verb
pleonazamō
Strong’sG4121
I abound, increase
stem pleonaz-9 times in the New Testamentin 6 of 27 books7 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
πλεονάζω
(< πλέον), [in LXX for עדף, רבה, etc.;]
SYN.: περισσεύω, q.v.
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4121 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidpleh-on-ad'-zo
to do, make or be more, i.e. increase (transitively or intransitively); by extension, to superabound
Fromfrom G4119;
King Jamesabound, abundant, make to increase, have over.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
(rarely πλειονάζω, which see), future -άσω: perfect πεπλεόνακα Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, perfect -ασμαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist -άσθηνRefs: (πλέον):—to be more, especially to be more than enough, superfluous, opposed to ἐλλείπειν, ὑπολείπειν, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ πλεονάζον the excess, LXX+3rd c.BC+; π. παρά with accusative, to be in excess of..,LXX+NT; of animals, have more than the due number of limbs, opposed to κολοβὰ γίνεσθαι, Refs 4th c.BC+; of visits, to be frequent, Refs 2nd c.BC+; of the sea, encroach, Refs 4th c.BC+; πάθος defined as ὁρμὴ πλεονάζουσα, Refs 4th c.BC+; εἰκασία ἐστὶ μεταφορὰ πλεονάζουσα simile is expanded metaphor, Refs 4th c.BC+used to excess, Refs 1st c.BC+: Grammars, to be redundant, Refs 2nd c.BC+; also of letters, τὸ ε ¯ πλεονάζει (in ἑ-ώρων) Refs; but π. τῷ ῑ to have an added ῑ (as in ἐμεῖο), Refs
2 with genitive, exceed, opposed to λείπω, Refs 2nd c.AD+ the extra work, Refs 3rd c.BC+; τοὺς -άζοντας τῶν ρκέ (i.e. ἐρίφους) the odd Refs 3rd c.BC+
II of persons, go beyond bounds, take or claim too much, Refs 5th c.BC+: with dative, presume upon.., εὐτυχίᾳ Refs 5th c.BC+go beyond bounds in.., Refs 1st c.BC+; of a writer, τοῖς ὀνόμασι π. Refs: absolutely, to be lengthy, tedious, LXX+1st c.BC+; περί τινος Parmenisc. cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+
II.2 π. τινός have an excess of, abound in a thing, opposed to ἐνδεὴς εἶναι, Refs 4th c.BC+; but π. τοῦ καιροῦ exceed all bounds.., of a writer, Refs 1st c.BC+
III with accusative, state at a higher figure, Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, to be magnified, exaggerated, [νομίσειεν ἂν] ἔστιν ἃ πλεονάζεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; πεπλεόνασται has been overdone, opposed to ἐνδεὲς πεποίηται, Refs 5th c.BC+
III.2 make to increase, τινὰς τῇ ἀγάπῃ NT
III.3 eat in too great quantity, τι Refs 3rd c.BC+
III.4 raise the price of, τι Refs 2nd c.AD+
III.5 passive, to be deceived, probably falsa lectio for{πλεονεκτεῖσθαι}, Refs 5th c.AD+
III.6 Grammars, use in addition or redundantly, εἰώθασιν οἱ Ἀττικοὶ τὰ ἄρθρα πλεονάζειν Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, τὸ ῡ πλεοναζόμενον ψιλοῦταιRefs
III.7 to be in excess of unity, partake of plurality, Refs 5th c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| pleonazatōπλεονάζει | happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular | increasing | 1× |
| pleonazataἐπλεόνασεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | increased | 2× |
| pleonazateiaπλεονάσῃ | happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular | abound | 2× |
| pleonazatoiaπλεονάσαι | happened · he/she/itaorist active optative 3rd person singular | make … increase | 1× |
| pleonazarōntonπλεονάζοντα | happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculine | increases | 1× |
| pleonazarōnteimπλεονάζοντα | happening now · subjectpresent active participle direct plural neuter | increasing | 1× |
| pleonazarantasπλεονάσασα | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular feminine | extends | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 3 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | pleonazamō | pleonazame | pleonazami | pleonazama | pleonazamē | pleonazamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | pleonazasō | pleonazase | pleonazasi | pleonazasa | pleonazasē | pleonazaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | pleonazatō1×πλεονάζει | pleonazate | pleonazati | pleonazata2×ἐπλεόνασεν | pleonazatē | pleonazatelē |
