verb
epechamō
Strong’sG1907
I hold forth, pay attention, note, delay
stem epech-5 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books5 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
ἐπ-έχω
[in LXX for חָדַל, etc.; also Si 8:1 31(34):2, II Mac 5:25 9:25, al.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G1907 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidep-ekh'-o
to hold upon, i.e. (by implication) to retain; (by extension) to detain; (with implication, of G3563) to pay attention to
King Jamesgive (take) heed unto, hold forth, mark, stay.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
future ἐφέξω (see. infr. IV. Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐπέσχον, imperative ἐπίσχες, infinitive ἐπισχεῖ; poetry Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect Refs (Samos, 4th c.BC):—have or hold upon, θρῆνυν.., τῷ κεν ἐπισχοίης (variant{ἐπίσχοιας}) Refs 8th c.BC+ hold it to or for.., Refs 3rd c.BC+ holding it out like a torch, NTmiddle, hold by, Refs 3rd c.BC+.
II hold out to, present, offer, Refs 8th c.BC+; εἴ ποτέ τοι.. μαζὸν ἐπέσχον Refs 5th c.BC+ I offered not mother's food with my breast, Refs: with infinitive, Refs 6th c.BC+: absolutely, Refs —middle, ἐπισχόμενος (i.e. τὴν κύλικα) ἐξέπιεν having put it to his lips, Refs 7th c.BC+; present a sum of money, τῇ πόλει Refs
II.2 extend, spread out, Refs 4th c.BC+.
II.3 simply, hold, Refs; of writings, contain, Refs 2nd c.AD+
II.4 enjoin, impose a task, with dative person, Refs 6th c.AD+
III hold or direct towards, Refs 5th c.BC+:— middle, absolutely, ἐπισχόμενος βάλεν ἰῷ having aimed at him he hit him, Refs 8th c.BC+
III.b intransitive, aim at, attack, τί μοι ὧδ᾽ ἐπέχει; why thus launch out against me? Refs 8th c.BC+: with dative, ἀκτῇσιν ἐπέσχεθον held straight for the beach, Refs 5th c.BC+
III.2 ἐπέχειν τὴν διάνοιαν ἐπί τινι direct one's mind to a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; also ἐ. ἑαυτόν τινι attend to him, Refs 5th c.BC+
III.2.b absolutely, ἐπέχειν (i.e. τὸν νοῦν) intend, purpose, with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+ with dative _of things_, to be intent upon, ταῖς ἀρχαῖς, διαβάσει, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+
III.3 stand facing, face in a line of battle, οὗτοι (i.e. οἱ Μῆδοι) Refs 5th c.BC+.
IV hold back, keep in check, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐπισχὼν ἡνίαν Refs 5th c.BC+; χρησμοὺς ἐ. withhold them, Refs keep him down with the stick, Refs 5th c.BC+; confine, as the earth a corpse, Refs 1st c.BC+:—middle, Refs 6th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 1st c.AD+; to be prevented, hindered, Refs 4th c.AD+; of the menses, Refs 2nd c.AD+
IV.b stay or adjourn proceedings, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν ζημίαν καὶ τὴν κατασκαφήν Refs 4th c.BC+; suspend payments, in passive, Refs 2nd c.AD+
IV.c Refs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, σε μήτε νὺξ μήτε ἡμέρα ἐπισχέτω ὥστε ἀνεῖναι.. let them not stop thee so that thou neglect.., Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, μηδενὸς ἐπεχομένου no objection being taken, Refs 2nd c.AD+
IV.d impersonal, Refs 2nd c.AD+.
IV.2 absolutely, stay, pause, Refs 8th c.BC+; refrain, Refs 5th c.BC+ if you tarry, Refs 5th c.BC+ wait and see whether.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπίσχες, absolutely, hold! stop! Refs 5th c.BC+; in participle, Refs 5th c.BC+, +others; τὸ ἐπισχεῖν, opposed to τὸ παραχρῆμα, Refs 5th c.BC+ came after a short interval, Refs 5th c.BC+ they very shortly died, Refs 5th c.BC+ did not halt for the purpose of occupying a camp (unless it, = 'had no intention of occupying').
