verb
paroxunomō
Strong’sG3947
I provoke, irritate
stem paroxun-2 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books2 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
παρ-οξύνω,
[in LXX for נאץ, קצף, רגז, etc.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G3947 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
perfect infinitive παρωξυκέναι Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, perfect παρώξυμμαι Refs 5th c.BC+:—urge, spur on, stimulate, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ζεύγη πρὸς τὸ ἔργον Refs 4th c.BC+; τινα with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἀποτρέπω, Refs 4th c.BC+
2 provoke, irritate, πατρὸς μὴ π. φρένας Refs 5th c.BC+; ξὺν κατηγορίᾳ π. Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be provoked, τινι at a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπό τινος Lys. [prev. cited]; κατὰ τῶν πολιτῶν Refs 4th c.BC+infinitive, τίς οὐκ ἂν παροξυνθείη πολεμεῖ; Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, of sicknesses, growvirulent, π. οἱ πυρετοί Refs 5th c.BC+
3 make an application stronger, Refs 2nd c.AD+
II ={παροξυτονέω}, Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, Refs 2nd c.AD+
III intransitive, hasten. Refs
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| paroxunotōπαροξύνεται | happening now · he/she/itpresent middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular | provoked | 1× |
| paroxunoteπαρωξύνετο | was happening · he/she/itimperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular | provoked | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 54, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 2 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | paroxunomō | paroxunome | paroxunomē | paroxunomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | paroxunosō | paroxunose | paroxunosē | paroxunoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paroxunotō1×παροξύνεται | paroxunote1×παρωξύνετο | paroxunotē | paroxunotelē |
| we 1st person plural | paroxunonō | paroxunone | paroxunonē | paroxunonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | paroxunovō | paroxunove | paroxunovē | paroxunovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | paroxunolō | paroxunole | paroxunolē | paroxunolelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | paroxunomeiō | paroxunomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | paroxunoseiō | paroxunoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paroxunoteiō | paroxunoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | paroxunoneiō | paroxunoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | paroxunoveiō | paroxunoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | paroxunoleiō | paroxunoleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | paroxunosōr | paroxunosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paroxunotōr | paroxunotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | paroxunovōr | paroxunovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | paroxunolōr | paroxunolēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | paroxunomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | paroxunosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | paroxunotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | paroxunonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | paroxunovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | paroxunoloiō |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | paroxunorō | paroxunorē |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | paroxunorōntos | paroxunorēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
paroxun is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
2 occurrences, every one of them listed
paroxunotō“provoked”happening now · he/she/itpresent middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
1 Corinthians 13:5“provoked”… aschēmonatō, ouk zētatō teim heautau, ouk paroxunotō, ouk logizotō tem kakosem,… is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no account of wrongs.
paroxunote“provoked”was happening · he/she/itimperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 17:16“provoked”… tai Athēnai ekdechorōntou autoin tou Paulou, paroxunote tem pneumem autou en auto theōrarōntou …While Paul was waiting for them in Athens, he was deeply disturbed in his spirit to see …