verb
kakamō
Greekκακόω (kakoō)
Strong’sG2559
I treat badly
stem kak-6 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books5 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
κακόω, -ῶ
(< κακός), [in LXX chiefly for רעע hi., ענה pi.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2559 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidkak-o'-o
to injure; figuratively, to exasperate
Fromfrom G2556;
King Jamesmake evil affected, entreat evil, harm, hurt, vex.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| kakaliκακώσουσιν | will happen · theyfuture active indicative 3rd person plural | mistreat | 1× |
| kakataἐκάκωσεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | oppressed | 1× |
| kakalaἐκάκωσαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | poisoned | 1× |
| kakaraκακῶσαί | happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive | harm | 2× |
| kakaritosκακώσων | will happen · subjectfuture active participle nominative singular masculine | harm | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 3 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kakamō | kakame | kakami | kakama | kakamē | kakamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | kakasō | kakase | kakasi | kakasa | kakasē | kakaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kakatō | kakate | kakati | kakata1×ἐκάκωσεν | kakatē | kakatelē |
| we 1st person plural | kakanō | kakane | kakani | kakana | kakanē | kakanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | kakavō | kakave | kakavi | kakava | kakavē | kakavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | kakalō | kakale | kakali1×κακώσουσιν | kakala1×ἐκάκωσαν | kakalē | kakalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kakameiō | kakameia | kakameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | kakaseiō | kakaseia | kakaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kakateiō | kakateia | kakateiē |
| we 1st person plural | kakaneiō | kakaneia | kakaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | kakaveiō | kakaveia | kakaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | kakaleiō | kakaleia | kakaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | kakasōr | kakasar | kakasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kakatōr | kakatar | kakatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | kakavōr | kakavar | kakavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | kakalōr | kakalar | kakalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kakamoiō | kakamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | kakasoiō | kakasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kakatoiō | kakatoia |
| we 1st person plural | kakanoiō | kakanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | kakavoiō | kakavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | kakaloiō | kakaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | kakarō | kakari | kakara2×κακῶσαί | kakarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | kakarōtos | kakaritos1×κακώσων | kakaratos | kakarētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
kak is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Where it appears
6 occurrences, every one of them listed
kakali“mistreat”will happen · theyfuture active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Acts 7:6“mistreat”lalata de houtōs tos theos hoti eti tem spermem autou paroikem en gēa allotria, kai doulali autem kai kakali eteim tetrakosioi;God told him that his descendants would be foreigners in a strange land, and that they would be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years.
kakata“oppressed”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 7:19“oppressed”houtos katasofizeratos tem genem nu kakata toin patēroin teu poiarō teim brefeim ektheteim autoiu eis tem mē zōogonirō.He exploited our people and oppressed our fathers, forcing them to abandon their infants so they would die.
kakala“poisoned”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Acts 14:2“poisoned”tois de apeitharatois Ioudaiois epegeirala kai kakala tain psuchain teiu ethneiu kata toiu adelfoiu.But the unbelieving Jews stirred up the Gentiles and poisoned their minds against the brothers.
kakara“harm”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive2×
Acts 12:1“violent”Kata ekeinon de ton kairon epiballata Hērōdos tos basilevos tain cheirain kakara tinoin toiu apo tau ekklēsau.About that time, King Herod reached out to harm some who belonged to the church.
Acts 18:10“harm”dioti mis amō meta su kai oudenos epititheti si teu kakara sin, dioti laos atō mi pollos en ta polita houta.For I am with you and no one will lay a hand on you, because I have many people in this city.”
kakaritos“harm”will happen · subjectfuture active participle nominative singular masculine1×
1 Peter 3:13“harm”Kai tinos tos kakaritos vin ean teu agatheu zēlōtois gineveia?Who can harm you if you are zealous for what is good?