verb
peristēamō
Strong’sG4026
I stand around, avoid, shun
stem peristē-4 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books3 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
περι-ίστημι (Rec. ΐστημι),
[in LXX: Jos 6:3 (סבב), II Ki 13:31 (נצב ni.), I Ki 4:16, Ep. Je 37, Jth 5:22, II Mac 14:9*;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4026 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
in the transitive tenses (with perfect περιέστᾰκα Refs 5th c.BC+, place round, π. τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ Refs 5th c.BC+
2 bring round, ὁ δῆμος εἰς ἑαυτὸν περιέστησε τὴν πολιτείαν Refs 5th c.BC+.with; εἰς τοσοῦτον π. τινά, ὥστε.. Refs 4th c.BC+; especially into a worse state, εἰς τοῦθ᾽ ἡ τύχη τὰ πράγματα αὐτῶν περιέστησεν ὥστε.. Refs 5th c.BC+; οἴκους εἰς πενίαν π. Refs 2nd c.AD+; convert, εἰς τὸ περιφερὲς [τὸν ἀέρα] Refs 4th c.BC+; transfer, π. τὰς ἑαυτοῦ συμφορὰς εἴς τινα Refs 4th c.BC+
II in aorist 1 middle, place round oneself, ξυστοφόρων κύκλον Refs 5th c.BC+
B passive and middle, with aorist 2 (aorist 1, see.below Refsperfect, and pluperfect active:—stand round about, περίστησαν γὰρ ἑταῖροι Refs 8th c.BC+; κῦμα περιστάθη a wave rose around (Epic dialect aorist passive), Refs 8th c.BC+; οἱ περιεστῶτες the bystanders, Refs 5th c.BC+
B.2 with accusative objecti, encircle, surround, χορὸν περιίσταθ᾽ ὅμιλος Refs 8th c.BC+; βοῦν δὲ περιστήσαντο (perhaps περίστησάν τε)Refs 8th c.BC+; μή πώς με περιστήωσ᾽ ἕνα πολλοί (Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural subjunctive aorist 2 for -στῶσι) that their numbers surround me not, Refs 8th c.BC+
B.3 with dative, περιισταμένους τῇ κλίνῃ Refs 5th c.BC+: mostly metaphorically, come round to one, ἡμῖν.. ἀδοξία τὸ πλέον ἢ ἔπαινος περιέστη Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀνάγκη π. τινί, with infinitive, Refscircumstances, mostly bad, τὰ περιεστηκότα πράγματα Refs 5th c.BC+
B.II come round, revolve, κύκλῳ Refs 4th c.BC+; of winds, ἐκ τῶν ἀπαρκτίων εἰς θρασκίας Refs; of Time, περιισταμένης τῆς ὥρας Refs 5th c.BC+
B.II.2 come round to, devolve upon, περιειστήκει ὑποψία ἐς τὸν Ἀλκιβιάδην Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς ὀλίγους ἡμᾶς περιέστη [ἡ στατίων] Refs 2nd c.AD+
B.II.3 of events, come round, turn out, especially for the worse, ἐξ ἀρρωστίης π. τινὶ ἐς ὕδερον Refs 5th c.BC+ became dropsical, Refs; ἐς τοῦτο περιέστη ἡ τύχη fortune was so completely reversed, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὐναντίον περιέστη αὐτῷ it turned out quite contrary for him, Refs 5th c.BC+; φιλεῖ ἐς τύχας τὰ πολλὰ περιίστασθαι come to be dependent on chances, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐνταῦθα τὰ πράγματα π. ὥστε.. Refs 5th c.BC+; περιέστηκεν εἰς τοῦτο ὥστε.. Refs 4th c.BC+: with infinitive, περιειστήκει τοῖς βοηθείας δεήσεσθαι δοκοῦσιν αὐτοὺς βοηθεῖν ἑτέροις Refs 5th c.BC+: with participle, περιέστηκεν ἡ πρότερον σωφροσύνη νῦν ἀβουλία φαινομένη Refs 5th c.BC+
B.III later, go round so as to avoid, shun, τὰς ἁμαρτίας Refs 5th c.BC+ (though he censures this usage, Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ μοναρχικόνNT+2nd c.AD+; π. μὴ.. to be afraid lest.., Refs 1st c.AD+; sneak round, Refs 5th c.BC+; circumvent, τοὺς λογιστάς Mitteis Refs 2nd c.AD+:—so in passive, περιεσταμένης τῆς λογοθεσίας Refs 2nd c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| peristēalaπεριέστησαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | stood around | 1× |
| peristēosōrπεριΐστασο | happening now · youpresent middle or passive imperative 2nd person singular | avoid | 2× |
| peristēarēntonπεριεστῶτα | has happened · objectperfect active participle accusative singular masculine | standing around | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 140, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peristēamō | peristēame | peristēami | peristēama | peristēamē | peristēamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | peristēasō | peristēase | peristēasi | peristēasa | peristēasē | peristēaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peristēatō | peristēate | peristēati | peristēata | peristēatē | peristēatelē |
| we 1st person plural | peristēanō | peristēane | peristēani | peristēana | peristēanē | peristēanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peristēavō | peristēave | peristēavi | peristēava | peristēavē | peristēavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | peristēalō | peristēale | peristēali | peristēala1×περιέστησαν | peristēalē | peristēalelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peristēomō | peristēome | peristēomē | peristēomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | peristēosō | peristēose | peristēosē | peristēoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peristēotō | peristēote | peristēotē | peristēotelē |
