verb
puromō
Strong’sG4448
I burn, am purified by fire
stem pur-6 times in the New Testamentin 5 of 27 books6 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
πυρόω, -ῶ
(< πῦρ), [in LXX chiefly for צרף;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4448 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidpoo-ro'-o
to kindle, i.e. (passively) to be ignited, glow (literally), be refined (by implication), or (figuratively) to be inflamed (with anger, grief, lust)
Fromfrom G4442;
King Jamesburn, fiery, be on fire, try.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
(πῦρ) burn with fire, burn up, τὰς Ἀθήνας Refs 5th c.BC+; burn as a burnt sacrifice, ὀσφῦν Refs 5th c.BC+; burn on a pyre, ἣν πεπύρωκαν (sic) ἐγώ Refs; π. Κύκλωπος ὄψιν burn out his eye, Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, παῖδα πυρωσαμένη having placed my son on the pyre, Refs 1st c.AD+:—passive, to be set on fire, to be burnt, πυρωθέντων Τρώων Refs 5th c.BC+
b π. τὴν γεῦσιν, τὴν γλῶσσαν, seem hot to the taste or tongue, Refs 1st c.AD+
c ἡ ζεστολουσία.. πυροῦσα τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν reddening or warming up the surface, Refs 1st c.AD+
2 metaphorically, set on fire, inflame, Ἔρως σὺ δ᾽ εὐθέως με πύρωσον Refs:—passive, to be inflamed or excited, παραγγέλμασιν.. πυρωθεὶς καρδίαν Refs 4th c.BC+; τινι by a person (with love), NT+1st c.AD+
II absolutely, produce fire, Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, to become fire, to be ignited, Refs 5th c.BC+
III treat with fire: roast, grill, Refs 5th c.BC+; bake, πλίνθους Refs 4th c.BC+; warm on the fire, Refs 2nd c.BC+; melt, [ἀργυρώματα] Refs 3rd c.BC+; make red hot, Refs 1st c.AD+; fumigate, δῶμα θεείῳ Refs 3rd c.BC+; cauterize, Refs 4th c.BC+
III.2 passive, to be affected by fire, ὁ χρυσὸς οὐ πυροῦται Refs
III.3 of gold, to be proved or tested by fire, χρυσίον πεπυρωμένον ἐκ πυρός NT: metaphorically, proved by fire, approved, LXX+1st c.AD+
III.4 to be affected by heart-burn, Refs 1st c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| puromōπυροῦμαι | happening now · Ipresent middle or passive indicative 1st person singular | burn with indignation | 1× |
| purorōπυροῦσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive | burn with passion | 1× |
| purorōntoisπυρούμενοι | happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine | fire | 1× |
| purorēntemπεπυρωμένον | has happened · objectperfect middle or passive participle direct singular neuter | refined | 1× |
| purorēntauπεπυρωμένης | has happened · of, belonging toperfect middle or passive participle genitive singular feminine | refined | 1× |
| purorēnteimπεπυρωμένα | has happened · objectperfect middle or passive participle direct plural neuter | flaming | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 54, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | puromō1×πυροῦμαι | purome | puromē | puromelē |
| you 2nd person singular | purosō | purose | purosē | puroselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | purotō | purote | purotē | purotelē |
| we 1st person plural | puronō | purone | puronē | puronelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | purovō | purove | purovē | purovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | purolō | purole | purolē | purolelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | puromeiō | puromeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | puroseiō | puroseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | puroteiō | puroteiē |
| we 1st person plural | puroneiō | puroneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | puroveiō | puroveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | puroleiō | puroleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | purosōr | purosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | purotōr | purotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | purovōr | purovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | purolōr | purolēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | puromoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | purosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | purotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | puronoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | purovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | puroloiō |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | purorō1×πυροῦσθαι | purorē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 4 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | purorōntos1× | purorēntos3× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
pur is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Other words sharing the exact same stem — not merely related in meaning.
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
6 occurrences, every one of them listed
puromō“burn with indignation”happening now · Ipresent middle or passive indicative 1st person singular1×
2 Corinthians 11:29“burn with indignation”… asthenamō? tinos skandalizotō kai ouk mis puromō?… am not weak? Who is led into sin, and I do not burn with …
purorō“burn with passion”happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive1×
1 Corinthians 7:9… gamalar, kreittonem gar atō gamara ē purorō.… is better to marry than to burn with passion.
purorōntois“fire”happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine1×
2 Peter 3:12… tou theou hēmerau, dia han ouranois purorōntois luili kai stoicheieim kausorōnteim tēkotō;… the heavens will be destroyed by fire and the elements will melt in …
purorēntem“refined”has happened · objectperfect middle or passive participle direct singular neuter1×
Revelation 3:18sumbouleuamō si agorazara para mu chrusiem purorēntem ek pureu hina ploutaseia, kai himatieim …… you to buy from Me gold refined by fire so that you may …
purorēntau“refined”has happened · of, belonging toperfect middle or passive participle genitive singular feminine1×
Revelation 1:15… autou homoiois chalkolibane, hōs en kaminosa purorēntau, kai tas fōnas autou hōs fōnas …His feet were like polished bronze refined in a furnace, and His voice …
purorēnteim“flaming”has happened · objectperfect middle or passive participle direct plural neuter1×
Ephesians 6:16… dunevi panteim teim beleim tou ponērou purorēnteim sbennuara;… which you can extinguish all the flaming arrows of the evil one.