Biblangbeta

verb

elenchamō

Greekἐλέγχω (elenchō)

Strong’sG1651

I rebuke, expose

stem elench-18 times in the New Testamentin 12 of 27 books13 forms occur

Translated as

rebukeconvictconvictedexposedreproveconvictsexposerebukedrefutereprovedshow … fault

What it means

ἐλέγχω

[in LXX chiefly for יָכַח hi.;]

1. in Hom., to treat with contempt.
2. to convict: c. acc, Mt 18:15 (RV, show him his fault), Tit 1:9; seq. περί, Jo 8:46 16:8, Ju 15; pass., Ja 2:9.
3. to reprove, rebuke: I Ti 5:20, II Ti 4:2, Tit 1:13 2:15, Re 3:19; pass., seq. περί, Lk 3:19; ὑπό, He 12:5 (LXX).
4. to expose: Eph 5:11; pass., Jo 3:20, I Co 14:24 (RV reprove, mg. convict), Eph 5:13 (RV, as 1 Co, l.c., of. AR on Eph 5:11; MM, Exp., xii; cf. ἐξ-, δια-κατ-ελέγχομαι).†

SYN.: ἐπιτιμῶ, expressing simply rebuke, which may be undeserved (Mt 16:22) or ineffectual (Lk 23:40), while ἐλ. implies rebuke which brings conviction (v. Tr., Syn., § iv)

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.

Strong’s G1651 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from

Saidel-eng'-kho

to confute, admonish

Fromof uncertain affinity;

King Jamesconvict, convince, tell a fault, rebuke, reprove.

James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.

Forms in the New Testament

Form and the Greek behind itWhat it isUsuallyTimes
elenchamōἐλέγχωhappening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singularreprove
elenchatōἐλέγχειhappening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singularconvicts
elenchitōἐλέγχεταιhappening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singularconvicted
elenchatiἐλέγξειwill happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singularconvict
elenchiteiaἐλεγχθῇhappened · he/she/itaorist passive subjunctive 3rd person singularexposed
elenchasōrἔλεγχεhappening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singularrebuke
elenchavōrἐλέγχετεhappening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person pluralexpose
elenchasarἔλεγξονhappened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singularreprove
elencharōἐλέγχεινhappening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitiverefute
elencharaἐλέγξαιhappened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitiveconvict
elenchirōtosἐλεγχόμενοςhappening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative singular masculinerebuked
elenchirōtoisἐλεγχόμενοιhappening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative plural masculineconvicted
elenchirōteimἐλεγχόμεναhappening now · subjectpresent passive participle direct plural neuterexposed

Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.

Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 4 occurrences

the subject acts active voice

Who personhappening now presentwas happening imperfectwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfecthad happened pluperfect
I 1st person singularelenchamōἐλέγχωelenchameelenchamielenchamaelenchamēelenchamelē
you 2nd person singularelenchasōelenchaseelenchasielenchasaelenchasēelenchaselē
he/she/it 3rd person singularelenchatōἐλέγχειelenchateelenchatiἐλέγξειelenchataelenchatēelenchatelē
we 1st person pluralelenchanōelenchaneelenchanielenchanaelenchanēelenchanelē
ye 2nd person pluralelenchavōelenchaveelenchavielenchavaelenchavēelenchavelē
they 3rd person pluralelenchalōelenchaleelenchalielenchalaelenchalēelenchalelē

acted on passive voice

Who personhappening now presentwas happening imperfectwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfecthad happened pluperfect
I 1st person singularelenchimōelenchimeelenchimielenchimaelenchimēelenchimelē
you 2nd person singularelenchisōelenchiseelenchisielenchisaelenchisēelenchiselē
he/she/it 3rd person singularelenchitōἐλέγχεταιelenchiteelenchitielenchitaelenchitēelenchitelē
we 1st person pluralelenchinōelenchineelenchinielenchinaelenchinēelenchinelē
ye 2nd person pluralelenchivōelenchiveelenchivielenchivaelenchivēelenchivelē
they 3rd person pluralelenchilōelenchileelenchilielenchilaelenchilēelenchilelē
May, might — subjunctive mood, 1 occurrence

