verb
enkalomō
Strong’sG1458
I bring a charge against, accuse
stem enkal-7 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books6 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
ἐγκαλέω, -ῶ,
[in LXX for אמר, etc.; c. dat., Za 1:4 (קָרָא אֶל), Wi 12:12, Si 46:19;]
SYN.: αἰτιάομαι (q.v.), διαβάλλω, ἐπικαλέω, κατηγορέω.
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G1458 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saideng-kal-eh'-o
to call in (as a debt or demand), i.e. bring to account (charge, criminate, etc.)
King Jamesaccuse, call in question, implead, lay to the charge.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
call in a debt, Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, demand as one's due, ἀργύριον Refs 5th c.BC+
2 invoke, τὴν τῶν θεῶν ἰατρείαν Refs 1st c.BC+
II bring a charge or accusation against a person:—Constr.: with dative person et accusative of things, charge something against one, φόνους ἐ. τινί Refs 5th c.BC+; χόλον κατ᾽ αὐτῶν ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, ἐστὶν ἃ ἐνεκάλει τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις παραβαίνειν τὰς σπονδάς Refs 5th c.BC+: with participle, ἐ. αὐτοῖς ἀμελοῦσιν Refs 5th c.BC+: frequently with dative person only, accuse, Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative of things only, bring as a charge, εἴ τι ἄλλο ἐνεκάλουν Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ νεῖκος ἐγκαλεῖν throw the blame of quarrel on another, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ἐγκαλεῖται τῇ τύχῃ a charge is brought against.., Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ ἐγκεκλημένα charges, Refs 2nd c.BC+: also with person. construction, ἐγκαλεῖσθαι ὑπέρ τινος Refs 1st c.BC+ — _Locrian dialect_ participle ἐγκαλείμενος may be either middle or passive, Refs
II.2 as lawterm, prosecute, take proceedings against, οὔτ᾽ ἐγκαλοῦντες οὔτ᾽ ἐγκαλούμενοι Refs 5th c.BC+
II.3 object, with accusative et infinitive, Refs 1st c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| enkalomōἐγκαλοῦμαι | happening now · Ipresent middle or passive indicative 1st person singular | accused | 2× |
| enkalaleἐνεκάλουν | was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural | accusing | 1× |
| enkalatiἐγκαλέσει | will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular | bring … charge | 1× |
| enkalalōrἐγκαλείτωσαν | happening now · theypresent active imperative 3rd person plural | bring charges | 1× |
| enkalorōἐγκαλεῖσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive | charged | 1× |
| enkalorōntonἐγκαλούμενον | happening now · objectpresent middle or passive participle accusative singular masculine | accused | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 140, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 4 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | enkalamō | enkalame | enkalami | enkalama | enkalamē | enkalamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | enkalasō | enkalase | enkalasi | enkalasa | enkalasē | enkalaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | enkalatō | enkalate | enkalati1×ἐγκαλέσει | enkalata | enkalatē | enkalatelē |
| we 1st person plural | enkalanō | enkalane | enkalani | enkalana | enkalanē | enkalanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | enkalavō | enkalave | enkalavi | enkalava | enkalavē | enkalavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | enkalalō | enkalale1×ἐνεκάλουν | enkalali | enkalala | enkalalē | enkalalelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | enkalomō2×ἐγκαλοῦμαι | enkalome | enkalomē | enkalomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | enkalosō | enkalose | enkalosē | enkaloselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | enkalotō | enkalote | enkalotē | enkalotelē |
| we 1st person plural | enkalonō | enkalone | enkalonē | enkalonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | enkalovō | enkalove | enkalovē | enkalovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | enkalolō | enkalole | enkalolē | enkalolelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | enkalameiō | enkalameia | enkalameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | enkalaseiō | enkalaseia | enkalaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | enkalateiō | enkalateia | enkalateiē |
| we 1st person plural | enkalaneiō | enkalaneia | enkalaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | enkalaveiō | enkalaveia | enkalaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | enkalaleiō | enkalaleia | enkalaleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | enkalomeiō | enkalomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | enkaloseiō | enkaloseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | enkaloteiō | enkaloteiē |
| we 1st person plural | enkaloneiō | enkaloneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | enkaloveiō | enkaloveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | enkaloleiō | enkaloleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | enkalasōr | enkalasar | enkalasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | enkalatōr | enkalatar | enkalatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | enkalavōr | enkalavar | enkalavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | enkalalōr1×ἐγκαλείτωσαν | enkalalar | enkalalēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | enkalosōr | enkalosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | enkalotōr | enkalotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | enkalovōr | enkalovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | enkalolōr | enkalolēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | enkalamoiō | enkalamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | enkalasoiō | enkalasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | enkalatoiō | enkalatoia |
| we 1st person plural | enkalanoiō | enkalanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | enkalavoiō | enkalavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | enkalaloiō | enkalaloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | enkalomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | enkalosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | enkalotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | enkalonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | enkalovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | enkaloloiō |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | enkalarō | enkalari | enkalara | enkalarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | enkalorō1×ἐγκαλεῖσθαι | enkalorē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | enkalarōntos | enkalarintos | enkalarantos | enkalarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | enkalorōntos1× | enkalorēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
enkal is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
7 occurrences, every one of them listed
enkalomō“accused”happening now · Ipresent middle or passive indicative 1st person singular2×
Acts 26:2Peri panteiu heiu enkalomō hupo Ioudaioiu, basilevor Agrippor, hēgomē miauton …… to defend myself against all the accusations of the Jews,
Acts 26:7… latreuarōntem elpizatō katantara; peri hau elpidau enkalomō hupo Ioudaioiu, basilevor;… hope, O king, that I am accused by the Jews.
enkalale“accusing”was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Acts 23:28“accusing”… tē epignōskara tan aitian dia han enkalale auto, katagama eis tem sunedriem autoiu.and since I wanted to understand their charges against him, I brought him down to their Sanhedrin.
enkalati“bring … charge”will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Romans 8:33tinos enkalati kata eklektoiu theou? theos tos dikaiarōntos;Who will bring any charge against God’s elect? It is God …
enkalalōr“bring charges”happening now · theypresent active imperative 3rd person plural1×
Acts 19:38… logon, agoraiais agolō kai anthupatois alō, enkalalōr allēloi.… and proconsuls are available. Let them bring charges against one another there.
enkalorō“charged”happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive1×
Acts 19:40kai gar kinduneuanō enkalorō stasiau peri tau sēmeron mēdeneu aitieu …… we are in jeopardy of being charged with rioting for today’s events, and …
enkalorōnton“accused”happening now · objectpresent middle or passive participle accusative singular masculine1×
Acts 23:29“accused”hon heuriskama enkalorōnton peri zētēmeiu tou nomou autoiu, mēdenem …I found that the accusation involved questions about their own law, but there was no charge worthy …