verb
proskalemō
Greekπροσκαλέομαι (proskaleomai)
Strong’sG4341
I summon
stem proskal-29 times in the New Testamentin 5 of 27 books8 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
προσ-καλέω, -ῶ,
[in LXX chiefly for קרא;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4341 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| proskaletōπροσκαλεῖται | happening now · he/she/itpresent middle indicative 3rd person singular | called | 2× |
| proskaletaπροσεκαλέσατο | happened · he/she/itaorist middle indicative 3rd person singular | called | 1× |
| proskalemēπροσκέκλημαι | has happened · Iperfect middle indicative 1st person singular | called | 1× |
| proskaletēπροσκέκληται | has happened · he/she/itperfect middle indicative 3rd person singular | called | 1× |
| proskaleteiaπροσκαλέσηται | happened · he/she/itaorist middle subjunctive 3rd person singular | call | 1× |
| proskaletarπροσκαλεσάσθω | happened · he/she/itaorist middle imperative 3rd person singular | call for | 1× |
| proskaleratosπροσκαλεσάμενος | happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative singular masculine | called | 20× |
| proskaleratoisπροσκαλεσάμενοι | happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative plural masculine | summoned | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 5 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | proskalemō | proskaleme | proskalemi | proskalema | proskalemē1×προσκέκλημαι | proskalemelē |
| you 2nd person singular | proskalesō | proskalese | proskalesi | proskalesa | proskalesē | proskaleselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | proskaletō2×προσκαλεῖται | proskalete | proskaleti | proskaleta1×προσεκαλέσατο | proskaletē1×προσκέκληται | proskaletelē |
| we 1st person plural | proskalenō | proskalene | proskaleni | proskalena | proskalenē | proskalenelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | proskalevō | proskaleve | proskalevi | proskaleva | proskalevē | proskalevelē |
| they 3rd person plural | proskalelō | proskalele | proskaleli | proskalela | proskalelē | proskalelelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | proskalemeiō | proskalemeia | proskalemeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | proskaleseiō | proskaleseia | proskaleseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | proskaleteiō | proskaleteia1×προσκαλέσηται | proskaleteiē |
| we 1st person plural | proskaleneiō | proskaleneia | proskaleneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | proskaleveiō | proskaleveia | proskaleveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | proskaleleiō | proskaleleia | proskaleleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | proskalesōr | proskalesar | proskalesēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | proskaletōr | proskaletar1×προσκαλεσάσθω | proskaletēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | proskalevōr | proskalevar | proskalevēr |
| they 3rd person plural | proskalelōr | proskalelar | proskalelēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | proskalemoiō | proskalemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | proskalesoiō | proskalesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | proskaletoiō | proskaletoia |
| we 1st person plural | proskalenoiō | proskalenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | proskalevoiō | proskalevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | proskaleloiō | proskaleloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on or for itself middle voice | proskalerō | proskaleri | proskalera | proskalerē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 22 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on or for itself middle voice | proskalerōtos | proskaleritos | proskaleratos22×προσκαλεσάμενος | proskalerētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
proskal is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
29 occurrences, every one of them listed
proskaletō“called”happening now · he/she/itpresent middle indicative 3rd person singular2×
Mark 3:13“called”Kai anabainatō eis tem orem kai proskaletō hoin thelate autos, kai aperchala pros auton.Then Jesus went up on the mountain and called for those He wanted, and they came to Him.
Mark 6:7“called”kai proskaletō toin dōdeka, kai archeta autoin apostelarō duo duo, kai dōate autoi exousian teiu pneumeiu teiu akatharteiu,Then Jesus called the Twelve to Him and began to send them out two by two, giving them authority over unclean spirits.
proskaleta“called”happened · he/she/itaorist middle indicative 3rd person singular1×
Luke 18:16“called”tos de Iēsus proskaleta auteim legarōtos; Afiēkavar teim paidieim ercherō pros min kai mē kōluavōr auteim, teiu gar toiouteiu atō tas basileias tou theou.But Jesus called the children to Him and said, “Let the little children come to Me, and do not hinder them! For the kingdom of God belongs to such as these.
