verb
sōfronamō
Strong’sG4993
I am sober-minded, exercise self-control
stem sōfron-6 times in the New Testamentin 6 of 27 books4 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
* σωφρονέω, -ῶ
(< σώφρων),
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4993 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidso-fron-eh'-o
to be of sound mind, i.e. sane, (figuratively) moderate
Fromfrom G4998;
King Jamesbe in right mind, be sober (minded), soberly.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
poetry σᾰοφ- Refs 2nd c.AD+:— to be sound of mind, NT+5th c.BC+
2 to be temperate, moderate, show self-control, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ σωφρονεῖν, ={σωφροσύνη}, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐς Ἀφροδίτην σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; of soldiers, σ. καὶ εὐτακτεῖνRefs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ὑπερφρονέω, NT: with a participle, πέμποντες σωφρονοῖμεν ἄν Refs 5th c.BC+
3 come to one's senses, learn moderation, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐ σωφρονήσει; Refs 5th c.BC+; σεσωφρονηκώς when he had recovered his senses, Refs 5th c.BC+
4 passive, τὰ σεσωφρονημένα ἐν τῷ βίῳ μοι things I had done with discretion, Refs 4th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| sōfronanōσωφρονοῦμεν | happening now · wepresent active indicative 1st person plural | in … rightmind | 1× |
| sōfronavarσωφρονήσατε | happened · yeaorist active imperative 2nd person plural | serious | 1× |
| sōfronarōσωφρονεῖν | happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive | sober judgment | 2× |
| sōfronarōntonσωφρονοῦντα | happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculine | in … rightmind | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sōfronamō | sōfroname | sōfronami | sōfronama | sōfronamē | sōfronamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | sōfronasō | sōfronase | sōfronasi | sōfronasa | sōfronasē | sōfronaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sōfronatō | sōfronate | sōfronati | sōfronata | sōfronatē | sōfronatelē |
| we 1st person plural | sōfronanō1×σωφρονοῦμεν | sōfronane | sōfronani | sōfronana | sōfronanē | sōfronanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sōfronavō | sōfronave | sōfronavi | sōfronava | sōfronavē | sōfronavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | sōfronalō | sōfronale | sōfronali | sōfronala | sōfronalē | sōfronalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sōfronameiō | sōfronameia | sōfronameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | sōfronaseiō | sōfronaseia | sōfronaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sōfronateiō | sōfronateia | sōfronateiē |
| we 1st person plural | sōfronaneiō | sōfronaneia | sōfronaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sōfronaveiō | sōfronaveia | sōfronaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | sōfronaleiō | sōfronaleia | sōfronaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | sōfronasōr | sōfronasar | sōfronasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sōfronatōr | sōfronatar | sōfronatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | sōfronavōr | sōfronavar1×σωφρονήσατε | sōfronavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | sōfronalōr | sōfronalar | sōfronalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sōfronamoiō | sōfronamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | sōfronasoiō | sōfronasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sōfronatoiō | sōfronatoia |
| we 1st person plural | sōfronanoiō | sōfronanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | sōfronavoiō | sōfronavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | sōfronaloiō | sōfronaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | sōfronarō2×σωφρονεῖν | sōfronari | sōfronara | sōfronarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | sōfronarōntos2× | sōfronarintos | sōfronarantos | sōfronarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
sōfron is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Other words sharing the exact same stem — not merely related in meaning.
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
6 occurrences, every one of them listed
sōfronanō“in … rightmind”happening now · wepresent active indicative 1st person plural1×
2 Corinthians 5:13“in … rightmind”eite gar ekstēana, theo; eite sōfronanō, vi.If we are out of our mind, it is for God; if we are of sound mind, it is for you.
sōfronavar“serious”happened · yeaorist active imperative 2nd person plural1×
1 Peter 4:7“serious”Panteiu de tem telem engizatē. sōfronavar oun kai nēfavar eis proseuchain;The end of all things is near. Therefore be clear-minded and sober, so …
sōfronarō“sober judgment”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive2×
Romans 12:3… datō fronarō, alla fronarō eis tem sōfronarō, hekasto hōs tos theos merizata metrem …… ought, but think of yourself with sober judgment, according to the measure of faith …
Titus 2:6Toin neoteroin hōsautōs parakalasōr sōfronarō;… urge the younger men to be self-controlled.
sōfronarōnton“in … rightmind”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculine2×
Mark 5:15… theōralō ton daimonizorōnton kathorōnton himatizorēnton kai sōfronarōnton, ton echarēnton ton legiōnon, kai fobila.… of demons sitting there, clothed and in his right mind; and they were …
Luke 8:35… hou teim daimoneim exerchata himatizorēnton kai sōfronarōnton para toin podoin tou Iēsu, kai …… sitting at Jesus’ feet, clothed and in his right mind; and they were …