verb
apokoptamō
Strong’sG609
I smite, cut off, emasculate
stem apokopt-6 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books4 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
ἀπο-κόπτω,
[in LXX for קצץ, כּרת, etc.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G609 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
cut off, hew off, frequently in Refs 8th c.BC+; in Prose, χεῖρας ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; amputate, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀΐξας ἀπέκοψε παρήορον he cut loose the trace-horse, Refs 8th c.BC+ —passive, ἀποκεκόψονται, of buds, will be cut off, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τὴν χεῖρα have it cut off, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ.τὰ γεννητικά, of eunuchs, Refs 1st c.AD+eunuch, LXX+2nd c.AD+:—middle, make oneself a eunuch, NT+2nd c.AD+
2 metaphorically, ἀπ᾽ ἐλπίδα φημὶ κεκόφθαι ναυτιλίης νόστου τεRefs 3rd c.BC+; ἀ. τὸ ἀμφίβολον τῆς γνώμης decide summarily, Refs 1st c.AD+; διὰ τὸ μὴ ἀποκόπτειν τὴν πολυχρόνιον ζωήν exclude from the reckoning, despair of, Refs 1st c.BC+; reject, exclude, Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, uncertain in Refs 1st c.BC+
3 especially of voice or breath, cut short, τὸν τοῦ πνεύματος τόνονRefs 1st c.BC+:—passive, ἀποκέκοπταί τινι ἡ φωνήRefs 1st c.AD+
4 of literary periods or phrases, bring to an abrupt close, δεῖ τῆ μακρᾶ -κόπτεσθαιRefs 4th c.BC+
5 Grammars, in passive, to be cut short by ἀποκοπή (which see), Refs
6 abstract an idea or word from its context, τὸ ἀγαθὸς ἀποκοπένRefs
II ἀ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τόπου beat off from a strong place, of soldiers, Refs 5th c.BC+
III middle, smite the breast in mourning: with accusative, mourn for, νεκρόνRefs 5th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| apokopteliἀποκόψονται | will happen · theyfuture middle indicative 3rd person plural | castrate | 1× |
| apokoptataἀπέκοψεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | cut off | 2× |
| apokoptalaἀπέκοψαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | cut away | 1× |
| apokoptasarἀπόκοψον | happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular | cut … off | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 4 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptamō | apokoptame | apokoptami | apokoptama | apokoptamē | apokoptamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptasō | apokoptase | apokoptasi | apokoptasa | apokoptasē | apokoptaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptatō | apokoptate | apokoptati | apokoptata2×ἀπέκοψεν | apokoptatē | apokoptatelē |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptanō | apokoptane | apokoptani | apokoptana | apokoptanē | apokoptanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptavō | apokoptave | apokoptavi | apokoptava | apokoptavē | apokoptavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptalō | apokoptale | apokoptali | apokoptala1×ἀπέκοψαν | apokoptalē | apokoptalelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptomō | apokoptome | apokoptomē | apokoptomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptosō | apokoptose | apokoptosē | apokoptoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptotō | apokoptote | apokoptotē | apokoptotelē |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptonō | apokoptone | apokoptonē | apokoptonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptovō | apokoptove | apokoptovē | apokoptovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptolō | apokoptole | apokoptolē | apokoptolelē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptemi | apokoptema |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptesi | apokoptesa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokopteti | apokopteta |
| we 1st person plural | apokopteni | apokoptena |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptevi | apokopteva |
| they 3rd person plural | apokopteli1×ἀποκόψονται | apokoptela |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptameiō | apokoptameia | apokoptameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptaseiō | apokoptaseia | apokoptaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptateiō | apokoptateia | apokoptateiē |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptaneiō | apokoptaneia | apokoptaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptaveiō | apokoptaveia | apokoptaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptaleiō | apokoptaleia | apokoptaleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptomeiō | apokoptomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptoseiō | apokoptoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptoteiō | apokoptoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptoneiō | apokoptoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptoveiō | apokoptoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptoleiō | apokoptoleiē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptemeia |
| you 2nd person singular | apokopteseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokopteteia |
| we 1st person plural | apokopteneia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokopteveia |
| they 3rd person plural | apokopteleia |
Commands — imperative mood, 2 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptasōr | apokoptasar2×ἀπόκοψον | apokoptasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptatōr | apokoptatar | apokoptatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptavōr | apokoptavar | apokoptavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptalōr | apokoptalar | apokoptalēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptosōr | apokoptosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptotōr | apokoptotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptovōr | apokoptovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptolōr | apokoptolēr |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptesar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptetar |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptevar |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptelar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptamoiō | apokoptamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptasoiō | apokoptasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptatoiō | apokoptatoia |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptanoiō | apokoptanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptavoiō | apokoptavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptaloiō | apokoptaloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | apokoptoloiō |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | apokoptemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | apokoptesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | apokoptetoia |
| we 1st person plural | apokoptenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | apokoptevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | apokopteloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | apokoptarō | apokoptari | apokoptara | apokoptarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | apokoptorō | apokoptorē | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | apokopteri | apokoptera |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | apokoptarōntos | apokoptarintos | apokoptarantos | apokoptarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | apokoptorōntos | apokoptorēntos | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | apokopterintos | apokopterantos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
apokopt is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
6 occurrences, every one of them listed
apokopteli“castrate”will happen · theyfuture middle indicative 3rd person plural1×
Galatians 5:12“castrate”ofelon kai apokopteli tois anastatarōntois vin.As for those who are agitating you, I wish they would …
apokoptata“cut off”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular2×
John 18:10“cut off”… paiata ton tou archierevou doulon kai apokoptata autou tem ōtariem tem dexem. ate …… sword and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus.
John 18:26… douloiu tou archierevou, sungenos arōntos hou apokoptata Petros tem ōtiem; Ouk mis sin …… the man whose ear Peter had cut off, asked, “Didn’t I see you with …
apokoptala“cut away”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Acts 27:32“cut away”tote apokoptala tois stratiōtois teim schoinieim tau skafau …So the soldiers cut the ropes to the lifeboat and …
apokoptasar“cut … off”happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular2×
Mark 9:43… ean skandalizateiō sin tas cheiras su, apokoptasar autan; kalem atō sin kullon eiserchara …… your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to …
Mark 9:45… ean tos podos su skandalizateiō sin, apokoptasar auton; kalem atō sin eiserchara eis …… your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to …