the subject acts active voice

Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
I 1st person singularelenchameiōelenchameiaelenchameiē
you 2nd person singularelenchaseiōelenchaseiaelenchaseiē
he/she/it 3rd person singularelenchateiōelenchateiaelenchateiē
we 1st person pluralelenchaneiōelenchaneiaelenchaneiē
ye 2nd person pluralelenchaveiōelenchaveiaelenchaveiē
they 3rd person pluralelenchaleiōelenchaleiaelenchaleiē

acted on passive voice

Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
I 1st person singularelenchimeiōelenchimeiaelenchimeiē
you 2nd person singularelenchiseiōelenchiseiaelenchiseiē
he/she/it 3rd person singularelenchiteiōelenchiteiaἐλεγχθῇelenchiteiē
we 1st person pluralelenchineiōelenchineiaelenchineiē
ye 2nd person pluralelenchiveiōelenchiveiaelenchiveiē
they 3rd person pluralelenchileiōelenchileiaelenchileiē
Commands — imperative mood, 6 occurrences

the subject acts active voice

Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
you 2nd person singularelenchasōrἔλεγχεelenchasarἔλεγξονelenchasēr
he/she/it 3rd person singularelenchatōrelenchatarelenchatēr
ye 2nd person pluralelenchavōrἐλέγχετεelenchavarelenchavēr
they 3rd person pluralelenchalōrelenchalarelenchalēr

acted on passive voice

Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
you 2nd person singularelenchisōrelenchisarelenchisēr
he/she/it 3rd person singularelenchitōrelenchitarelenchitēr
ye 2nd person pluralelenchivōrelenchivarelenchivēr
they 3rd person pluralelenchilōrelenchilarelenchilēr
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences

the subject acts active voice

Who personhappening now presenthappened aorist
I 1st person singularelenchamoiōelenchamoia
you 2nd person singularelenchasoiōelenchasoia
he/she/it 3rd person singularelenchatoiōelenchatoia
we 1st person pluralelenchanoiōelenchanoia
ye 2nd person pluralelenchavoiōelenchavoia
they 3rd person pluralelenchaloiōelenchaloia

acted on passive voice

Who personhappening now presenthappened aorist
I 1st person singularelenchimoiōelenchimoia
you 2nd person singularelenchisoiōelenchisoia
he/she/it 3rd person singularelenchitoiōelenchitoia
we 1st person pluralelenchinoiōelenchinoia
ye 2nd person pluralelenchivoiōelenchivoia
they 3rd person pluralelenchiloiōelenchiloia
The “to …” form — infinitive, 2 occurrences
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
the subject acts active voiceelencharōἐλέγχεινelencharielencharaἐλέγξαιelencharē
acted on passive voiceelenchirōelenchirielenchiraelenchirē
Used as an adjective — participle, 5 occurrences
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
the subject acts active voiceelencharōtoselencharitoselencharatoselencharētos
acted on passive voiceelenchirōtosἐλεγχόμενοςelenchiritoselenchiratoselenchirētos

Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.

How every form is built — the slots that make them
elenchstem+aeiwho is acting voice+mstnvlwho person+eiroistatement, command, wish mood+ōeiaēelēwhen tense+tthen it declines+ogender+sits job in the sentence case

elench is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.

same in every form varies — every value shown

Words built on the same stem

elenchos — ἔλεγχος, a proof, persuasion, reproof

Where it appears

18 occurrences, every one of them listed

elenchamō“reprove”happening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singular

Revelation 3:19“reprove”mis hosoin ean filameiō elenchamō kai paideuamō; zēleuasōr oun kai metanoasar.Those I love I rebuke and discipline. Therefore be earnest and repent.

elenchatō“convicts”happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular

John 8:46“convicts”tinos ek vu elenchatō min peri hamartau? ei alētheian legamō, dia tinem vis ouk pisteuavō mi?Which of you can prove Me guilty of sin? If I speak the truth, why do you not believe Me?

elenchitō“convicted”happening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singular

1 Corinthians 14:24“convicted”ean de pantois profēteualeiō, eiserchateia de tinos apistos ē idiōtos, elenchitō hupo pantoiu, anakrinitō hupo pantoiu,But if an unbeliever or uninstructed person comes in while everyone is prophesying, he will be convicted and called to account by all,

elenchati“convict”will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular

John 16:8“convict”kai ercharatos ekeinos elenchati ton kosmon peri hamartau kai peri dikaiosunau kai peri krisiau;And when He comes, He will convict the world in regard to sin and righteousness and judgment:

elenchiteia“exposed”happened · he/she/itaorist passive subjunctive 3rd person singular

John 3:20“exposed”pantos gar tos fauleim prassarōtos misatō tem fōtem kai ouk erchetō pros tem fōtem, hina mē elenchiteia teim ergeim autou;Everyone who does evil hates the Light, and does not come into the Light for fear that his deeds will be exposed.

elenchasōr“rebuke”happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular

1 Timothy 5:20“rebuke”toin hamartarōtoin enōpion pantoiu elenchasōr, hina kai tois loipois fobon echaleiō.But those who persist in sin should be rebuked in front of everyone, so that the others will stand in fear of sin.

Titus 1:13“rebuke”tas marturias houtas atō alēthas. dia han aitian elenchasōr autoin apotomōs, hina hugiainaleiō en ta pistia,This testimony is true. Therefore rebuke them sternly, so that they will be sound in the faith

Titus 2:15“rebuke”Houteim lalasōr kai parakalasōr kai elenchasōr meta pantau epitagau; mēdenos su perifronatōr.Speak these things as you encourage and rebuke with all authority. Let no one despise you.

elenchavōr“expose”happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural

Ephesians 5:11“expose”kai mē sunkoinōnavōr tei ergei tei akarpei teu skoteu, mallon de kai elenchavōr,Have no fellowship with the fruitless deeds of darkness, but rather expose them.

elenchasar“reprove”happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular

Matthew 18:15“show … fault”Ean de hamartateia eis sin tos adelfos su, hupagasōr elenchasar auton metaxu su kai autou monou. ean su akouateia, kerdainasa ton adelfon su;If your brother sins against you, go and confront him privately. If he listens to you, you have won your brother over.

2 Timothy 4:2“reprove”kērussasar ton logon, efistanasar eukairōs akairōs, elenchasar, epitimasar, parakalasar, en panta makrothumia kai didacha.Preach the word; be prepared in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and encourage with every form of patient instruction.

elencharō“refute”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive

Titus 1:9“refute”antecherōton tou kata tan didachan pistou logou, hina dunatos ateiō kai parakalarō en ta didaskalia ta hugiainarōta kai toin antilegarōtoin elencharō.He must hold firmly to the faithful word as it was taught, so that he can encourage others by sound teaching and refute those who contradict it.

elenchara“convict”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive

Jude 1:15“convict”poiara krisian kata pantoiu kai elenchara pantoin toin aseboin peri panteiu teiu ergeiu asebeiau autoiu heiu asebala kai peri panteiu teiu sklēreiu heiu lalala kata autou hamartōlois asebois.to execute judgment on everyone, and to convict all the ungodly of every ungodly act of wickedness and every harsh word spoken against Him by ungodly sinners.”

elenchirōtos“rebuked”happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative singular masculine

Luke 3:19“rebuked”tos de Hērōdos tos tetraarchos, elenchirōtos hupo autou peri Hērōdiadau tau gunaikau tou adelfou autou kai peri panteiu heiu poiata ponēreiu tos Hērōdos,But when he rebuked Herod the tetrarch regarding his brother’s wife Herodias and all the evils he had done,

Hebrews 12:5“reproved”kai eklanthanevē tau paraklēsiau, hotinas vi hōs huioi dialegetō, Huior mu, mē oligōrasōr paideiau kuriou, mēde ekluisōr hupo autou elenchirōtos;And you have forgotten the exhortation that addresses you as sons: “My son, do not take lightly the discipline of the Lord, and do not lose heart when He rebukes you.

elenchirōtois“convicted”happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative plural masculine

John 8:9tois de akouaratois kai hupo tau suneidēsiau elenchirōtois exerchale henos kata henos archeratois apo toiu presbuteroiu, kai kataleipita monos, tos Iēsus kai tas gunaikas en mese arōtas.When they heard this, they began to go away one by one, beginning with the older ones, until only Jesus was left, with the woman standing there.

James 2:9“convicted”ei de prosōpolēmptavō, hamartan ergazevō, elenchirōtois hupo tou nomou hōs parabatois.But if you show favoritism, you sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors.

elenchirōteim“exposed”happening now · subjectpresent passive participle direct plural neuter

Ephesians 5:13“exposed”teim de panteim elenchirōteim hupo teu fōteu faneritō,But everything exposed by the light becomes visible, for everything that is illuminated becomes a light itself.