verb
apokoptamō
Greekἀποκόπτω (apokoptō)
Strong’sG609
I smite, cut off, emasculate
stem apokopt-6 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books4 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
ἀπο-κόπτω,
[in LXX for קצץ, כּרת, etc.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G609 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| apokopteliἀποκόψονται | will happen · theyfuture middle indicative 3rd person plural | castrate | 1× |
| apokoptataἀπέκοψεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | cut off | 2× |
| apokoptalaἀπέκοψαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | cut away | 1× |
| apokoptasarἀπόκοψον | happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular | cut … off | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 4 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptamō | apokoptame | apokoptami | apokoptama | apokoptamē | apokoptamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptasō | apokoptase | apokoptasi | apokoptasa | apokoptasē | apokoptaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptatō | apokoptate | apokoptati | apokoptata2×ἀπέκοψεν | apokoptatē | apokoptatelē |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptanō | apokoptane | apokoptani | apokoptana | apokoptanē | apokoptanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptavō | apokoptave | apokoptavi | apokoptava | apokoptavē | apokoptavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptalō | apokoptale | apokoptali | apokoptala1×ἀπέκοψαν | apokoptalē | apokoptalelē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptemō | apokopteme | apokoptemi | apokoptema | apokoptemē | apokoptemelē |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptesō | apokoptese | apokoptesi | apokoptesa | apokoptesē | apokopteselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptetō | apokoptete | apokopteti | apokopteta | apokoptetē | apokoptetelē |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptenō | apokoptene | apokopteni | apokoptena | apokoptenē | apokoptenelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptevō | apokopteve | apokoptevi | apokopteva | apokoptevē | apokoptevelē |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptelō | apokoptele | apokopteli1×ἀποκόψονται | apokoptela | apokoptelē | apokoptelelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptameiō | apokoptameia | apokoptameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptaseiō | apokoptaseia | apokoptaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptateiō | apokoptateia | apokoptateiē |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptaneiō | apokoptaneia | apokoptaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptaveiō | apokoptaveia | apokoptaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptaleiō | apokoptaleia | apokoptaleiē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptemeiō | apokoptemeia | apokoptemeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | apokopteseiō | apokopteseia | apokopteseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokopteteiō | apokopteteia | apokopteteiē |
| we 1st person plural | apokopteneiō | apokopteneia | apokopteneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokopteveiō | apokopteveia | apokopteveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | apokopteleiō | apokopteleia | apokopteleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 2 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptasōr | apokoptasar2×ἀπόκοψον | apokoptasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptatōr | apokoptatar | apokoptatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptavōr | apokoptavar | apokoptavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptalōr | apokoptalar | apokoptalēr |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptesōr | apokoptesar | apokoptesēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptetōr | apokoptetar | apokoptetēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptevōr | apokoptevar | apokoptevēr |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptelōr | apokoptelar | apokoptelēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptamoiō | apokoptamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptasoiō | apokoptasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptatoiō | apokoptatoia |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptanoiō | apokoptanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptavoiō | apokoptavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptaloiō | apokoptaloia |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptemoiō | apokoptemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptesoiō | apokoptesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptetoiō | apokoptetoia |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptenoiō | apokoptenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptevoiō | apokoptevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | apokopteloiō | apokopteloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | apokoptarō | apokoptari | apokoptara | apokoptarē |
| acts on or for itself middle voice | apokopterō | apokopteri | apokoptera | apokopterē |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | apokoptarōtos | apokoptaritos | apokoptaratos | apokoptarētos |
| acts on or for itself middle voice | apokopterōtos | apokopteritos | apokopteratos | apokopterētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
apokopt is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
6 occurrences, every one of them listed
apokopteli“castrate”will happen · theyfuture middle indicative 3rd person plural1×
Galatians 5:12“castrate”ofelon kai apokopteli tois anastatarōtois vin.As for those who are agitating you, I wish they would proceed to emasculate themselves!
apokoptata“cut off”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular2×
John 18:10“cut off”Simōnos oun Petros echarōtos machairan helkata autan kai paiata ton tou archierevou doulon kai apokoptata autou tem ōtariem tem dexem. ate de onomem to doulo Malchos.Then Simon Peter drew his sword and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus.
John 18:26“cut off”legatō henos ek toiu douloiu tou archierevou, sungenos arōtos hou apokoptata Petros tem ōtiem; Ouk mis sin horama en to kēpo meta autou?One of the high priest’s servants, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, asked, “Didn’t I see you with Him in the garden?”
apokoptala“cut away”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Acts 27:32“cut away”tote apokoptala tois stratiōtois teim schoinieim tau skafau kai easala autan ekpiptara.So the soldiers cut the ropes to the lifeboat and set it adrift.
apokoptasar“cut … off”happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular2×
Mark 9:43“cut … off”Kai ean skandalizateiō sin tas cheiras su, apokoptasar autan; kalem atō sin kullon eiserchara eis tan zōan ē tain duo cheirain echarōton aperchara eis tan geennan, eis tem purem tem asbestem.If your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than to have two hands and go into hell, into the unquenchable fire.
Mark 9:45“cut … off”kai ean tos podos su skandalizateiō sin, apokoptasar auton; kalem atō sin eiserchara eis tan zōan chōlon ē toin duo podoin echarōton ballira eis tan geennan.If your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life lame than to have two feet and be thrown into hell.