verb
katastrefamō
Strong’sG2690
I overturn, overthrow
stem katastref-2 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books1 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
κατα-στρέφω,
[in LXX for הפךְ, etc., Ge 19:21, Je 20:16, al.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2690 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
perfect κατέστραφα (transitive) Refs 2nd c.BC+ —passive, future - Refs 2nd c.AD+: perfect imperative Refs 3rd c.BC+ (see. below): pluperfect 3rd.person etc for 1st.person, 2nd.person singular -έστραπτο Refs 2nd c.AD+:— turn down, trample on, Refs; turn the soil, Refs 5th c.BC+ turn it upside down, so as to drain it, LXX+4th c.BC+.
II upset, overturn, Refs 6th c.BC+; ruin, undo, Refs 2nd c.BC+; τινα Refs 1st c.AD+ —passive, Refs 2nd c.AD+.
II.2 middle, subject to oneself, subdue, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς μὲν κατεστρέψατο ἐς φόρου ἀπαγωγήν subdued and made them tributary, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, Refs.
II.3 passive, in aorist and perfect, to be subdued, Refs: pluperfect, Refs 5th c.BC+: c.infinitive, ἀκούειν σοῦ κατέστραμμαι am constrained to hear, Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect passive also in sense of middle, Refs 5th c.BC+
III of a floating solid, right itself, Refs 3rd c.BC+
III.b intransitive, return, Refs 4th c.BC+
IV turn round, direct, [καταπάλτην] train it on the enemy, Refs 4th c.BC+; κατέστρεψεν εἰς φιλανθρωπίαν τοὺς λόγους guided the conversations to a friendly end, Refs 4th c.BC+: hence, bring to an end, κ. τὴν βίβλον, τὸν λόγον, Refs 3rd c.BC+: absolutely, come to an end, close, Refs 2nd c.BC+; especially end life, die, Refs 4th c.BC+ end in.., Refs 1st c.AD+; ἡ ἡμέρα κ. εἰς ὥραν δεκάτην inclines towards.., Refs
IV.2 Rhet., metaphorically, λέξις κατεστραμμένη periodic style, opposed to εἰρομένη, Refs 4th c.BC+
V screw or stretch tight, Refs 4th c.BC+.
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| katastrefataκατέστρεψεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | overturned | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 2 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | katastrefamō | katastrefame | katastrefami | katastrefama | katastrefamē | katastrefamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | katastrefasō | katastrefase | katastrefasi | katastrefasa | katastrefasē | katastrefaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katastrefatō | katastrefate | katastrefati | katastrefata2×κατέστρεψεν | katastrefatē | katastrefatelē |
| we 1st person plural | katastrefanō | katastrefane | katastrefani | katastrefana | katastrefanē | katastrefanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | katastrefavō | katastrefave | katastrefavi | katastrefava | katastrefavē | katastrefavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | katastrefalō | katastrefale | katastrefali | katastrefala | katastrefalē | katastrefalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | katastrefameiō | katastrefameia | katastrefameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | katastrefaseiō | katastrefaseia | katastrefaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katastrefateiō | katastrefateia | katastrefateiē |
| we 1st person plural | katastrefaneiō | katastrefaneia | katastrefaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | katastrefaveiō | katastrefaveia | katastrefaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | katastrefaleiō | katastrefaleia | katastrefaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | katastrefasōr | katastrefasar | katastrefasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katastrefatōr | katastrefatar | katastrefatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | katastrefavōr | katastrefavar | katastrefavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | katastrefalōr | katastrefalar | katastrefalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | katastrefamoiō | katastrefamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | katastrefasoiō | katastrefasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | katastrefatoiō | katastrefatoia |
| we 1st person plural | katastrefanoiō | katastrefanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | katastrefavoiō | katastrefavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | katastrefaloiō | katastrefaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | katastrefarō | katastrefari | katastrefara | katastrefarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | katastrefarōntos | katastrefarintos | katastrefarantos | katastrefarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
katastref is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
2 occurrences, every one of them listed
katastrefata“overturned”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular2×
Matthew 21:12… hiere kai tain trapezain toiu kollubistoiu katastrefata kai tain kathedrain toiu pōlarōntoiu tain …… were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers …
Mark 11:15… tain kathedrain toiu pōlarōntoiu tain peristerain katastrefata… were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers …