verb
sēmanamō
Strong’sG4591
I signify, indicate
stem sēman-6 times in the New Testamentin 3 of 27 books3 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
σημαίνω
(< σῆμα, a sign), [in LXX for רוּעַ hi., תָּקַע, etc.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4591 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidsay-mah'-ee-no
of uncertain derivation); to indicate
Fromfrom σῆμα (a mark;
King Jamessignify.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Refs 8th c.BC+; σᾱμαίνω, Refs: Ionic dialect imperfect σημαίνεσκον Refs 4th c.AD+: future σημᾰνῶ Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect -ᾰνέωRefs 8th c.BC+aorist ἐσήμηναRefs 5th c.BC+, Epic dialect σήμηνα Refs 8th c.BC+; but in codices of NT+5th c.BC+: perfect σεσήμαγκα Refs 4th c.BC+ —middle, future σημᾰνοῦμαι, Ionic dialect -έομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐσημηνάμην Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, future σημανθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: future middle in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐσημάνθην Refs 4th c.BC+: perfect σεσήμασμαι Refs 5th c.BC+; 3rd.pers. singular σεσήμανται Refs 5th c.BC+, infinitive σεσημάνθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: (σῆμα):—show by a sign, indicate, point out, τέρματα Refs 8th c.BC+; τοῦτον σημήνας after indicating the person, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. εὔδια πάντα (i.e. εἶναι) Refs 3rd c.BC+ —middle, πάντα σημαίνει you have all things shown you (?), Refs
2 absolutely, give signs, φθόγγος, φῶς σ., Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. καπνῷ make signal, Refs 5th c.BC+ in future with αὐτός, πλοῦς αὐτὸς σημανεῖ Refs; αὐτὸ σημανεῖ (without substantive) Refs
3 of the Delphic oracle, οὔτε λέγει οὔτε κρύπτει ἀλλὰ σημαίνει Refs 1st c.AD+; so of omens, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, σημαίνεσθαι διὰ τῶν ἐμπύρων Refs 1st c.AD+
4 in later Prose intransitive, appear, be manifest, Refs 4th c.BC+ (but passive in same sense,Refs 5th c.BC+
4.b σημαίνει impersonal, signs appear, Refs 4th c.BC+
II give a sign or signal to do a thing, or bid one do it, with dative person et infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+; give orders to, bear command over, with dative, πᾶσι δὲ σημαίνειν Refs 8th c.BC+; with genitive, στρατοῦ Refs 8th c.BC+: absolutely, give orders, ὁ δὲ σημαίνων ἐπέτελλεν Refs 8th c.BC+participle, σημαίνων,= σημάντωρ, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.2 in war or battle, give the signal of attack, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+ give a signal for retreat, Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+, signal is given, as τοῖσι Ἕλλησι ὡς ἐσήμηνε when signal was given for the Greeks to attack, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, ἐσήμαινε παραρτέεσθαι πάντα signal was given to make all ready, Refs 5th c.BC+; also σ. ἐπὶ πλόον πῦρ gives the signal for sailing, Refs 3rd c.AD+
II.3 generally, σ. [τῷ ἵππῳ] τι, προχωρεῖν σ. τῷ ἵππῳ, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.4 make signals, εἰς τὴν πόλιν Refs —passive, ἐσημάνθησαν προσπλέουσαιRefs
III signify, indicate, declare, φόνον Refs 5th c.BC+; by ὅτι.., Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. ὅπου.. NT+5th c.BC+: with participle, signify that a thing is, φρυκτοῦ φῶς.. σημαίνει μολόν Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ὁ σημαινόμενος δοῦλος the abovementioned slave, Refs 1st c.AD+it having been reported, Refs 2nd c.BC+
III.2 interpret, explain, Refs 5th c.BC+; tell, speak, Refs tell, Refs 5th c.BC+
III.3 of a writer, signify, indicate, ὅτι.. Refs 1st c.BC+; of words, sentences, etc., signify, mean, ταὐτὸν σημαίνει Refs 5th c.BC+; σημαίνοντα significant sounds, opposed to ἄσημα, Refs —passive, τὸ σημαινόμενον the sense, meaning of words, Refs 1st c.BC+; opposed to τὸ σημαῖνον, Refs 3rd c.BC+
B middle σημαίνομαι, give oneself a token, i.e. conclude from signs, conjecture, τὰ μὲν σημαίνομαι, τὰ δ᾽ ἐκπέπληγμαι Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄστροις σ. [τὰς πόλεις], proverbial in Refs 2nd c.AD+; of dogs hunting, μυξωτῆρσι σ. τι Refs 3rd c.AD+