| we 1st person plural | peristēonō | peristēone | peristēonē | peristēonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peristēovō | peristēove | peristēovē | peristēovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | peristēolō | peristēole | peristēolē | peristēolelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peristēameiō | peristēameia | peristēameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | peristēaseiō | peristēaseia | peristēaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peristēateiō | peristēateia | peristēateiē |
| we 1st person plural | peristēaneiō | peristēaneia | peristēaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peristēaveiō | peristēaveia | peristēaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | peristēaleiō | peristēaleia | peristēaleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peristēomeiō | peristēomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | peristēoseiō | peristēoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peristēoteiō | peristēoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | peristēoneiō | peristēoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peristēoveiō | peristēoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | peristēoleiō | peristēoleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 2 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | peristēasōr | peristēasar | peristēasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peristēatōr | peristēatar | peristēatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | peristēavōr | peristēavar | peristēavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | peristēalōr | peristēalar | peristēalēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | peristēosōr2×περιΐστασο | peristēosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peristēotōr | peristēotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | peristēovōr | peristēovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | peristēolōr | peristēolēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peristēamoiō | peristēamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | peristēasoiō | peristēasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peristēatoiō | peristēatoia |
| we 1st person plural | peristēanoiō | peristēanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | peristēavoiō | peristēavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | peristēaloiō | peristēaloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peristēomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | peristēosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peristēotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | peristēonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | peristēovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | peristēoloiō |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | peristēarō | peristēari | peristēara | peristēarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | peristēorō | peristēorē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | peristēarōntos | peristēarintos | peristēarantos | peristēarēntos1× |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | peristēorōntos | peristēorēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
peristē is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
4 occurrences, every one of them listed
peristēala“stood around”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Acts 25:7paragenerantou de autou peristēala auton tois apo Hierosolumeiu katabainarēntois Ioudaiois, …… who had come down from Jerusalem stood around him, bringing many serious charges that …
peristēosōr“avoid”happening now · youpresent middle or passive imperative 2nd person singular2×
2 Timothy 2:16tain de bebēlain kenofōniain peristēosōr; epi polloterem gar prokoptali asebeiau,But avoid irreverent, empty chatter, which will only …
Titus 3:9… genealogiain kai eridain kai machain nomikain peristēosōr, alō gar anōfelais kai mataiais.But avoid foolish controversies, genealogies, arguments, and quarrels …
peristēarēnton“standing around”has happened · objectperfect active participle accusative singular masculine1×
John 11:42“standing around”… akouasō; alla dia ton ochlon ton peristēarēnton legama, hina pisteualeia hoti sis min …… You always hear Me, but I say this for the benefit of the people standing here, so they may believe that You sent Me.”