verb
paraitemō
Greekπαραιτέομαι (paraiteomai)
Strong’sG3868
I make excuse, refuse, reject
stem parait-12 times in the New Testamentin 7 of 27 books8 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
παρ-αιτέομαι, -οῦμαι,
[in LXX for בּקשׁ pi., etc.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G3868 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| paraitemōπαραιτοῦμαι | happening now · Ipresent middle indicative 1st person singular | escape | 1× |
| paraiteleπαρῃτοῦντο | was happening · theyimperfect middle indicative 3rd person plural | requested | 1× |
| paraitelaπαρῃτήσαντο | happened · theyaorist middle indicative 3rd person plural | begged | 1× |
| paraiteveiaπαραιτήσησθε | happened · yeaorist middle subjunctive 2nd person plural | refuse | 1× |
| paraitesōrπαραιτοῦ | happening now · youpresent middle imperative 2nd person singular | avoid | 4× |
| paraiterōπαραιτεῖσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle infinitive | make excuses | 1× |
| paraiteratoisπαραιτησάμενοι | happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative plural masculine | refused | 1× |
| paraitirētonπαρῃτημένον | has happened · objectperfect passive participle accusative singular masculine | excuse | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 3 occurrences
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | paraitemō1×παραιτοῦμαι | paraiteme | paraitemi | paraitema | paraitemē | paraitemelē |
| you 2nd person singular | paraitesō | paraitese | paraitesi | paraitesa | paraitesē | paraiteselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paraitetō | paraitete | paraiteti | paraiteta | paraitetē | paraitetelē |
| we 1st person plural | paraitenō | paraitene | paraiteni | paraitena | paraitenē | paraitenelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | paraitevō | paraiteve | paraitevi | paraiteva | paraitevē | paraitevelē |
| they 3rd person plural | paraitelō | paraitele1×παρῃτοῦντο | paraiteli | paraitela1×παρῃτήσαντο | paraitelē | paraitelelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | paraitimō | paraitime | paraitimi | paraitima | paraitimē | paraitimelē |
| you 2nd person singular | paraitisō | paraitise | paraitisi | paraitisa | paraitisē | paraitiselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paraititō | paraitite | paraititi | paraitita | paraititē | paraititelē |
| we 1st person plural | paraitinō | paraitine | paraitini | paraitina | paraitinē | paraitinelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | paraitivō | paraitive | paraitivi | paraitiva | paraitivē | paraitivelē |
| they 3rd person plural | paraitilō | paraitile | paraitili | paraitila | paraitilē | paraitilelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 1 occurrence
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | paraitemeiō | paraitemeia | paraitemeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | paraiteseiō | paraiteseia | paraiteseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paraiteteiō | paraiteteia | paraiteteiē |
| we 1st person plural | paraiteneiō | paraiteneia | paraiteneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | paraiteveiō | paraiteveia1×παραιτήσησθε | paraiteveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | paraiteleiō | paraiteleia | paraiteleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | paraitimeiō | paraitimeia | paraitimeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | paraitiseiō | paraitiseia | paraitiseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paraititeiō | paraititeia | paraititeiē |
| we 1st person plural | paraitineiō | paraitineia | paraitineiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | paraitiveiō | paraitiveia | paraitiveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | paraitileiō | paraitileia | paraitileiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 4 occurrences
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | paraitesōr4×παραιτοῦ | paraitesar | paraitesēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paraitetōr | paraitetar | paraitetēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | paraitevōr | paraitevar | paraitevēr |
| they 3rd person plural | paraitelōr | paraitelar | paraitelēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | paraitisōr | paraitisar | paraitisēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paraititōr | paraititar | paraititēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | paraitivōr | paraitivar | paraitivēr |
| they 3rd person plural | paraitilōr | paraitilar | paraitilēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | paraitemoiō | paraitemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | paraitesoiō | paraitesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paraitetoiō | paraitetoia |
| we 1st person plural | paraitenoiō | paraitenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | paraitevoiō | paraitevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | paraiteloiō | paraiteloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | paraitimoiō | paraitimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | paraitisoiō | paraitisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paraititoiō | paraititoia |
| we 1st person plural | paraitinoiō | paraitinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | paraitivoiō | paraitivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | paraitiloiō | paraitiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on or for itself middle voice | paraiterō1×παραιτεῖσθαι | paraiteri | paraitera | paraiterē |
| acted on passive voice | paraitirō | paraitiri | paraitira | paraitirē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 3 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on or for itself middle voice | paraiterōtos | paraiteritos | paraiteratos1× | paraiterētos |
| acted on passive voice | paraitirōtos | paraitiritos | paraitiratos | paraitirētos2× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
parait is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
12 occurrences, every one of them listed
paraitemō“escape”happening now · Ipresent middle indicative 1st person singular1×
Acts 25:11“escape”ei men oun adikamō kai axiem thanatou prassamē tinem, ouk paraitemō tem apothnēskara; ei de oudenem atō heiu houtois katēgoralō mu, oudenos min dunetō autoi charizera; Kaisaron epikalemō.If, however, I am guilty of anything worthy of death, I do not refuse to die. But if there is no truth to their accusations against me, no one has the right to hand me over to them. I appeal to Caesar!”
