verb
thrēnamō
Strong’sG2354
I wail, lament
stem thrēn-4 times in the New Testamentin 3 of 27 books3 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
θρηνέω, -ῶ
(< θρῆνος), [in LXX chiefly for ילל hi., also for קין pil., etc.;]
SYN.: κλαίω, κόπτομαι, λυπέομαι, πενθέω (v. Tr., Syn., § lxv).
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2354 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidthray-neh'-o
to bewail
Fromfrom G2355;
King Jameslament, mourn.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
future -ήσωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist 1 -ησαRefs 5th c.BC+:—middle (see. below Refs: impersonal in perfect passive (see. below): (θρῆνος):—sing a dirge, wail, Μοῦσαι δ᾽ ἐννέα πᾶσαι ἀμειβόμεναι ὀπὶ καλῇ θρήνεον Refs 8th c.BC+; τίς ὁ θρηνήσω; Refs 4th c.BC+[same place]; τίς.. ἔσθ᾽ ὁ θρηνῶ; Refs 5th c.BC+ were singing a doleful dirge, Refs 8th c.BC+; γόον θ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ὕμνους, of the nightingale, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἅλις μοι τεθρήνηται γόοις Refs 5th c.BC+
2 c.accusative, bewail, θ. πόνους NT+5th c.BC+:—so also middle, ἄκος γὰρ οὐδὲν τόνδε θρηνεῖσθαι Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, to be lamented, Refs 5th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| thrēnaleἐθρήνουν | was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural | lamenting | 1× |
| thrēnaviθρηνήσετε | will happen · yefuture active indicative 2nd person plural | lament | 1× |
| thrēnanaἐθρηνήσαμεν | happened · weaorist active indicative 1st person plural | sang a dirge | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 4 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | thrēnamō | thrēname | thrēnami | thrēnama | thrēnamē | thrēnamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | thrēnasō | thrēnase | thrēnasi | thrēnasa | thrēnasē | thrēnaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | thrēnatō | thrēnate | thrēnati | thrēnata | thrēnatē | thrēnatelē |
| we 1st person plural | thrēnanō | thrēnane | thrēnani | thrēnana2×ἐθρηνήσαμεν | thrēnanē | thrēnanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | thrēnavō | thrēnave | thrēnavi1×θρηνήσετε | thrēnava | thrēnavē | thrēnavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | thrēnalō | thrēnale1×ἐθρήνουν | thrēnali | thrēnala | thrēnalē | thrēnalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | thrēnameiō | thrēnameia | thrēnameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | thrēnaseiō | thrēnaseia | thrēnaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | thrēnateiō | thrēnateia | thrēnateiē |
| we 1st person plural | thrēnaneiō | thrēnaneia | thrēnaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | thrēnaveiō | thrēnaveia | thrēnaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | thrēnaleiō | thrēnaleia | thrēnaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | thrēnasōr | thrēnasar | thrēnasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | thrēnatōr | thrēnatar | thrēnatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | thrēnavōr | thrēnavar | thrēnavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | thrēnalōr | thrēnalar | thrēnalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | thrēnamoiō | thrēnamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | thrēnasoiō | thrēnasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | thrēnatoiō | thrēnatoia |
| we 1st person plural | thrēnanoiō | thrēnanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | thrēnavoiō | thrēnavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | thrēnaloiō | thrēnaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | thrēnarō | thrēnari | thrēnara | thrēnarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | thrēnarōntos | thrēnarintos | thrēnarantos | thrēnarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
thrēn is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
4 occurrences, every one of them listed
thrēnale“lamenting”was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Luke 23:27“lamenting”… laou kai gunaikaiu hais koptole kai thrēnale auton.… number of people followed Him, including women who kept mourning and wailing for Him.
thrēnavi“lament”will happen · yefuture active indicative 2nd person plural1×
John 16:20“lament”… amēn legamō vi hoti klaiavi kai thrēnavi vis, tos de kosmos chairiti; vis …Truly, truly, I tell you, you will weep and wail while the world rejoices. You will grieve …
thrēnana“sang a dirge”happened · weaorist active indicative 1st person plural2×
Matthew 11:17legalō; Aulana vi kai ouk orcheva; thrēnana kai ouk kopteva;… and you did not dance; we sang a dirge, and you did not mourn.’
Luke 7:32… legatō; Aulana vi kai ouk orcheva; thrēnana kai ouk klaiava;… and you did not dance; we sang a dirge, and you did not weep.’