| we 1st person plural | pleonazanō | pleonazane | pleonazani | pleonazana | pleonazanē | pleonazanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | pleonazavō | pleonazave | pleonazavi | pleonazava | pleonazavē | pleonazavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | pleonazalō | pleonazale | pleonazali | pleonazala | pleonazalē | pleonazalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 2 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | pleonazameiō | pleonazameia | pleonazameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | pleonazaseiō | pleonazaseia | pleonazaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | pleonazateiō | pleonazateia2×πλεονάσῃ | pleonazateiē |
| we 1st person plural | pleonazaneiō | pleonazaneia | pleonazaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | pleonazaveiō | pleonazaveia | pleonazaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | pleonazaleiō | pleonazaleia | pleonazaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | pleonazasōr | pleonazasar | pleonazasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | pleonazatōr | pleonazatar | pleonazatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | pleonazavōr | pleonazavar | pleonazavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | pleonazalōr | pleonazalar | pleonazalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | pleonazamoiō | pleonazamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | pleonazasoiō | pleonazasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | pleonazatoiō | pleonazatoia1×πλεονάσαι |
| we 1st person plural | pleonazanoiō | pleonazanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | pleonazavoiō | pleonazavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | pleonazaloiō | pleonazaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | pleonazarō | pleonazari | pleonazara | pleonazarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 3 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | pleonazarōntos2× | pleonazarintos | pleonazarantos1× | pleonazarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
pleonaz is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
9 occurrences, every one of them listed
pleonazatō“increasing”happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular1×
2 Thessalonians 1:3… hoti huperauxanatō tas pistias vu kai pleonazatō tas agapas henou hekastou pantoiu vu …… your love for one another is increasing.
pleonazata“increased”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular2×
Romans 5:20… hina pleonazateia tem paraptōmem; hou de pleonazata tas hamartas, huperperisseuata tas charitas,… trespass would increase; but where sin increased, grace increased all the more,
2 Corinthians 8:15“have too much”kathōs grafotē; Tos tem pollem ouk pleonazata, kai tos tem oligem ouk elattonata.As it is written: “He who gathered much had no excess, and he who gathered little had no …
pleonazateia“abound”happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular2×
Romans 5:20nomos de pareiserchata hina pleonazateia tem paraptōmem; hou de pleonazata tas …… in so that the trespass would increase; but where sin increased, grace increased …
Romans 6:1“abound”… epimenaneiō ta hamarta, hina tas charitas pleonazateia?… Shall we continue in sin so that grace may increase?
pleonazatoia“make … increase”happened · he/she/itaorist active optative 3rd person singular1×
1 Thessalonians 3:12vin de tos kurios pleonazatoia kai perisseuatoia ta agapa eis allēloin …… may the Lord cause you to increase and overflow with love for one …
pleonazarōnton“increases”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculine1×
Philippians 4:17“increases”… domem, alla epizētamō ton karpon ton pleonazarōnton eis logon vu.… seeking a gift, but I am looking for the fruit that may be credited to your account.
pleonazarōnteim“increasing”happening now · subjectpresent active participle direct plural neuter1×
2 Peter 1:8“increasing”houteim gar vi huparcharōnteim kai pleonazarōnteim ouk argoin oude akarpoin katastēatō eis …For if you possess these qualities and continue to grow in them, they will keep you from being ineffective and unproductive in your knowledge …
pleonazarantas“extends”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular feminine1×
2 Corinthians 4:15“extends”… panteim dia vin, hina tas charitas pleonazarantas dia toiu polloteroiu tan eucharistian perisseuateia …All this is for your benefit, so that the grace that is extending to more and more people may cause thanksgiving to overflow, to the glory of …