verb
thrēnamō
Greekθρηνέω (thrēneō)
Strong’sG2354
I wail, lament
stem thrēn-4 times in the New Testamentin 3 of 27 books3 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
θρηνέω, -ῶ
(< θρῆνος), [in LXX chiefly for ילל hi., also for קין pil., etc.;]
SYN.: κλαίω, κόπτομαι, λυπέομαι, πενθέω (v. Tr., Syn., § lxv).
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2354 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidthray-neh'-o
to bewail
Fromfrom G2355;
King Jameslament, mourn.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| thrēnaleἐθρήνουν | was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural | lamenting | 1× |
| thrēnaviθρηνήσετε | will happen · yefuture active indicative 2nd person plural | lament | 1× |
| thrēnanaἐθρηνήσαμεν | happened · weaorist active indicative 1st person plural | sang a dirge | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 4 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | thrēnamō | thrēname | thrēnami | thrēnama | thrēnamē | thrēnamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | thrēnasō | thrēnase | thrēnasi | thrēnasa | thrēnasē | thrēnaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | thrēnatō | thrēnate | thrēnati | thrēnata | thrēnatē | thrēnatelē |
| we 1st person plural | thrēnanō | thrēnane | thrēnani | thrēnana2×ἐθρηνήσαμεν | thrēnanē | thrēnanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | thrēnavō | thrēnave | thrēnavi1×θρηνήσετε | thrēnava | thrēnavē | thrēnavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | thrēnalō | thrēnale1×ἐθρήνουν | thrēnali | thrēnala | thrēnalē | thrēnalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | thrēnameiō | thrēnameia | thrēnameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | thrēnaseiō | thrēnaseia | thrēnaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | thrēnateiō | thrēnateia | thrēnateiē |
| we 1st person plural | thrēnaneiō | thrēnaneia | thrēnaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | thrēnaveiō | thrēnaveia | thrēnaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | thrēnaleiō | thrēnaleia | thrēnaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | thrēnasōr | thrēnasar | thrēnasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | thrēnatōr | thrēnatar | thrēnatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | thrēnavōr | thrēnavar | thrēnavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | thrēnalōr | thrēnalar | thrēnalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | thrēnamoiō | thrēnamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | thrēnasoiō | thrēnasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | thrēnatoiō | thrēnatoia |
| we 1st person plural | thrēnanoiō | thrēnanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | thrēnavoiō | thrēnavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | thrēnaloiō | thrēnaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | thrēnarō | thrēnari | thrēnara | thrēnarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | thrēnarōtos | thrēnaritos | thrēnaratos | thrēnarētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
thrēn is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
4 occurrences, every one of them listed
thrēnale“lamenting”was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Luke 23:27“lamenting”Akolouthate de auto pollem plēthem tou laou kai gunaikaiu hais koptele kai thrēnale auton.A great number of people followed Him, including women who kept mourning and wailing for Him.
thrēnavi“lament”will happen · yefuture active indicative 2nd person plural1×
John 16:20“lament”amēn amēn legamō vi hoti klaiavi kai thrēnavi vis, tos de kosmos chairiti; vis lupivi, alla tas lupas vu eis charan gineti.Truly, truly, I tell you, you will weep and wail while the world rejoices. You will grieve, but your grief will turn to joy.
thrēnana“sang a dirge”happened · weaorist active indicative 1st person plural2×
Matthew 11:17“sang a dirge”legalō; Aulana vi kai ouk orcheva; thrēnana kai ouk kopteva;‘We played the flute for you, and you did not dance; we sang a dirge, and you did not mourn.’
Luke 7:32“sang a dirge”homoiois alō paidiei tei en agora katherōtei kai prosfōnarōtei allēloi, heim legatō; Aulana vi kai ouk orcheva; thrēnana kai ouk klaiava;They are like children sitting in the marketplace and calling out to one another: ‘We played the flute for you, and you did not dance; we sang a dirge, and you did not weep.’