verb
plamō
Strong’sG4126
I sail
stem pl-6 times in the New Testamentin 3 of 27 books6 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
πλέω,
[in LXX, seq. εἰς, Jon.1.3 (בּוֹא), I Es 4:23, Is 42:10; seq. ἐπί, IV Mac 7:3; c. acc. (poët.), Si 43:24, I Mac 13:29 (cf. Ac 27:2, Rec.)*;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4126 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidpleh'-o
to pass in a vessel
Fromprobably a form of G4150 (through the idea of plunging through the water);
King Jamessail.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Epic dialect πλείω Refs 8th c.BC+: Epic dialect imperfect ἀπ-έπλειον Refs: also Epic dialect and Ionic dialect πλώω (see. below): Attic dialect contraction imperative πλεῖ Refs 5th c.BC+: future πλεύσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+, found in codices of Refs 5th c.BC+; Doric dialect πλευσοῦμαι Refs 3rd c.BC+; but 3rd.pers. plural πλεύσονται Refs 3rd c.BC+; πλεύσω Refs 4th c.BC+, etc.: aorist 1 ἔπλευσα Refs 4th c.BC+, etc.: perfect πέπλευκα Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, future πλευσθήσομαι (περι-) Refs 2nd c.AD+aorist ἐπλεύσθηνRefs 2nd c.AD+: perfect πέπλευσμαι Refs 8th c.BC+present, imperfect, and future πλεύσομαι (see. above).—Of the Ionic dialect πλώω, Refs 8th c.BC+participle ἐπι-πλώωνRefs: imperfect πλῶον Refs 8th c.BC+; also shortened aorist ἔπλων, ως, ω, participle πλώς, in the compounds ἀπ-έπλω, ἐπ-έπλως, participle ἐπιπλώς, παρέπλ; and Refs 8th c.BC+ has ἐπ-έπλω; the present, imperfect, and future forms occur as variants in Refs 5th c.BC+, infinitive πλώειν Refs, participle πλωούσας Refsimperfect ἔπλωονRefs; Iterat. πλώεσκον Refs 4th c.AD+future πλώσομαι (ἀπο-) Refs 5th c.BC+; but the aorist 1 forms are read in Refs 5th c.BC+; infinitive πλῶσαι Refs; participle πλώσας Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect παρα-πέπλωκα Refs 5th c.BC+; πέπλωκα occurs Refs 5th c.BC+—Only εε and εει are contracted in Attic dialect (πλέει is falsa lectio in Refs 8th c.BC+ as monosyllable, πλέων ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον Refs 8th c.BC+:—sail, go by sea, Λακεδαίμονος ἐξ ἐρατεινῆς Refs 8th c.BC+; π. ἐπὶ [σῖτον] to fetch it, Refs; μετὰ [νάκος] Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐν τῇ θαλάττῃRefs 8th c.BC+ sail the watery ways, Refs 8th c.BC+ —passive, τὸ πεπλευσμένον [πέλαγος] Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ γῆς μὴ πλεῖν when on land do not be at sea, i.e. avoid the hazards of tax-farming, etc., Refs 4th c.BC+
II of ships, Refs 8th c.BC+
II.2 of other things, swim, float, τεύχεα καλὰ.. πλῶον καὶ νέκυες Refs 8th c.BC+
II.3 to be conveyed by sea, [σκῦλα] πλέοντα Refs 5th c.BC+
II.4 metaphorically, ταύτης ἔπι πλέοντες ὀρθῆς while [the ship of] our country bearing us is on an even keel, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδ᾽ ὅπως ὀρθὴ πλεύσεται (i.e. ἡ πόλις) προείδετο Refs 5th c.BC+ cf. Sanskrit plávate 'float', 'swim', Latin pluit; with πλω- cf. Gothic flōdus 'river', 'flood', ORefs 5th c.BC+ flćwan 'flow'.)
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| planeἐπλέομεν | was happening · weimperfect active indicative 1st person plural | sailed | 1× |
| plarōπλεῖν | happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive | sail | 1× |
| plarōntosπλέων | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine | travel by ship | 1× |
| plarōntemπλέον | happening now · objectpresent active participle direct singular neuter | sailing | 1× |
| plarōntoinπλέοντας | happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural masculine | sailing | 1× |
| plarōntoiuπλεόντων | happening now · of, belonging topresent active participle genitive plural masculine | sailing | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | plamō | plame | plami | plama | plamē | plamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | plasō | plase | plasi | plasa | plasē | plaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | platō | plate | plati | plata | platē | platelē |
| we 1st person plural | planō | plane1×ἐπλέομεν | plani | plana | planē | planelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | plavō | plave | plavi | plava | plavē | plavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | plalō | plale | plali | plala | plalē | plalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | plameiō | plameia | plameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | plaseiō | plaseia | plaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | plateiō | plateia | plateiē |
| we 1st person plural | planeiō | planeia | planeiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | plaveiō | plaveia | plaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | plaleiō | plaleia | plaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | plasōr | plasar | plasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | platōr | platar | platēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | plavōr | plavar | plavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | plalōr | plalar | plalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | plamoiō | plamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | plasoiō | plasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | platoiō | platoia |
| we 1st person plural | planoiō | planoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | plavoiō | plavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | plaloiō | plaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | plarō1×πλεῖν | plari | plara | plarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 4 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | plarōntos4×πλέων | plarintos | plarantos | plarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
pl is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
6 occurrences, every one of them listed
plane“sailed”was happening · weimperfect active indicative 1st person plural1×
Acts 21:3… tan Kupran kai kataleiparantois autan euōnuman plane eis Surian, kai katerchana eis Turan, …… and passing south of it, we sailed on to Syria and landed at …
plarō“sail”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive1×
Acts 27:2epibainarantois de ploie Adramuttēne mellarōnte plarō eis toin kata tan Asian topoin …… boarded an Adramyttian ship about to sail for ports along the coast of …
plarōntos“travel by ship”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine1×
Revelation 18:17“travel by ship”… kubernētos kai pantos tos epi topon plarōntos, kai nautois kai hosois tan thalassan …… destroyed!” Every shipmaster, passenger, and sailor, and all who make their living from the sea, will stand …
plarōntem“sailing”happening now · objectpresent active participle direct singular neuter1×
Acts 27:6kakei heuriskarantos tos hekatontarchēos ploiem Alexandrinem plarōntem eis tan Italian embibazata nin eis …… the centurion found an Alexandrian ship sailing for Italy and put us on …
plarōntoin“sailing”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural masculine1×
Acts 27:24“sailing”… charizotē si tos theos pantoin toin plarōntoin meta su.… And look, God has granted you the lives of all who sail with you.’
plarōntoiu“sailing”happening now · of, belonging topresent active participle genitive plural masculine1×
Luke 8:23“sailing”plarōntoiu de autoiu afupnata. kai katabainata lailapas …As they sailed, He fell asleep, and a windstorm came down on the lake, so that the boat was being swamped, and they were …