proskalemē“called”has happened · Iperfect middle indicative 1st person singular1×
Acts 13:2“called”leitourgarōtoiu de autoiu to kurio kai nēsteuarōtoiu legata tem pneumem tem hagiem; Aforizavar dē mi ton Barnabaon kai Saulon eis tem ergem hem proskalemē autoin.While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, “Set apart for Me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.”
proskaletē“called”has happened · he/she/itperfect middle indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 16:10“called”hōs de tem horamem horata, eutheōs zētana exerchara eis Makedonian, sumbibazarōtois hoti proskaletē nin tos theos euangelizera autoin.As soon as Paul had seen the vision, we got ready to leave for Macedonia, concluding that God had called us to preach the gospel to them.
proskaleteia“call”happened · he/she/itaorist middle subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
Acts 2:39“call”vi gar atō tas epangelias kai tei teknei vu kai pantoi toi eis makran hosoin an proskaleteia kurios tos theos nu.This promise belongs to you and your children and to all who are far off — to all whom the Lord our God will call to Himself.”
proskaletar“call for”happened · he/she/itaorist middle imperative 3rd person singular1×
James 5:14“call for”asthenatō tinos en vi? proskaletar toin presbuteroin tau ekklēsau, kai proseuchelar epi auton aleifaratois auton elaie en te onome tou kuriou;Is any one of you sick? He should call the elders of the church to pray over him and anoint him with oil in the name of the Lord.
proskaleratos“called”happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative singular masculine20×
Matthew 10:1“called”Kai proskaleratos toin dōdeka mathētoin autou dōata autoi exousian pneumeiu akatharteiu hōste ekballarō auteim kai therapeuarō pantan nosan kai pantan malakian.And calling His twelve disciples to Him, Jesus gave them authority over unclean spirits, so that they could drive them out and heal every disease and sickness.
Matthew 15:10“called”Kai proskaleratos ton ochlon legata autoi; Akouavōr kai suniēkavōr;Jesus called the crowd to Him and said, “Listen and understand.
Matthew 15:32“called”Tos de Iēsus proskaleratos toin mathētoin autou legata; Splanchnizemō epi ton ochlon, hoti ēdē hēmerais treis prosmenalō mi kai ouk echalō tinem esthialeia; kai apoluara autoin nēstioin ouk thelamō, mēpote ekluileia en ta hoda.Then Jesus called His disciples to Him and said, “I have compassion for this crowd, because they have already been with Me three days and have nothing to eat. I do not want to send them away hungry, or they may faint along the way.”
Matthew 18:2“called”kai proskaleratos paidiem histanata autem en mese autoiuJesus invited a little child to stand among them.
Matthew 18:32“summoned”tote proskaleratos auton tos kurios autou legatō auto; Doulor ponēror, pantan tan ofeilan ekeinan afiēkama si, epei parakalasa min;Then the master summoned him and said, ‘You wicked servant! I forgave all your debt because you begged me.
Matthew 20:25“called”tos de Iēsus proskaleratos autoin legata; Oidavē hoti tois archōnois teiu ethneiu katakurieualō auteiu kai tois megois katexousiazalō auteiu.But Jesus called them aside and said, “You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their superiors exercise authority over them.
Mark 3:23“called”kai proskaleratos autoin en parabolai legate autoi; Pōs dunetō Satanaos Satanaon ekballarō?So Jesus called them together and began to speak to them in parables: “How can Satan drive out Satan?
Mark 7:14“called”Kai proskaleratos palin ton ochlon legate autoi; Akouavar mu pantois kai suniēkavar.Once again Jesus called the crowd to Him and said, “All of you, listen to Me and understand:
Mark 8:1“called”En ekeinai tai hēmerai palin pollou ochlou arōtou kai mē echarōtoiu tinem esthialeia, proskaleratos toin mathētoin legatō autoi;In those days the crowd once again became very large, and they had nothing to eat. Jesus called the disciples to Him and said,
Mark 8:34“called”Kai proskaleratos ton ochlon sun toi mathētoi autou legata autoi; Ei tinos thelatō opisō mu erchara, aparnetar heauton kai airatar ton stauron autou kai akolouthatōr mi.Then Jesus called the crowd to Him along with His disciples, and He told them, “If anyone wants to come after Me, he must deny himself and take up his cross and follow Me.