paraitele“requested”was happening · theyimperfect middle indicative 3rd person plural1×
Mark 15:6“requested”Kata de heortan apoluate autoi henon desmion hon paraitele.Now it was Pilate’s custom at the feast to release to the people a prisoner of their choosing.
paraitela“begged”happened · theyaorist middle indicative 3rd person plural1×
Hebrews 12:19“begged”kai salpinxau ēcho kai fōna rēmeiu, hau tois akouaratois paraitela mē prostithira autoi logon;to a trumpet blast or to a voice that made its hearers beg that no further word be spoken.
paraiteveia“refuse”happened · yeaorist middle subjunctive 2nd person plural1×
Hebrews 12:25“refuse”Blepavōr mē paraiteveia ton lalarōton; ei gar ekeinois ouk ekfeugala epi gēau paraiteratois ton chrēmatizarōton, pollem mallon nis tois ton apo ouranoiu apostrefirōtois;See to it that you do not refuse Him who speaks. For if the people did not escape when they refused Him who warned them on earth, how much less will we escape if we reject Him who warns us from heaven?
paraitesōr“avoid”happening now · youpresent middle imperative 2nd person singular4×
1 Timothy 4:7“have nothing to do with”toin de bebēloin kai graōdoin muthoin paraitesōr. gumnazasōr de siauton pros eusebeian;But reject irreverent, silly myths. Instead, train yourself for godliness.
1 Timothy 5:11“refuse”neoterain de chērain paraitesōr; hotan gar katastrēnialeia tou Christou, gamarō thelalō,But refuse to enroll younger widows. For when their passions draw them away from Christ, they will want to marry,
2 Timothy 2:23“avoid”tain de mōrain kai apaideutain zētēsiain paraitesōr, horarētos hoti gennalō machain;But reject foolish and ignorant speculation, for you know that it breeds quarreling.
Titus 3:10“reject”hairetikon anthrōpon meta henan kai deuteran nouthesian paraitesōr,Reject a divisive man after a first and second admonition,
paraiterō“make excuses”happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle infinitive1×
Luke 14:18“make excuses”kai archela apo henau pantois paraiterō. tos prōtos legata auto; Agron agorazama kai echamō anankan exercharatos horara auton; erōtamō sin, echasōr min paraitirēton.But one after another they all began to make excuses. The first one said, ‘I have bought a field, and I need to go see it. Please excuse me.’
paraiteratois“refused”happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative plural masculine1×
Hebrews 12:25“refused”Blepavōr mē paraiteveia ton lalarōton; ei gar ekeinois ouk ekfeugala epi gēau paraiteratois ton chrēmatizarōton, pollem mallon nis tois ton apo ouranoiu apostrefirōtois;See to it that you do not refuse Him who speaks. For if the people did not escape when they refused Him who warned them on earth, how much less will we escape if we reject Him who warns us from heaven?
paraitirēton“excuse”has happened · objectperfect passive participle accusative singular masculine2×
Luke 14:18“excused”kai archela apo henau pantois paraiterō. tos prōtos legata auto; Agron agorazama kai echamō anankan exercharatos horara auton; erōtamō sin, echasōr min paraitirēton.But one after another they all began to make excuses. The first one said, ‘I have bought a field, and I need to go see it. Please excuse me.’
Luke 14:19“excuse”kai heteros legata; Zeugeim bouoiu agorazama pente kai poreuemō dokimazara auteim; erōtamō sin, echasōr min paraitirēton.Another said, ‘I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I am going to try them out. Please excuse me.’