verb
prouparchamō
Strong’sG4391
I have been already
stem prouparch-2 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books2 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
** προ-ϋπ-άρχω,
[in LXX: Jb 42:18*;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4391 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
take the initiative in a thing, with genitive, ἀδικίας Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν, τῆς ἔχθρας, Refs 5th c.BC+: with neuter adjective, π. τι ἔς τινα Refs 2nd c.AD+ —passive, τὰ προϋπηργμένα εἰς αὑτόν benefits formerly received, Refs 4th c.BC+
II intransitive, exist before, be pre-existent, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ νόμοι οἱ προϋπάρχοντες Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ τῶν σωμάτων αὔξησις ἐκ προϋπαρχόντων ἐστίν from pre-existent materials, Refs 4th c.BC+; προϋπάρξαντα things that happened before, past events, variant for{πρὶν ὑπ}. in Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ προϋπάρχοντα former possessions, Refs 1st c.AD+; οἱ π. ὕπατοι the previous consuls, Refs 2nd c.BC+perfect passive, τὰ προϋπηργμένα antecedents, Refs 4th c.BC+; οἰκειότης, χάρις προϋπηργμένη, Refs 1st c.AD+
II.2 with genitive, προϋπάρχειν δεῖ τὸ κινοῦν τοῦ κινουμένου must exist before.. , Refs 4th c.BC+; to be logically prior, μέθοδος πασῶν προϋπάρχουσα καὶ κυριωτέρα Refs 2nd c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| prouparchateπροϋπῆρχεν | was happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singular | previously | 1× |
| prouparchaleπροϋπῆρχον | was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural | before | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 2 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | prouparchamō | prouparchame | prouparchami | prouparchama | prouparchamē | prouparchamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | prouparchasō | prouparchase | prouparchasi | prouparchasa | prouparchasē | prouparchaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | prouparchatō | prouparchate1×προϋπῆρχεν | prouparchati | prouparchata | prouparchatē | prouparchatelē |
| we 1st person plural | prouparchanō | prouparchane | prouparchani | prouparchana | prouparchanē | prouparchanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | prouparchavō | prouparchave | prouparchavi | prouparchava | prouparchavē | prouparchavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | prouparchalō | prouparchale1×προϋπῆρχον | prouparchali | prouparchala | prouparchalē | prouparchalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | prouparchameiō | prouparchameia | prouparchameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | prouparchaseiō | prouparchaseia | prouparchaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | prouparchateiō | prouparchateia | prouparchateiē |
| we 1st person plural | prouparchaneiō | prouparchaneia | prouparchaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | prouparchaveiō | prouparchaveia | prouparchaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | prouparchaleiō | prouparchaleia | prouparchaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | prouparchasōr | prouparchasar | prouparchasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | prouparchatōr | prouparchatar | prouparchatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | prouparchavōr | prouparchavar | prouparchavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | prouparchalōr | prouparchalar | prouparchalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | prouparchamoiō | prouparchamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | prouparchasoiō | prouparchasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | prouparchatoiō | prouparchatoia |
| we 1st person plural | prouparchanoiō | prouparchanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | prouparchavoiō | prouparchavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | prouparchaloiō | prouparchaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | prouparcharō | prouparchari | prouparchara | prouparcharē |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | prouparcharōntos | prouparcharintos | prouparcharantos | prouparcharēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
prouparch is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
2 occurrences, every one of them listed
prouparchate“previously”was happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 8:9“previously”Andros de tinos onome Simōnos prouparchate en ta pola mageuarōntos kai ekstēarōntos …… that time, a man named Simon had practiced sorcery in the city and astounded the …
prouparchale“before”was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Luke 23:12… en auta ta hēmera meta allēloiu; prouparchale gar en echthra arōntois pros heautoin.… day Herod and Pilate became friends; before this time they had been enemies.