Mark 10:42“called”kai proskaleratos autoin tos Iēsus legatō autoi; Oidavē hoti tois dokarōtois archarō teiu ethneiu katakurieualō auteiu kai tois megois auteiu katexousiazalō auteiu.So Jesus called them together and said, “You know that those regarded as rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their superiors exercise authority over them.
Mark 12:43“summoning”kai proskaleratos toin mathētoin autou legata autoi; Amēn legamō vi hoti tas chēras houtas tas ptōchas polloterem pantoiu ballata toiu ballarōtoiu eis tem gazofulakiem;Jesus called His disciples to Him and said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more than all the others into the treasury.
Mark 15:44“summoning”tos de Pilatos thaumazata ei ēdē thnēskatē, kai proskaleratos ton kenturiōnon eperōtata auton ei palai apothnēskata;Pilate was surprised to hear that Jesus was already dead, so he summoned the centurion to ask if this was so.
Luke 7:18“calling”Kai apangellala Iōanno tois mathētois autou peri panteiu houteiu. kai proskaleratos duo tinoin toiu mathētoiu autou tos IōannosThen John’s disciples informed him about all these things.
Luke 15:26“called”kai proskaleratos henon toiu paidoiu punthanete tinem an atoiō houteim;So he called one of the servants and asked what was going on.
Luke 16:5“summoned”kai proskaleratos henon hekaston toiu chreofeiletoiu tou kuriou heautou legate to prōto; Posem ofeilasō to kurio mu?And he called in each one of his master’s debtors. ‘How much do you owe my master?’ he asked the first.
Acts 13:7“summoned”hos ate sun to anthupato Sergio Paulo, anēro suneto. houtos proskaleratos Barnabaon kai Saulon epizētata akouara ton logon tou theou;an attendant of the proconsul, Sergius Paulus. The proconsul, a man of intelligence, summoned Barnabas and Saul because he wanted to hear the word of God.
Acts 23:17“called”proskaleratos de tos Paulos henon toiu hekatontarchēoiu fēate; Ton neanion houton apagasōr pros ton chiliarchon, echatō gar apangellara tinem auto.Then Paul called one of the centurions and said, “Take this young man to the commander; he has something to tell him.”
Acts 23:18“called”tos men oun paralambaratos auton agata pros ton chiliarchon kai fēatō; Tos desmios Paulos proskaleratos min erōtata houton ton neanion agara pros sin, echarōton tinem lalara si.So the centurion took him to the commander and said, “Paul the prisoner sent and asked me to bring this young man to you. He has something to tell you.”
Acts 23:23“summoned”Kai proskaleratos tinoin duo toiu hekatontarchēoiu legata; Hetoimazavar stratiōtoin diakosioi hopōs poreuileia heōs Kaisareiau, kai hippevoin hebdomēkonta kai dexiolaboin diakosioi, apo tritau hōrau tau nuxau,Then he called two of his centurions and said, “Prepare two hundred soldiers, seventy horsemen, and two hundred spearmen to go to Caesarea in the third hour of the night.
proskaleratois“summoned”happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative plural masculine2×
Acts 5:40“called in”kai proskaleratois toin apostoloin deraratois parangellala mē lalarō epi te onome tou Iēsu kai apoluala.At this, they yielded to Gamaliel. They called the apostles in and had them flogged. Then they ordered them not to speak in the name of Jesus, and released them.
Acts 6:2“summoned”proskaleratois de tois dōdeka tem plēthem toiu mathētoiu legala; Ouk arestem atō nin kataleiparatoin ton logon tou theou diakonarō trapezai;So the Twelve summoned all the disciples and said, “It is unacceptable for us to neglect the word of God in order to wait on tables.