IV.2.b with genitive of things, stop or cease from, Refs 6th c.BC+: so with infinitive, leave off, cease to do, Refs 5th c.BC+: with participle, cease doing, Refs 6th c.BC+
IV.2.c as technical term of the Sceptics, suspend judgement, doubt, Refs 1st c.BC+.
IV.3 middle, maintain reserve, Refs 2nd c.BC+ (assuming variant).
V reach or extend over a space, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὁπόσσον ἐπέσχε πυρὸς μένος so far as the fire reached, Refs 5th c.BC+ “Aër.” 5, etc.: aorist middle, ἐπέσχετο he lay outstretched, Refs 8th c.BC+.
VI have power over, occupy a country, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; of things, ἐπ᾽ ὀκτὼ μῆνας Κυρηναίους ὀπώρη ἐ. occupies or engages them, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὧν τὰς χρόας τὸ Refs 6th c.BC+: generally, occupy, τὴν κρατίστην μοῖραν ἐ. hold the foremost place, Refs 2nd c.AD+; δίκην ἐπέχειν ἡμᾶς φυτῶν we are like plants, Refs 4th c.BC+
VI.2 absolutely, prevail, predominate, Refs 5th c.BC+; πάντῃ ἐπεῖχε γαλήνη Timo Refs 5th c.BC+.
VI.2.b of Time, continue, Refs 6th c.BC+; σκότος, νὺξ ἐπέσχε, came on, Refs 1st c.AD+
VII middle, future ἐπιέξομαι, meet, Oracle texts in Refs 5th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| epechateἐπεῖχεν | was happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singular | fixed … attention | 1× |
| epechataἐπέσχεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | stayed | 1× |
| epechasōrἔπεχε | happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular | pay close attention to | 1× |
| epecharōntosἐπέχων | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine | noticed | 1× |
| epecharōntoisἐπέχοντες | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine | holding fast | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 2 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epechamō | epechame | epechami | epechama | epechamē | epechamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | epechasō | epechase | epechasi | epechasa | epechasē | epechaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epechatō | epechate1×ἐπεῖχεν | epechati | epechata1×ἐπέσχεν | epechatē | epechatelē |
| we 1st person plural | epechanō | epechane | epechani | epechana | epechanē | epechanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | epechavō | epechave | epechavi | epechava | epechavē | epechavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | epechalō | epechale | epechali | epechala | epechalē | epechalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epechameiō | epechameia | epechameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | epechaseiō | epechaseia | epechaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epechateiō | epechateia | epechateiē |
| we 1st person plural | epechaneiō | epechaneia | epechaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | epechaveiō | epechaveia | epechaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | epechaleiō | epechaleia | epechaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | epechasōr1×ἔπεχε | epechasar | epechasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epechatōr | epechatar | epechatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | epechavōr | epechavar | epechavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | epechalōr | epechalar | epechalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epechamoiō | epechamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | epechasoiō | epechasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epechatoiō | epechatoia |
| we 1st person plural | epechanoiō | epechanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | epechavoiō | epechavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | epechaloiō | epechaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | epecharō | epechari | epechara | epecharē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | epecharōntos2×ἐπέχων | epecharintos | epecharantos | epecharēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
epech is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
5 occurrences, every one of them listed
epechate“fixed … attention”was happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 3:5tos de epechate autoi prosdokarōntos tinem para autoiu labara.So the man gave them his attention, expecting to receive something from them.
epechata“stayed”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 19:22… diakonarōntoiu auto, Timotheon kai Erastoson, autos epechata chronon eis tan Asian.… and Erastus, to Macedonia, while he stayed for a time in the province …
epechasōr“pay close attention to”happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular1×
1 Timothy 4:16epechasōr siauto kai ta didaskalia; epimenasōr autei; …Pay close attention to your life and to your teaching …
epecharōntos“noticed”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine1×
Luke 14:7Legate de pros toin kalorēntoin parabolan, epecharōntos pōs tain prōtoklisiain eklegole, legarōntos pros …When Jesus noticed how the guests chose the places …
epecharōntois“holding fast”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine1×
Philippians 2:16“holding fast”logon zōau epecharōntois, eis kauchēmem mi eis hēmeran Christou, …… forth the word of life, in order that I may boast on the day of Christ that I …