verb
sumpnigamō
Strong’sG4846
I choke utterly, crowd upon
stem sumpnig-5 times in the New Testamentin 3 of 27 books5 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
* συν-πνίγω (Rec. συμπ-),
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4846 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
press closely, of crowds, τινα NT; σ. τὸ σπέρμα choke it, NT:—passive, δένδρα συμπνιγόμενα Refs 4th c.BC+; οἱ ἄνθρακες συμπνίγονται are damped down, Refs 5th c.BC+
2 in passive, to be drowned, of the Gadarene swine, Refs 3rd c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| sumpnigatōσυμπνίγει | happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular | choke | 1× |
| sumpnigalōσυμπνίγουσιν | happening now · theypresent active indicative 3rd person plural | choke | 1× |
| sumpnigolōσυμπνίγονται | happening now · theypresent middle or passive indicative 3rd person plural | choked | 1× |
| sumpnigaleσυνέπνιγον | was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural | pressing | 1× |
| sumpnigalaσυνέπνιξαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | choked | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 140, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 5 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sumpnigamō | sumpnigame | sumpnigami | sumpnigama | sumpnigamē | sumpnigamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | sumpnigasō | sumpnigase | sumpnigasi | sumpnigasa | sumpnigasē | sumpnigaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sumpnigatō1×συμπνίγει | sumpnigate | sumpnigati | sumpnigata | sumpnigatē | sumpnigatelē |
| we 1st person plural | sumpniganō | sumpnigane | sumpnigani | sumpnigana | sumpniganē | sumpniganelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sumpnigavō | sumpnigave | sumpnigavi | sumpnigava | sumpnigavē | sumpnigavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | sumpnigalō1×συμπνίγουσιν | sumpnigale1×συνέπνιγον | sumpnigali | sumpnigala1×συνέπνιξαν | sumpnigalē | sumpnigalelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sumpnigomō | sumpnigome | sumpnigomē | sumpnigomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | sumpnigosō | sumpnigose | sumpnigosē | sumpnigoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sumpnigotō | sumpnigote | sumpnigotē | sumpnigotelē |
| we 1st person plural | sumpnigonō | sumpnigone | sumpnigonē | sumpnigonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sumpnigovō | sumpnigove | sumpnigovē | sumpnigovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | sumpnigolō1×συμπνίγονται | sumpnigole | sumpnigolē | sumpnigolelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sumpnigameiō | sumpnigameia | sumpnigameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | sumpnigaseiō | sumpnigaseia | sumpnigaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sumpnigateiō | sumpnigateia | sumpnigateiē |
| we 1st person plural | sumpniganeiō | sumpniganeia | sumpniganeiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sumpnigaveiō | sumpnigaveia | sumpnigaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | sumpnigaleiō | sumpnigaleia | sumpnigaleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sumpnigomeiō | sumpnigomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | sumpnigoseiō | sumpnigoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sumpnigoteiō | sumpnigoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | sumpnigoneiō | sumpnigoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | sumpnigoveiō | sumpnigoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | sumpnigoleiō | sumpnigoleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | sumpnigasōr | sumpnigasar | sumpnigasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sumpnigatōr | sumpnigatar | sumpnigatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | sumpnigavōr | sumpnigavar | sumpnigavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | sumpnigalōr | sumpnigalar | sumpnigalēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | sumpnigosōr | sumpnigosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sumpnigotōr | sumpnigotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | sumpnigovōr | sumpnigovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | sumpnigolōr | sumpnigolēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sumpnigamoiō | sumpnigamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | sumpnigasoiō | sumpnigasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sumpnigatoiō | sumpnigatoia |
| we 1st person plural | sumpniganoiō | sumpniganoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | sumpnigavoiō | sumpnigavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | sumpnigaloiō | sumpnigaloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | sumpnigomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | sumpnigosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | sumpnigotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | sumpnigonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | sumpnigovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | sumpnigoloiō |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | sumpnigarō | sumpnigari | sumpnigara | sumpnigarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | sumpnigorō | sumpnigorē |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | sumpnigarōntos | sumpnigarintos | sumpnigarantos | sumpnigarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | sumpnigorōntos | sumpnigorēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
sumpnig is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
5 occurrences, every one of them listed
sumpnigatō“choke”happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Matthew 13:22… houtou kai tas apatas tou ploutou sumpnigatō ton logon, kai akarpos genotō.… life and the deceitfulness of wealth choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful.
sumpnigalō“choke”happening now · theypresent active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Mark 4:19… tais peri teim loipeim epithumiais eisporeuorōntais sumpnigalō ton logon, kai akarpos genotō.… for other things come in and choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful.
sumpnigolō“choked”happening now · theypresent middle or passive indicative 3rd person plural1×
Luke 8:14… ploutou kai hēdonaiu tou biou poreuorōntois sumpnigolō kai ouk telesforalō.… go on their way, they are choked by the worries, riches, and pleasures …
sumpnigale“pressing”was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Luke 8:42“pressing”… de te hupagarō auton tois ochlois sumpnigale auton.… As Jesus went with him, the crowds pressed around Him,
sumpnigala“choked”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Mark 4:7… akanthain, kai anabainala tais akanthais kai sumpnigala autem, kai karpon ouk dōata.… among thorns, which grew up and choked the seedlings, and they yielded no …