verb
apostrefamō
Strong’sG654
I turn away, restore, reject
stem apostref-9 times in the New Testamentin 7 of 27 books9 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
ἀπο-στρέφω,
[in LXX chiefly for שׁוּב;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G654 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Doric dialect aorist ἀποστράψαιRefs; Ionic dialect aorist ἀποστρέψασκεRefs 8th c.BC+: perfect ἀπέστροφαLXX:—passive and middle, future -στρέψομαιRefs 5th c.BC+aorist -εστράφην [ᾰRefs 5th c.BC+ later -εστρεψάμην LXX+5th c.BC+: future -στρᾰφήσομαιLXX: perfect -έστραμμαιRefs 5th c.BC+pluperfect -εστράφατοRefs; -έστρεμμαιRefs 3rd c.BC+: —turn back: hence, either turn to flight, ὄφρ᾽.. Ἀχαιοὺς αὖτις ἀποστρέψῃσινRefs 8th c.BC+; or turn back from flight, Refs 5th c.BC+; send home again, Refs 5th c.BC+; ῥῆμα bring back word, LXX; ἀποστρέψαντε πόδας καὶ χεῖρας having twisted back the hands and feet so as to bind them, Refs 8th c.BC+; guide back again, ἀποστρέψαντες ἔβαν νέαςRefs 8th c.BC+; ἴχνι᾽ ἀποστρέψας having turned the steps of the oxen backwards so as to make it appear that they had gone the other way, Refs; turn away, avert, αὐχέν᾽ ἀποστρέψαςRefs 6th c.BC+; bring back, recall, ἐξ ἰσθμοῦRefs 5th c.BC+; φῶτας ἀπέστρεψεν Περσεφόνης θαλάμων [Refs 5th c.BC+
2 turn away or aside, divert, variant in Refs 5th c.BC+; ὕδατα cut off water from a besieged town, Refs 3rd c.BC+; τὸν πόλεμον ἐς ΜακεδονίανRefs 2nd c.AD+; avert a danger, an evil, etc., πῆμ᾽ ἀ. νόσουRefs 4th c.BC+; prevent, Refs 1st c.AD+; rebut, δίκηνRefs 5th c.BC+
3 ἀ. τινά τινος dissuade from, Refs 5th c.BC+
II as if intransitive (i.e. ἑαυτόν, ἵππον, ναῦν, etc.), turn back, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.2 turn away or aside, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a river, Refs 5th c.BC+
B passive, to be turned back, ἀπεστράφθαι τοὺς ἐμβόλους, of ships, to have their beaks bent back, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀποστραφῆναι.. τὼ πόδε to have one's feet twisted, Refs 5th c.BC+closecurled, Refs 4th c.BC+
B.II middle and passive, turn oneself from or away, ἀπεστραμμέναι ἀπ᾽ ἀλλήλωνRefsback to back, Refs 2nd c.AD+
B.II.1 turn one's face away from, abandon, with accusative, Refs 7th c.BC+; ἀπεστραμμένοι λόγοι hostile words, Refs 5th c.BC+to be alienated, Refs 1st c.BC+
B.II.2 turn oneself about, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀποστραφῆναι λυγιζόμενος escape by wriggling, Refs 5th c.BC+
B.II.3 ἀποστραφῆναί τινος fall off from one, desert him, Refs 5th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| apostrefatiἀποστρέψει | will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular | turn away | 1× |
| apostrefaliἀποστρέψουσιν | will happen · theyfuture active indicative 3rd person plural | turn away | 1× |
| apostrefilaἀπεστράφησάν | happened · theyaorist passive indicative 3rd person plural | turned away from | 1× |
| apostrefiseiaἀποστραφῇς | happened · youaorist passive subjunctive 2nd person singular | turn away | 1× |
| apostrefasarἈπόστρεψον | happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular | put … back | 1× |
| apostrefarōἀποστρέφειν | happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive | turning | 1× |
| apostrefarōntonἀποστρέφοντα | happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculine | misleads | 1× |
| apostreforōntoisἀποστρεφόμενοι | happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine | reject | 1× |
| apostreforōntoiuἀποστρεφομένων | happening now · of, belonging topresent middle or passive participle genitive plural masculine | turn away | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 3 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apostrefamō | apostrefame | apostrefami | apostrefama | apostrefamē | apostrefamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefasō | apostrefase | apostrefasi | apostrefasa | apostrefasē | apostrefaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefatō | apostrefate | apostrefati1×ἀποστρέψει | apostrefata | apostrefatē | apostrefatelē |
| we 1st person plural | apostrefanō | apostrefane | apostrefani | apostrefana | apostrefanē | apostrefanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefavō | apostrefave | apostrefavi | apostrefava | apostrefavē | apostrefavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefalō | apostrefale | apostrefali1×ἀποστρέψουσιν | apostrefala | apostrefalē | apostrefalelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apostrefomō | apostrefome | apostrefomē | apostrefomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefosō | apostrefose | apostrefosē | apostrefoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefotō | apostrefote | apostrefotē | apostrefotelē |
| we 1st person plural | apostrefonō | apostrefone | apostrefonē | apostrefonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefovō | apostrefove | apostrefovē | apostrefovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefolō | apostrefole | apostrefolē | apostrefolelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apostrefimi | apostrefima |
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefisi | apostrefisa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefiti | apostrefita |
| we 1st person plural | apostrefini | apostrefina |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefivi | apostrefiva |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefili | apostrefila1×ἀπεστράφησάν |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apostrefameiō | apostrefameia | apostrefameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefaseiō | apostrefaseia | apostrefaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefateiō | apostrefateia | apostrefateiē |
