verb
katagnōskamō
Strong’sG2607
I condemn, blame
stem katagnōsk-3 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books2 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
κατα-γινώσκω
(v.s. γινώσκω), [in LXX: De 25:1 (רשׁע hi.), Pr 28:11 (חקר), Si 14:2 19:5*;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2607 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Ionic dialect and later καταγηρ-γῑνώσκω, future -γνώσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+:—remark, observe, especially something to one's prejudice, with genitive person:
I generally, καταγνοὺς τοῦ γέροντος τοὺς τρόπους having observed his foibles, Refs 5th c.BC+; πολλήν γέ μου δυστυχίαν κατέγνωκας I have been very unfortunate by your way of it, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐκ ἐπιτήδεα κατά τινος κ. having formed unfavourable prejudices against one, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, of an unfavourable judgement, κ. ἑαυτοῦ μὴ περιέσεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ despising us because.. Refs 5th c.BC+: with participle, κ. τινὰ πράττοντα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be judged unfavourably, lightly esteemed, παρολιγωρεῖσθαι καὶ καταγινώσκεσθαι Refs 2nd c.BC+; κατεγνωσμένος despised, Refs 2nd c.AD+
II with accusative criminis, lay as a charge against a person, κ. ἑωυτῶν ἀνανδρείην Refs 5th c.BC+; δειλίαν, δωροδοκίαν κ. τινός, Refs 5th c.BC+; πολλὴν μανίαν, μωρίαν, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, καταγνωσθεὶς δειλίαν being convicted of cowardice, Refs 1st c.BC+self-condemned, NT
II.2 with genitive criminis, παρανόμων κ. τινός Refs 4th c.BC+ pronounce a verdict of murder against.. , Legal cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; μὴ καταγιγνώσκωμεν τὸ (perhaps τοῦ) μηδὲν εἰρηκέναι τὸν ἀποφηνάμενον Refs 5th c.BC+
II.3 with infinitive, κ. σφῶν αὐτῶν, ἑαυτοῦ ἀδικεῖν, charge oneself with.. , Refs 5th c.BC+ —so in passive, καταγνωσθεὶς νεώτερα πρήσσειν being suspected of doing, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. αὐθέντης (i.e. εἶναι) Refs 5th c.BC+; to be detected, ἔν τινι Refs 3rd c.AD+; also κατέγνωσται μελίκρητον ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ὡς καταγυιοῖ τοὺς πίνοντας Refs 5th c.BC+
II.4 with genitive person only, condemn, τοῦ ἀνθρώπου Refs 5th c.BC+
III with accusative poenae, give judgement or sentence against a person, κ. τινὸς θάνατον pass sentence of death on one, Refs 5th c.BC+; Μηδισμοῦ κ. τινὸς θάνατον for Medism, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, κ. αὐτοῦ ἀποτεῖσαι τὰ Χρήματα Refs 4th c.BC+; later θάνατον, φυγὴν κ. κατά τινος, Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, θάνατός τινος κατέγνωστο Refs 5th c.BC+ they were condemned, Refs 5th c.BC+
III.2 decide a suit, δίκην Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, Refs 5th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| katagnōskateiōκαταγινώσκῃ | happening now · he/she/itpresent active subjunctive 3rd person singular | condemn | 2× |
| katagnōskorēntosκατεγνωσμένος | has happened · subjectperfect middle or passive participle nominative singular masculine | condemned | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 140, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | katagnōskamō | katagnōskame | katagnōskami | katagnōskama | katagnōskamē | katagnōskamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | katagnōskasō | katagnōskase | katagnōskasi | katagnōskasa | katagnōskasē | katagnōskaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katagnōskatō | katagnōskate | katagnōskati | katagnōskata | katagnōskatē | katagnōskatelē |
| we 1st person plural | katagnōskanō | katagnōskane | katagnōskani | katagnōskana | katagnōskanē | katagnōskanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | katagnōskavō | katagnōskave | katagnōskavi | katagnōskava | katagnōskavē | katagnōskavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | katagnōskalō | katagnōskale | katagnōskali | katagnōskala | katagnōskalē | katagnōskalelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | katagnōskomō | katagnōskome | katagnōskomē | katagnōskomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | katagnōskosō | katagnōskose | katagnōskosē | katagnōskoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katagnōskotō | katagnōskote | katagnōskotē | katagnōskotelē |
| we 1st person plural | katagnōskonō | katagnōskone | katagnōskonē | katagnōskonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | katagnōskovō | katagnōskove | katagnōskovē | katagnōskovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | katagnōskolō | katagnōskole | katagnōskolē | katagnōskolelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 2 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | katagnōskameiō | katagnōskameia | katagnōskameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | katagnōskaseiō | katagnōskaseia | katagnōskaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katagnōskateiō2×καταγινώσκῃ | katagnōskateia | katagnōskateiē |
| we 1st person plural | katagnōskaneiō | katagnōskaneia | katagnōskaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | katagnōskaveiō | katagnōskaveia | katagnōskaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | katagnōskaleiō | katagnōskaleia | katagnōskaleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | katagnōskomeiō | katagnōskomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | katagnōskoseiō | katagnōskoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katagnōskoteiō | katagnōskoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | katagnōskoneiō | katagnōskoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | katagnōskoveiō | katagnōskoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | katagnōskoleiō | katagnōskoleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | katagnōskasōr | katagnōskasar | katagnōskasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katagnōskatōr | katagnōskatar | katagnōskatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | katagnōskavōr | katagnōskavar | katagnōskavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | katagnōskalōr | katagnōskalar | katagnōskalēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | katagnōskosōr | katagnōskosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katagnōskotōr | katagnōskotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | katagnōskovōr | katagnōskovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | katagnōskolōr | katagnōskolēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | katagnōskamoiō | katagnōskamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | katagnōskasoiō | katagnōskasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katagnōskatoiō | katagnōskatoia |
| we 1st person plural | katagnōskanoiō | katagnōskanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | katagnōskavoiō | katagnōskavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | katagnōskaloiō | katagnōskaloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | katagnōskomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | katagnōskosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katagnōskotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | katagnōskonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | katagnōskovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | katagnōskoloiō |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | katagnōskarō | katagnōskari | katagnōskara | katagnōskarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | katagnōskorō | katagnōskorē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | katagnōskarōntos | katagnōskarintos | katagnōskarantos | katagnōskarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | katagnōskorōntos | katagnōskorēntos1×κατεγνωσμένος |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
katagnōsk is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
3 occurrences, every one of them listed
katagnōskateiō“condemn”happening now · he/she/itpresent active subjunctive 3rd person singular2×
1 John 3:20“condemns”hoti ean katagnōskateiō nu tas kardias, hoti megoteros atō …Even if our hearts condemn us, God is greater than our …
1 John 3:21agapētoir, ean tas kardias mē katagnōskateiō nu, parrēsian echanō pros ton theon,Beloved, if our hearts do not condemn us, we have confidence before God,
katagnōskorēntos“condemned”has happened · subjectperfect middle or passive participle nominative singular masculine1×
Galatians 2:11… Antiocheian, kata prosōpem auto antistēama, hoti katagnōskorēntos ate;… to his face, because he stood condemned.