verb
ptuamō
Strong’sG4429
I spit
stem ptu-3 times in the New Testamentin 2 of 27 books2 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
πτύω,
[in LXX: Nu 12:14 (ירק), Si 28:12*;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4429 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidptoo'-o
to spit
Froma primary verb (compare G4428);
King Jamesspit.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Refs 8th c.BC+future πτύσω [ῠ] Refs 5th c.BC+; πτύσομαι Refsaorist ἔπτῠσαRefs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἔπτῠκα Refs 2nd c.AD+ —passive, future πτυσθήσομαι (ἀνα-) NT: aorist ἐπτύσθην Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist 2 participle πτυέντα Refs. [ῡ in present and imperfect; later Epic dialect have ῠ in imperfect before a short syllable, Refs 4th c.AD+, but mostly in compounds, (ἀνα-) Refs 3rd c.BC+; ῠ always in aorist): —spit out or up, αἷμα Il.[same place], Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, spit, Refs 5th c.BC+ spat in his face, Refs 5th c.BC+
2 of the sea, disgorge, cast out, με.. τηλόσ᾽ ἀπὸ.. ἠϊόνος Refs 3rd c.BC+with a splash, Refs 1st c.AD+
2.b of fish, spawn, Refs 2nd c.AD+
2.c proverbial, πρὶν πτύσαι 'before you can say Jack Robinson', Refs 4th c.BC+
3 metaphorically, πτύσας with loathing, Refs 5th c.BC+
4 εἰς κόλπον π., to avert a bad omen, disarm magic, etc., which was done three times, ὡς μὴ βασκανθῶ δὲ τρὶς εἰς ἐμὸν ἔπτυσα κόλπον Refs 4th c.BC+; ὑπὸ κόλπον π. Refs 2nd c.AD+
II promote the flow of spittle, of certain wines, in passive, Refs 5th c.BC+. (Cf. Gothic speiwan 'spit', Latin spuo, etc.)
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| ptuataἔπτυσεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | spat | 1× |
| ptuarantosπτύσας | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular masculine | spitting | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ptuamō | ptuame | ptuami | ptuama | ptuamē | ptuamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | ptuasō | ptuase | ptuasi | ptuasa | ptuasē | ptuaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ptuatō | ptuate | ptuati | ptuata1×ἔπτυσεν | ptuatē | ptuatelē |
| we 1st person plural | ptuanō | ptuane | ptuani | ptuana | ptuanē | ptuanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ptuavō | ptuave | ptuavi | ptuava | ptuavē | ptuavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | ptualō | ptuale | ptuali | ptuala | ptualē | ptualelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ptuameiō | ptuameia | ptuameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | ptuaseiō | ptuaseia | ptuaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ptuateiō | ptuateia | ptuateiē |
| we 1st person plural | ptuaneiō | ptuaneia | ptuaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ptuaveiō | ptuaveia | ptuaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | ptualeiō | ptualeia | ptualeiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | ptuasōr | ptuasar | ptuasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ptuatōr | ptuatar | ptuatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | ptuavōr | ptuavar | ptuavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | ptualōr | ptualar | ptualēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ptuamoiō | ptuamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | ptuasoiō | ptuasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ptuatoiō | ptuatoia |
| we 1st person plural | ptuanoiō | ptuanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | ptuavoiō | ptuavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | ptualoiō | ptualoia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | ptuarō | ptuari | ptuara | ptuarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | ptuarōntos | ptuarintos | ptuarantos2×πτύσας | ptuarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
ptu is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Other words sharing the exact same stem — not merely related in meaning.
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
3 occurrences, every one of them listed
ptuata“spat”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular1×
John 9:6“spat”houteim legarantos ptuata chamai kai poiata pēlon ek teu …… Jesus had said this, He spit on the ground, made some mud, and applied …
ptuarantos“spitting”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular masculine2×
Mark 7:33“spitting”… autou eis teim oueim autou kai ptuarantos hapteta tau glōssau autou,… and put His fingers into the man’s ears. Then He spit and touched the man’s tongue.
Mark 8:23“spitting”… ekferata auton exō tau kōmau, kai ptuarantos eis teim ommeim autou, epititharantos tain …… hand and led him out of the village. Then He spit on the man’s eyes and placed His hands on him. “Can …