voice

Who personhappened aorist
I 1st person singularprotrepemoia
you 2nd person singularprotrepesoia
he/she/it 3rd person singularprotrepetoia
we 1st person pluralprotrepenoia
ye 2nd person pluralprotrepevoia
they 3rd person pluralprotrepeloia
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voiceprotreporōprotreporē
acts on or for itself middle voiceprotreperiprotrepera
Used as an adjective — participle, 1 occurrence
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voiceprotreporōntosprotreporēntos
acts on or for itself middle voiceprotreperintosprotreperantos1×

Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.

How every form is built — the slots that make them
protrepstem+aoeiwho is acting voice+mstnvl—who person+—eiroistatement, command, wish mood+ōeiaēelēwhen tense+—ntthen it declines+—ogender+—sits job in the sentence case

protrep is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.

same in every form varies — every value shown

Where it appears

Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.

1 occurrence, every one of them listed

protreperantois“encouraged”happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative plural masculine1×

Acts 18:27… de autou dierchara eis tan Achaian protreperantois tois adelfois grafala toi mathētoi apodechera …… cross over to Achaia, the brothers encouraged him and wrote to the disciples …