| we 1st person plural | apostrefaneiō | apostrefaneia | apostrefaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefaveiō | apostrefaveia | apostrefaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefaleiō | apostrefaleia | apostrefaleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apostrefomeiō | apostrefomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefoseiō | apostrefoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefoteiō | apostrefoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | apostrefoneiō | apostrefoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefoveiō | apostrefoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefoleiō | apostrefoleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apostrefimeia |
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefiseia1×ἀποστραφῇς |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefiteia |
| we 1st person plural | apostrefineia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefiveia |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefileia |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefasōr | apostrefasar1×Ἀπόστρεψον | apostrefasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefatōr | apostrefatar | apostrefatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefavōr | apostrefavar | apostrefavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefalōr | apostrefalar | apostrefalēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefosōr | apostrefosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefotōr | apostrefotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefovōr | apostrefovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefolōr | apostrefolēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefisar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefitar |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefivar |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefilar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apostrefamoiō | apostrefamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefasoiō | apostrefasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefatoiō | apostrefatoia |
| we 1st person plural | apostrefanoiō | apostrefanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefavoiō | apostrefavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefaloiō | apostrefaloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apostrefomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | apostrefonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefoloiō |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apostrefimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | apostrefisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apostrefitoia |
| we 1st person plural | apostrefinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apostrefivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | apostrefiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | apostrefarō1×ἀποστρέφειν | apostrefari | apostrefara | apostrefarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | apostreforō | apostreforē | ||
| acted on passive voice | apostrefiri | apostrefira |
Used as an adjective — participle, 3 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | apostrefarōntos1× | apostrefarintos | apostrefarantos | apostrefarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | apostreforōntos2× | apostreforēntos | ||
| acted on passive voice | apostrefirintos | apostrefirantos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
apostref is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
9 occurrences, every one of them listed
apostrefati“turn away”will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Romans 11:26“turn away”… grafotē; Hēkati ek Siōn tos ruorōntos, apostrefati asebeiain apo Iakōb.… it is written: “The Deliverer will come from Zion; He will remove godlessness from Jacob.
apostrefali“turn away”will happen · theyfuture active indicative 3rd person plural1×
2 Timothy 4:4“turn away”… apo men tau alētheiau tan akoan apostrefali, epi de toin muthoin ektrapili.… turn their ears away from the truth and turn aside to myths.
apostrefila“turned away from”happened · theyaorist passive indicative 3rd person plural1×
2 Timothy 1:15“turned away from”Oidasē houtem hoti apostrefila min pantois tois en ta Asia, …You know that everyone in the province of Asia has deserted me, including Phygelus …
apostrefiseia“turn away”happened · youaorist passive subjunctive 2nd person singular1×
Matthew 5:42… ton thelarōnton apo su daneizera mē apostrefiseia.… who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to …
apostrefasar“put … back”happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular1×
Matthew 26:52tote legatō auto tos Iēsus; Apostrefasar tan machairan su eis ton topon …“Put your sword back in its place,” Jesus said to …
apostrefarō“turning”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive1×
Acts 3:26… apostelata auton eulogarōnton vin en te apostrefarō hekaston apo taiu ponēriaiu vu.… to you to bless you by turning each of you from your wicked …
apostrefarōnton“misleads”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculine1×
Luke 23:14“misleads”… Prosferava mi ton anthrōpon houton hōs apostrefarōnton ton laon, kai idou mis enōpion …… them, “You brought me this man as one who was inciting the people to rebellion. I have examined Him here in your presence and found Him …
apostreforōntois“reject”happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine1×
Hebrews 12:25… mallon nis tois ton apo ouranoiu apostreforōntois;… less will we escape if we reject Him who warns us from heaven?
apostreforōntoiu“turn away”happening now · of, belonging topresent middle or passive participle genitive plural masculine1×
Titus 1:14“turn away”… prosecharōntois Ioudaikoi muthoi kai entolai anthrōpoiu apostreforōntoiu tan alētheian.and will pay no attention to Jewish myths or to the commands of men who have rejected the truth.