verb
apologomō
Strong’sG626
I give a defense, defend myself
stem apolog-10 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books8 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
ἀπολογέομαι, -οῦμαι
(< ἀπό, λόγος), [in LXX: Je 12:1 (ויבperhaps a misspelling of ריב #7378) 38 (31):6, II Mac 13:26*;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G626 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidap-ol-og-eh'-om-ahee
to give an account (legal plea) of oneself, i.e. exculpate (self)
Frommiddle voice from a compound of G575 and G3056;
King Jamesanswer (for self), make defence, excuse (self), speak for self.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
aorist ἀπελογησάμηνRefs 5th c.BC+; also aorist passive ἀπελογήθηνRefs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἀπολελόγημαιRefs 5th c.BC+:—speak in defence, defend oneself, opposed to κατηγορεῖν, περί τινος about a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς τὴν μαρτυρίαν in reference or answer to the evidence, Refs 5th c.BC+before.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ὑπέρ τινος speak in another's behalf, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ὑπέρ τινος speak in support of a fact, Refs 5th c.BC+; πρὸς Μέλητον in answer to him, Refs 5th c.BC+the defendant, Refs 5th c.BC+
2 with accusative of things, defend oneself against, ἀ. τὰς διαβολάςRefs 5th c.BC+; τὰς πράξεις defend what one has done, Refs 4th c.BC+
3 ἀ. τι ἔς τι allege in one's defence against a charge, Refs 5th c.BC+
4 ἀ. δίκην θανάτου speak against sentence of death passing on one, Refs 5th c.BC+ —Prose word, used once in Trag., see above—The _preposition_ ἀπό implies the remoual of a charge.
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| apologomōἀπολογοῦμαι | happening now · Ipresent middle or passive indicative 1st person singular | make … defense | 1× |
| apologonōἀπολογούμεθα | happening now · wepresent middle or passive indicative 1st person plural | defending | 1× |
| apologoteἀπελογεῖτο | was happening · he/she/itimperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular | defend | 1× |
| apologeveiaἀπολογήσησθε | happened · yeaorist middle subjunctive 2nd person plural | defend | 1× |
| apologorōἀπολογεῖσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive | make a defense | 2× |
| apologiraἀπολογηθῆναι | happened · the “to …” formaorist passive infinitive | defense | 1× |
| apologorōntouἀπολογουμένου | happening now · of, belonging topresent middle or passive participle genitive singular masculine | said in his defense | 2× |
| apologorōntoiuἀπολογουμένων | happening now · of, belonging topresent middle or passive participle genitive plural masculine | excuse | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 118, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 3 occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apologomō1×ἀπολογοῦμαι | apologome | apologomē | apologomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | apologosō | apologose | apologosē | apologoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologotō | apologote1×ἀπελογεῖτο | apologotē | apologotelē |
| we 1st person plural | apologonō1×ἀπολογούμεθα | apologone | apologonē | apologonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologovō | apologove | apologovē | apologovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | apologolō | apologole | apologolē | apologolelē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apologemi | apologema |
| you 2nd person singular | apologesi | apologesa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologeti | apologeta |
| we 1st person plural | apologeni | apologena |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologevi | apologeva |
| they 3rd person plural | apologeli | apologela |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apologimi | apologima |
| you 2nd person singular | apologisi | apologisa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologiti | apologita |
| we 1st person plural | apologini | apologina |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologivi | apologiva |
| they 3rd person plural | apologili | apologila |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 1 occurrence
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apologomeiō | apologomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | apologoseiō | apologoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologoteiō | apologoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | apologoneiō | apologoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologoveiō | apologoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | apologoleiō | apologoleiē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apologemeia |
| you 2nd person singular | apologeseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologeteia |
| we 1st person plural | apologeneia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologeveia1×ἀπολογήσησθε |
| they 3rd person plural | apologeleia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apologimeia |
| you 2nd person singular | apologiseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologiteia |
| we 1st person plural | apologineia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologiveia |
| they 3rd person plural | apologileia |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apologosōr | apologosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologotōr | apologotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologovōr | apologovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | apologolōr | apologolēr |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apologesar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologetar |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologevar |
| they 3rd person plural | apologelar |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apologisar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologitar |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologivar |
| they 3rd person plural | apologilar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apologomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | apologosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | apologonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | apologoloiō |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apologemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | apologesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologetoia |
| we 1st person plural | apologenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | apologeloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apologimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | apologisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apologitoia |
| we 1st person plural | apologinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apologivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | apologiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 3 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | apologorō2×ἀπολογεῖσθαι | apologorē | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | apologeri | apologera | ||
| acted on passive voice | apologiri | apologira1×ἀπολογηθῆναι |
Used as an adjective — participle, 3 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | apologorōntos3× | apologorēntos | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | apologerintos | apologerantos | ||
| acted on passive voice | apologirintos | apologirantos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
apolog is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
10 occurrences, every one of them listed
apologomō“make … defense”happening now · Ipresent middle or passive indicative 1st person singular1×
Acts 24:10… houte epistorōntos euthumōs teim peri miautou apologomō,… nation for many years, I gladly make my defense.
apologonō“defending”happening now · wepresent middle or passive indicative 1st person plural1×
2 Corinthians 12:19“defending”Palai dokavō hoti vi apologonō? katenanti theou en Christo lalanō. teim …… you been thinking all along that we were making a defense to you? We speak before God in Christ, and all …
apologote“defend”was happening · he/she/itimperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 26:1“defend”… tote tos Paulos ekteinarantos tan cheiran apologote;… for yourself.” Then Paul stretched out his hand and began …
apologeveia“defend”happened · yeaorist middle subjunctive 2nd person plural1×
Luke 12:11… exousiain, mē merimnaveia pōs ē tinem apologeveia ē tinem legaveia;… do not worry about how to defend yourselves or what to say.
apologorō“make a defense”happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive2×
Acts 19:33“make a defense”… de Alexandros kataseiarantos tan cheiran thelate apologorō to dēmo.… explain himself, and he motioned for silence so he could make his defense to the people.
Acts 26:2“make my defense”… miauton makarion epi su mellarōntos sēmeron apologorō,… I consider myself fortunate to stand before you today to defend …
apologira“defense”happened · the “to …” formaorist passive infinitive1×
Luke 21:14“defense”… en tai kardiai vu mē promeletarō apologira,… make up your mind not to worry …
apologorōntou“said in his defense”happening now · of, belonging topresent middle or passive participle genitive singular masculine2×
Acts 25:8“said in his defense”tou Paulou apologorōntou hoti Oute eis ton nomon toiu …Then Paul made his defense: “I have committed no offense against the law of the Jews or …
Acts 26:24Houteim de autou apologorōntou tos Fēstos mega ta fōna fēatō; …At this stage of Paul’s defense, Festus exclaimed in a loud voice, “You are insane …
apologorōntoiu“excuse”happening now · of, belonging topresent middle or passive participle genitive plural masculine1×
Romans 2:15“excuse”… allēloiu toiu logismoiu katēgorarōntoiu ē kai apologorōntoiu,… and their thoughts either accusing or defending them