verb
mnēsteuomō
Strong’sG3423
I ask in marriage
stem mnēsteu-3 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books3 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
μνηστεύω,
[in LXX for ארשׂ pi., pu.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G3423 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidmnace-tyoo'-o
to give a souvenir (engagement present), i.e. betroth
Fromfrom a derivative of G3415;
King Jamesespouse.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Doric dialect μναστ-, aorist ἐμνήστευσα: perfect μεμνήστευκα Refs 1st c.BC+:—middle, future μνηστεύσομαι Refs 4th c.AD+: perfect μεμνήστευμαι Refs 2nd c.AD+, in passive sense, NT:—court, seek in marriage, with accusative, ἀγαθήν τε γυναῖκα καὶ ἀφνειοῖο θύγατρα μνηστεύειν Refs 8th c.BC+; woo and win, espouse, Refs 6th c.BC+:—middle, court for oneself, Περσεφόνης γάμον Refs 1st c.AD+:—passive, of the woman, μναστευθείσᾳ᾽ ξ Ἑλλάνων Refs 5th c.BC+
II promise in marriage, betroth, τινά τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; γάμον μνηστεύειν (with or without τινι) to bring about a marriage for another, help him to a wife, Refs 3rd c.BC+ —passive, τῇ μεμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ γυναικί his betrothed wife, NT
II.b metaphorically, τοσόνδε κίνδυνον αὐτῷ ὁ ὄλεθρος τῶν ἀδελφῶν μ. Refs 1st c.AD+
III generally, sue, canvass for a thing, with accusative, χειροτονίαν Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, μνηστευόμενος ἄρχειν ἑκόντων Refs 1st c.AD+ —also in middle, μ. πόλεμον, διαλλαγάς, Refs 1st c.AD+
IV λόγον μ. τινί pass off a speech upon a person, hawk it to him, Refs 5th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| mnēsteuirantauμνηστευθείσης | happened · of, belonging toaorist passive participle genitive singular feminine | betrothed | 1× |
| mnēsteuorēntanἐμνηστευμένην | has happened · objectperfect middle or passive participle accusative singular feminine | engaged | 1× |
| mnēsteuorēntaἐμνηστευμένῃ | has happened · to, forperfect middle or passive participle dative singular feminine | engaged | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | mnēsteuomō | mnēsteuome | mnēsteuomē | mnēsteuomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | mnēsteuosō | mnēsteuose | mnēsteuosē | mnēsteuoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | mnēsteuotō | mnēsteuote | mnēsteuotē | mnēsteuotelē |
| we 1st person plural | mnēsteuonō | mnēsteuone | mnēsteuonē | mnēsteuonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | mnēsteuovō | mnēsteuove | mnēsteuovē | mnēsteuovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | mnēsteuolō | mnēsteuole | mnēsteuolē | mnēsteuolelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | mnēsteuimi | mnēsteuima |
| you 2nd person singular | mnēsteuisi | mnēsteuisa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | mnēsteuiti | mnēsteuita |
| we 1st person plural | mnēsteuini | mnēsteuina |
| ye 2nd person plural | mnēsteuivi | mnēsteuiva |
| they 3rd person plural | mnēsteuili | mnēsteuila |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | mnēsteuomeiō | mnēsteuomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | mnēsteuoseiō | mnēsteuoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | mnēsteuoteiō | mnēsteuoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | mnēsteuoneiō | mnēsteuoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | mnēsteuoveiō | mnēsteuoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | mnēsteuoleiō | mnēsteuoleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | mnēsteuimeia |
| you 2nd person singular | mnēsteuiseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | mnēsteuiteia |
| we 1st person plural | mnēsteuineia |
| ye 2nd person plural | mnēsteuiveia |
| they 3rd person plural | mnēsteuileia |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | mnēsteuosōr | mnēsteuosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | mnēsteuotōr | mnēsteuotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | mnēsteuovōr | mnēsteuovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | mnēsteuolōr | mnēsteuolēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | mnēsteuisar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | mnēsteuitar |
| ye 2nd person plural | mnēsteuivar |
| they 3rd person plural | mnēsteuilar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | mnēsteuomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | mnēsteuosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | mnēsteuotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | mnēsteuonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | mnēsteuovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | mnēsteuoloiō |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | mnēsteuimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | mnēsteuisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | mnēsteuitoia |
| we 1st person plural | mnēsteuinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | mnēsteuivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | mnēsteuiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | mnēsteuorō | mnēsteuorē | ||
| acted on passive voice | mnēsteuiri | mnēsteuira |
Used as an adjective — participle, 3 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | mnēsteuorōntos | mnēsteuorēntos2× | ||
| acted on passive voice | mnēsteuirintos | mnēsteuirantos1× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
mnēsteu is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
3 occurrences, every one of them listed
mnēsteuirantau“betrothed”happened · of, belonging toaorist passive participle genitive singular feminine1×
Matthew 1:18“betrothed”… Iēsu christou tas genesias houtōs ate. mnēsteuirantau tau mētērau autou Mariau to Iōsēf, …… is how the birth of Jesus Christ came about: His mother Mary was pledged in marriage to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be with child through the Holy Spirit.
mnēsteuorēntan“engaged”has happened · objectperfect middle or passive participle accusative singular feminine1×
Luke 1:27“engaged”pros parthenan mnēsteuorēntan andro ho onomem Iōsēf ek oikou …to a virgin pledged in marriage to a man named Joseph, who was of the house of David …
mnēsteuorēnta“engaged”has happened · to, forperfect middle or passive participle dative singular feminine1×
Luke 2:5“engaged”apografera sun Mariam ta mnēsteuorēnta auto, arōnta enkua.… to register with Mary, who was pledged to him in marriage and was expecting a …