verb
ekthambomō
Strong’sG1568
I am greatly astonished
stem ekthamb-4 times in the New Testament3 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
**† ἐκ-θαμβέω, -ῶ
(< ἔκθαμβος), [in LXX: Si 30:9 *;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G1568 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidek-tham-beh'-o
to astonish utterly
Fromfrom G1569;
King Jamesaffright, greatly (sore) amaze.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
to be amazed, Refs 5th c.AD+
II transitive, amaze, astonish, LXX:—passive, NT+2nd c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| ekthambilaἐξεθαμβήθησαν | happened · theyaorist passive indicative 3rd person plural | amazed | 2× |
| ekthambovōrἐκθαμβεῖσθε | happening now · yepresent middle or passive imperative 2nd person plural | alarmed | 1× |
| ekthamborōἐκθαμβεῖσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive | deeply distressed | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 2 occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekthambomō | ekthambome | ekthambomē | ekthambomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | ekthambosō | ekthambose | ekthambosē | ekthamboselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekthambotō | ekthambote | ekthambotē | ekthambotelē |
| we 1st person plural | ekthambonō | ekthambone | ekthambonē | ekthambonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekthambovō | ekthambove | ekthambovē | ekthambovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | ekthambolō | ekthambole | ekthambolē | ekthambolelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekthambimi | ekthambima |
| you 2nd person singular | ekthambisi | ekthambisa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekthambiti | ekthambita |
| we 1st person plural | ekthambini | ekthambina |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekthambivi | ekthambiva |
| they 3rd person plural | ekthambili | ekthambila2×ἐξεθαμβήθησαν |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekthambomeiō | ekthambomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | ekthamboseiō | ekthamboseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekthamboteiō | ekthamboteiē |
| we 1st person plural | ekthamboneiō | ekthamboneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekthamboveiō | ekthamboveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | ekthamboleiō | ekthamboleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekthambimeia |
| you 2nd person singular | ekthambiseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekthambiteia |
| we 1st person plural | ekthambineia |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekthambiveia |
| they 3rd person plural | ekthambileia |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | ekthambosōr | ekthambosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekthambotōr | ekthambotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekthambovōr1×ἐκθαμβεῖσθε | ekthambovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | ekthambolōr | ekthambolēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | ekthambisar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekthambitar |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekthambivar |
| they 3rd person plural | ekthambilar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekthambomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | ekthambosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekthambotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | ekthambonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekthambovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | ekthamboloiō |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekthambimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | ekthambisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekthambitoia |
| we 1st person plural | ekthambinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekthambivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | ekthambiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | ekthamborō1×ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι | ekthamborē | ||
| acted on passive voice | ekthambiri | ekthambira |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | ekthamborōntos | ekthamborēntos | ||
| acted on passive voice | ekthambirintos | ekthambirantos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
ekthamb is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Other words sharing the exact same stem — not merely related in meaning.
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
4 occurrences, every one of them listed
ekthambila“amazed”happened · theyaorist passive indicative 3rd person plural2×
Mark 9:15“amazed”… euthuos pantos tos ochlos horarantois auton ekthambila, kai prostrecharōntois aspazole auton.… as all the people saw Jesus, they were filled with awe and ran to greet Him.
Mark 16:5… tei dexei peribalorēnton stolan leukan, kai ekthambila.… the right side, and they were alarmed.
ekthambovōr“alarmed”happening now · yepresent middle or passive imperative 2nd person plural1×
Mark 16:6tos de legatō autai; Mē ekthambovōr; Iēsun zētavō ton Nazarēnon ton staurorēnton; …… said to them, “Do not be alarmed. You are looking for Jesus the …
ekthamborō“deeply distressed”happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle or passive infinitive1×
Mark 14:33“deeply distressed”… kai Iōannon meta autou, kai archeta ekthamborō kai adēmonarō,He took with Him Peter, James, and John, and began to be deeply troubled and distressed.