verb
louomō
Strong’sG3068
I wash, bathe
stem lou-5 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books5 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
λούω,
[in LXX chiefly for רחץ (freq. of ceremonial washing; cf. Deiss., BS, 226 f.);]
SYN.: νίπτω, used of parts of the body-hands, feet, face; πλύνω, of things, as garments, etc. (v. Le 15:11; cf. Tr., Syn., § xlv).
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G3068 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
contraction from λοέω, from which come imperfect λόεον Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist infinitive λοέσσαι Refs; participle λοέσσας Refs 8th c.BC+: future middle λοέσσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+aorist λοέσσατοRefs 8th c.BC+: also Epic dialect imperfect ἐλούεον Refs 5th c.BC+; infinitive λούειν Refs 5th c.BC+: future λούσω Refs 3rd c.BC+; Doric dialect λουσῶ Refs 3rd c.BC+: aorist ἔλουσα Refs 6th c.BC+ (Epic dialect λοῦσα Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle λούονται Refs 5th c.BC+; infinitive λούεσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+; participle λουόμενοι Refs 5th c.BC+: future λούσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ἐλουσάμηνRefs; Epic dialect λούσαντο Refs 8th c.BC+; Doric dialect participle λωσάμενος Refs: —passive, aorist ἐλούθην Refs 5th c.BC+perfect λέλουμαι, 3rd.pers. singular λέλουται Refs 5th c.BC+; participle λελουμένος LXX+8th c.BC+—Another old form of the present was λόω, whence 3rd.pers. singular λόει Refs, 2nd pers. singular middle κατα-λόει Refs 5th c.BC+: 3rd.pers. singular imperfect λόε Refs 8th c.BC+, 3rd.pers. plural λόον Refs; 3rd.pers. singular subjunctive middle λόηται Refs 3rd c.BC+; infinitive λόεσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+:—to λόω also belong the following contraction forms, 3rd.pers. singular imperfect ἀπ-έλου Refs 5th c.BC+; present passive λοῦται Refs 7th c.BC+; λοῦνται, ἐλοῦτο, Refs 5th c.BC+; 3rd.pers. plural ἐλοῦντο Refs 5th c.BC+; infinitive λοῦσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+; participle λούμενος Refs 5th c.BC+, etc., are rejected by Refs 5th c.BC+: (Cf. Latin l[acaron]vo [from *lovo]): — wash, properly wash the body (νίζω being used of the hands and feet, πλύνω of clothes), τὸν δ᾽ Ἥβη λοῦσεν Refs 8th c.BC+; λοῦσ᾽ ἐν ποταμῷ bathed me, i.e. let me bathe, Refs; τίς ἄν σφε λούσειε; NT+5th c.BC+; also λ ἐκ τρίποδος μεγάλοιο washed me [with water] from a great cauldron, Refs 8th c.BC+
b rarely of things, λ. τὰ δύο μέρη τοῦ βαλανείου Refs 5th c.AD+
2 metaphorically, purify, τινὰ ἐκ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν variant in NT
II middle and passive, bathe, λοῦσθαι ποταμοῖο ῥοῇσι Refs 8th c.BC+ fresh from Ocean's bath, Refs 8th c.BC+; λούεσθαι ποταμοῖο bathe in the river,Refs 8th c.BC+; λελουμένος freshbathed, after bathing, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.2 in strict passive sense, λοῦσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ Διός, i.e. to be washed by the rain from heaven, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.3 in strict middle sense, with accusative, λοέσσασθαι χρόα wash one's body, Refs 8th c.BC+; λούονται (variant{λοῦνται}) ὕδατι τὸ σῶμα Refs 5th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| louataἔλουσεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | washed | 1× |
| louarantoisλούσαντες | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculine | washed | 1× |
| louerantasλουσαμένη | happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative singular feminine | washed | 1× |
| louorēntosλελουμένος | has happened · subjectperfect middle or passive participle nominative singular masculine | bathed | 1× |
| louorēntoisλελουσμένοι | has happened · subjectperfect middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine | washed | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | louamō | louame | louami | louama | louamē | louamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | louasō | louase | louasi | louasa | louasē | louaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louatō | louate | louati | louata1×ἔλουσεν | louatē | louatelē |
| we 1st person plural | louanō | louane | louani | louana | louanē | louanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | louavō | louave | louavi | louava | louavē | louavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | loualō | louale | louali | louala | loualē | loualelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | louomō | louome | louomē | louomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | louosō | louose | louosē | louoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louotō | louote | louotē | louotelē |
| we 1st person plural | louonō | louone | louonē | louonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | louovō | louove | louovē | louovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | louolō | louole | louolē | louolelē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | louemi | louema |
| you 2nd person singular | louesi | louesa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loueti | loueta |
| we 1st person plural | loueni | louena |
| ye 2nd person plural | louevi | loueva |
| they 3rd person plural | loueli | louela |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | louameiō | louameia | louameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | louaseiō | louaseia | louaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louateiō | louateia | louateiē |
| we 1st person plural | louaneiō | louaneia | louaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | louaveiō | louaveia | louaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | loualeiō | loualeia | loualeiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | louomeiō | louomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | louoseiō | louoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louoteiō | louoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | louoneiō | louoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | louoveiō | louoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | louoleiō | louoleiē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | louemeia |
| you 2nd person singular | loueseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | loueteia |
| we 1st person plural | loueneia |
| ye 2nd person plural | loueveia |
| they 3rd person plural | loueleia |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | louasōr | louasar | louasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louatōr | louatar | louatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | louavōr | louavar | louavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | loualōr | loualar | loualēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | louosōr | louosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louotōr | louotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | louovōr | louovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | louolōr | louolēr |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | louesar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louetar |
| ye 2nd person plural | louevar |
| they 3rd person plural | louelar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | louamoiō | louamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | louasoiō | louasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louatoiō | louatoia |
| we 1st person plural | louanoiō | louanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | louavoiō | louavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | loualoiō | loualoia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | louomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | louosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | louonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | louovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | louoloiō |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | louemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | louesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | louetoia |
| we 1st person plural | louenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | louevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | loueloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | louarō | louari | louara | louarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | louorō | louorē | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | loueri | louera |
Used as an adjective — participle, 4 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | louarōntos | louarintos | louarantos1× | louarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | louorōntos | louorēntos2×λελουμένος | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | louerintos | louerantos1× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
lou is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
5 occurrences, every one of them listed
louata“washed”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 16:33… en ekeina ta hōra tau nuktau louata apo taiu plēgaiu, kai baptizita autos …… night, the jailer took them and washed their wounds. And without delay, he …
louarantois“washed”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculine1×
Acts 9:37… tai hēmerai ekeinai asthenarantan autan apothnēskara; louarantois de tithala autan en huperōe.… and died, and her body was washed and placed in an upper room.
louerantas“washed”happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative singular feminine1×
2 Peter 2:22… epi tem idiem exeramem, kai; Huas louerantas eis kulismon borborou.… vomit,” and, “A sow that is washed goes back to her wallowing in …
louorēntos“bathed”has happened · subjectperfect middle or passive participle nominative singular masculine1×
John 13:10legatō auto tos Iēsus; Tos louorēntos ouk echatō chreian ei mē toin …Jesus told him, “Whoever has already bathed needs only to wash his feet …
louorēntois“washed”has happened · subjectperfect middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine1×
Hebrews 10:22… tain kardiain apo suneidēsiau ponērau kai louorēntois tem sōmem hude kathare;… a guilty conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.