verb
koinōnamō
Strong’sG2841
I share, communicate, have fellowship with
stem koinōn-8 times in the New Testamentin 7 of 27 books8 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
κοινωνέω, -ῶ,
[in LXX: II Ch 20:35, Jb 34:8, Ec 9:4 (חבר), Pr 1:11, Wi 6:23, Si 13:1, al.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2841 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidkoy-no-neh'-o
to share with others (objectively or subjectively)
Fromfrom G2844;
King Jamescommunicate, distribute, be partaker.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
future -ήσω Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect κεκοινώνηκα Refs —passive, future κοινωνήσομαι (see. below): perfect κεκοινώνημαι Refs:—have or do in common with, share, take part in a thing with another, with genitive of things et dative person, τῆς πολιτείας κ. τινί Refs; κ. πόνων καὶ κινδύνων ἀλλήλοιςRefs 5th c.BC+; κ. αὐτοῖς ὧν ἔπραττονRefs 4th c.BC+: also in active sense, give a share of.., βρωτοῦ μηδενὸς μηδένα τούτῳ κ. Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ περὶ τὰς κτήσεις τοῖς συσσιτίοις ὁ νομοθέτης ἐκοινώνησε (variant{ἐκοίνωσε}) Refs 4th c.BC+
2 κ. τινός have a share of, take part in a thing, χθονός Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶν αὐτῶν κ. πάντων share all things in common,Refs 4th c.BC+; θυσίας Refs; ἦθος παιδείας κεκοινωνηκός Aristeas 290; φύσεως κεκοινώνηκε σαρκίνης Refs 1st c.BC+; πάθους, of infection, Refs 2nd c.AD+
2.b of partnership in business, Refs 2nd c.AD+
3 κ. τινί go shares with, have dealings with a man, Refs 5th c.BC+; also of things, κοινωνεῖν μὲν ἡγοῦμαι καὶ τοῦτο τοῖς πεπολιτευμένοις I think that this also is concerned with my public measures, Refs 4th c.BC+; στολὴν φοινικίδα.. ἥκιστα.. γυναικείᾳ κ. has least in common with.., Refs 5th c.BC+: in Medicine texts, sympathize, of bodily parts, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ἐγκώμια κεκοινωνημένα εὐχαῖς united with.., Refs 5th c.BC+
4 with Preps., φύσις ἡ θήλεια τῇ τοῦ ἄρρενος γένους κ. εἰς ἅπαντα Refs 2nd c.BC+
5 c.accusative cognate, κ. κοινωνίαν τινί Refs 5th c.BC+ rarely with accusative _of things_, κ. φόνον τινί commit murder in common with him, Refs 5th c.BC+
6 absolutely, share in an opinion, agree, σκόπει.., πότερον κοινωνεῖς καὶ ξυνδοκεῖ σοι Refs 5th c.BC+
7 communicate, join, ἡ ἐρυθρὰ θάλασσα κ. πρὸς τὴν ἔξω.. Refs 4th c.BC+
8 form a community, Refs
II of sexual intercourse, κ. γυναικί, ἀνδρί, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ὑπὸ μηδενός ποτε κοινωνήσεται εἰ μὴ ὑπὸ σοῦ μόνου Refs
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| koinōnatōκοινωνεῖ | happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular | shares | 1× |
| koinōnavōκοινωνεῖτε | happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural | share | 1× |
| koinōnataἐκοινώνησεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | shared | 1× |
| koinōnalaἐκοινώνησαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | shared | 1× |
| koinōnatēκεκοινώνηκεν | has happened · he/she/itperfect active indicative 3rd person singular | share | 1× |
| koinōnasōrκοινώνει | happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular | share | 1× |
| koinōnatōrΚοινωνείτω | happening now · he/she/itpresent active imperative 3rd person singular | share | 1× |
| koinōnarōntoisκοινωνοῦντες | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine | share with | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 5 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | koinōnamō | koinōname | koinōnami | koinōnama | koinōnamē | koinōnamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | koinōnasō | koinōnase | koinōnasi | koinōnasa | koinōnasē | koinōnaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | koinōnatō1×κοινωνεῖ | koinōnate | koinōnati | koinōnata1×ἐκοινώνησεν | koinōnatē1×κεκοινώνηκεν | koinōnatelē |
| we 1st person plural | koinōnanō | koinōnane | koinōnani | koinōnana | koinōnanē | koinōnanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | koinōnavō1×κοινωνεῖτε | koinōnave | koinōnavi | koinōnava | koinōnavē | koinōnavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | koinōnalō | koinōnale | koinōnali | koinōnala1×ἐκοινώνησαν | koinōnalē | koinōnalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | koinōnameiō | koinōnameia | koinōnameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | koinōnaseiō | koinōnaseia | koinōnaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | koinōnateiō | koinōnateia | koinōnateiē |
| we 1st person plural | koinōnaneiō | koinōnaneia | koinōnaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | koinōnaveiō | koinōnaveia | koinōnaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | koinōnaleiō | koinōnaleia | koinōnaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 2 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | koinōnasōr1×κοινώνει | koinōnasar | koinōnasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | koinōnatōr1×Κοινωνείτω | koinōnatar | koinōnatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | koinōnavōr | koinōnavar | koinōnavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | koinōnalōr | koinōnalar | koinōnalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | koinōnamoiō | koinōnamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | koinōnasoiō | koinōnasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | koinōnatoiō | koinōnatoia |
| we 1st person plural | koinōnanoiō | koinōnanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | koinōnavoiō | koinōnavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | koinōnaloiō | koinōnaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | koinōnarō | koinōnari | koinōnara | koinōnarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | koinōnarōntos1× | koinōnarintos | koinōnarantos | koinōnarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
koinōn is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Other words sharing the exact same stem — not merely related in meaning.
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
8 occurrences, every one of them listed
koinōnatō“shares”happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular1×
2 John 1:11tos legarōntos gar auto chairarō koinōnatō tei ergei autou tei ponērei.Whoever greets such a person shares in his evil deeds.
koinōnavō“share”happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural1×
1 Peter 4:13alla katho koinōnavō tei tou Christou pathēmei chairavōr, hina …But rejoice that you share in the sufferings of Christ, so …
koinōnata“shared”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Philippians 4:15“shared”… exerchama apo Makedoniau, oudenas mi ekklēsas koinōnata eis logon dosiau kai lēmpsiau ei …… when I left Macedonia, no church but you partnered with me in the matter of giving and receiving.
koinōnala“shared”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Romans 15:27… autoiu; ei gar tei pneumatikei autoiu koinōnala teim ethneim, ofeilalō kai en tei …… them. For if the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual blessings, they are …
koinōnatē“share”has happened · he/she/itperfect active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Hebrews 2:14“share”Epei oun teim paidieim koinōnatē haimeu kai sarkau, kai autos paraplēsiōs …Now since the children have flesh and blood, He too shared …
koinōnasōr“share”happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular1×
1 Timothy 5:22cheirain tacheōs mēdeno epitithasōr, mēde koinōnasōr hamartai allotriai; siauton hagnon tērasōr.… laying on of hands and thereby share in the sins of others. Keep …
koinōnatōr“share”happening now · he/she/itpresent active imperative 3rd person singular1×
Galatians 6:6Koinōnatōr de tos katēchorōntos ton logon to …… receives instruction in the word must share in all good things with his …
koinōnarōntois“share with”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine1×
Romans 12:13tai chreiai toiu hagioiu koinōnarōntois, tan filoxenian diōkarōntois.Share with the saints who are in need …