B.II provide with a sign or mark, seal, σημαίνεσθαι βύβλῳ (i.e. βοῦν), i.e. by sealing a strip of byblus round his horn, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, εὖ σεσημάνθαι to be well sealed up, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ σεσημασμένα, opposed to τὰ ἀσήμαντα, Refs 5th c.BC+
B.II.2 mark out, choose for oneself, τοὺς εὐρωστοτάτους Refs 2nd c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| sēmanataἐσήμανεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | predicted | 2× |
| sēmanaraσημᾶναι | happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive | indicate | 1× |
| sēmanarōntosσημαίνων | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine | indicate | 3× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 2 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sēmanamō | sēmaname | sēmanami | sēmanama | sēmanamē | sēmanamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | sēmanasō | sēmanase | sēmanasi | sēmanasa | sēmanasē | sēmanaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sēmanatō | sēmanate | sēmanati | sēmanata2×ἐσήμανεν | sēmanatē | sēmanatelē |
| we 1st person plural | sēmananō | sēmanane | sēmanani | sēmanana | sēmananē | sēmananelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sēmanavō | sēmanave | sēmanavi | sēmanava | sēmanavē | sēmanavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | sēmanalō | sēmanale | sēmanali | sēmanala | sēmanalē | sēmanalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sēmanameiō | sēmanameia | sēmanameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | sēmanaseiō | sēmanaseia | sēmanaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sēmanateiō | sēmanateia | sēmanateiē |
| we 1st person plural | sēmananeiō | sēmananeia | sēmananeiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sēmanaveiō | sēmanaveia | sēmanaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | sēmanaleiō | sēmanaleia | sēmanaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | sēmanasōr | sēmanasar | sēmanasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sēmanatōr | sēmanatar | sēmanatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | sēmanavōr | sēmanavar | sēmanavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | sēmanalōr | sēmanalar | sēmanalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sēmanamoiō | sēmanamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | sēmanasoiō | sēmanasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sēmanatoiō | sēmanatoia |
| we 1st person plural | sēmananoiō | sēmananoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | sēmanavoiō | sēmanavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | sēmanaloiō | sēmanaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | sēmanarō | sēmanari | sēmanara1×σημᾶναι | sēmanarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 3 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | sēmanarōntos3×σημαίνων | sēmanarintos | sēmanarantos | sēmanarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
sēman is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
6 occurrences, every one of them listed
sēmanata“predicted”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular2×
Acts 11:28… de henos ek autoiu onome Hagabos sēmanata dia teu pneumeu liman megan mellarō …… them named Agabus stood up and predicted through the Spirit that a great …
Revelation 1:1… heim datō genera en tache, kai sēmanata apostelarantos dia tou angelou autou to …… must soon come to pass. He made it known by sending His angel to His …
sēmanara“indicate”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive1×
Acts 25:27“indicate”… mē kai tain kata autou aitiain sēmanara.… without specifying the charges against him.”
sēmanarōntos“indicate”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine3×
John 12:33houtem de legate sēmanarōntos poio thanato mellate apothnēskarō.He said this to indicate the kind of death He was …
John 18:32“indicating”… logos tou Iēsu plēriteia hon legata sēmanarōntos poio thanato mellate apothnēskarō.This was to fulfill the word that Jesus had spoken to indicate the kind of death He was going to die.
John 21:19houtem de legata sēmanarōntos poio thanato doxazati ton theon. kai …Jesus said this to indicate the kind of death by which …