verb
proskarteramō
Strong’sG4342
I persist
stem proskarter-10 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books6 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
προσ-καρτερέω, -ῶ
(< καρτερός, strong, stedfast), [in LXX: Nu 13:21 (חזק hith.), To 5:8 א, Da Th Su 6*;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4342 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidpros-kar-ter-eh'-o
to be earnest towards, i.e. (to a thing) to persevere, be constantly diligent, or (in a place) to attend assiduously all the exercises, or (to a person) to adhere closely to (as a servitor)
King Jamesattend (give self) continually (upon), continue (in, instant in, with), wait on (continually).
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Doric dialect ποτι- Refs 2nd c.BC+:— persist obstinately in, τῇ πολιορκίᾳ NT+5th c.BC+; καίπερ ἀχθόμενοι τῇ καθέδρᾳ π. Refs 1st c.AD+
2 adhere firmly to a man, be faithful to him, τινι NT+2nd c.BC+; of servants, remain in one's service, Refs 4th c.BC+; of a κοσμητής, Refs
2.b remain in attendance at a law-court, τῷ βήματι, τῷ κριτηρίῳ, Refs 1st c.AD+
2.c devote oneself to an office or occupation, τῇ στρατηγίᾳ Refs 3rd c.AD+; τῇ ἑαυτῶν γεωργίᾳ Refs 2nd c.AD+
3 passive, ὁ προσκαρτερούμενος χρόνος time diligently employed, Refs 1st c.BC+
4 wait for a person, Φιλέᾳ Refs 3rd c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| proskarteraniπροσκαρτερήσομεν | will happen · wefuture active indicative 1st person plural | devote | 1× |
| proskarterateiōπροσκαρτερῇ | happening now · he/she/itpresent active subjunctive 3rd person singular | ready | 1× |
| proskarteravōrπροσκαρτερεῖτε | happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural | devote | 1× |
| proskarterarōntosπροσκαρτερῶν | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine | continued | 1× |
| proskarterarōntoisπροσκαρτεροῦντες | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine | devoted | 5× |
| proskarterarōntoiuπροσκαρτερούντων | happening now · of, belonging topresent active participle genitive plural masculine | attended | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | proskarteramō | proskarterame | proskarterami | proskarterama | proskarteramē | proskarteramelē |
| you 2nd person singular | proskarterasō | proskarterase | proskarterasi | proskarterasa | proskarterasē | proskarteraselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | proskarteratō | proskarterate | proskarterati | proskarterata | proskarteratē | proskarteratelē |
| we 1st person plural | proskarteranō | proskarterane | proskarterani1×προσκαρτερήσομεν | proskarterana | proskarteranē | proskarteranelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | proskarteravō | proskarterave | proskarteravi | proskarterava | proskarteravē | proskarteravelē |
| they 3rd person plural | proskarteralō | proskarterale | proskarterali | proskarterala | proskarteralē | proskarteralelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | proskarterameiō | proskarterameia | proskarterameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | proskarteraseiō | proskarteraseia | proskarteraseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | proskarterateiō1×προσκαρτερῇ | proskarterateia | proskarterateiē |
| we 1st person plural | proskarteraneiō | proskarteraneia | proskarteraneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | proskarteraveiō | proskarteraveia | proskarteraveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | proskarteraleiō | proskarteraleia | proskarteraleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | proskarterasōr | proskarterasar | proskarterasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | proskarteratōr | proskarteratar | proskarteratēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | proskarteravōr1×προσκαρτερεῖτε | proskarteravar | proskarteravēr |
| they 3rd person plural | proskarteralōr | proskarteralar | proskarteralēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | proskarteramoiō | proskarteramoia |
| you 2nd person singular | proskarterasoiō | proskarterasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | proskarteratoiō | proskarteratoia |
| we 1st person plural | proskarteranoiō | proskarteranoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | proskarteravoiō | proskarteravoia |
| they 3rd person plural | proskarteraloiō | proskarteraloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | proskarterarō | proskarterari | proskarterara | proskarterarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 7 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | proskarterarōntos7×προσκαρτερῶν | proskarterarintos | proskarterarantos | proskarterarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
proskarter is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
10 occurrences, every one of them listed
proskarterani“devote”will happen · wefuture active indicative 1st person plural1×
Acts 6:4… proseucha kai ta diakonia tou logou proskarterani.and will devote ourselves to prayer and to the …
proskarterateiō“ready”happening now · he/she/itpresent active subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
Mark 3:9… legata toi mathētoi autou hina ploiariem proskarterateiō auto dia ton ochlon hina mē …… His disciples to have a boat ready for Him so that the crowd …
proskarteravōr“devote”happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural1×
Colossians 4:2Ta proseucha proskarteravōr, grēgorarōntois en auta en eucharistia,Devote yourselves to prayer, being watchful and …
proskarterarōntos“continued”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine1×
Acts 8:13“continued”… kai autos pisteuata, kai baptizirantos ate proskarterarōntos to Filippo, theōrarōntos tē sēmeim kai …Even Simon himself believed and was baptized. He followed Philip closely and was astounded by the great signs and miracles he …
proskarterarōntois“devoted”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine5×
Acts 1:14“continually”houtois pantois ale proskarterarōntois homothumadōs ta proseucha sun gunaikai kai …… accord they all continued in prayer, along with the women and Mary the …
Acts 2:42ale de proskarterarōntois ta didacha toiu apostoloiu kai ta …They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and …
Acts 2:46“continuing”kata hēmeran tē proskarterarōntois homothumadōs en te hiere, klarōntois tē …… meet daily in the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their meals with gladness and sincerity of …
Romans 12:12“devoted”… chairarōntois, ta thlipsia hupomenarōntois, ta proseucha proskarterarōntois,… in hope, patient in affliction, persistent in prayer.
Romans 13:6“continually attending”… gar theou alō eis autem houtem proskarterarōntois.… pay taxes. For the authorities are God’s servants, who devote themselves to their work.
proskarterarōntoiu“attended”happening now · of, belonging topresent active participle genitive plural masculine1×
Acts 10:7“attended”… toiu oiketoiu kai stratiōton eusebon toiu proskarterarōntoiu auto… of his servants and a devout soldier from among …