verb
elenchamō
Greekἐλέγχω (elenchō)
Strong’sG1651
I rebuke, expose
stem elench-18 times in the New Testamentin 12 of 27 books13 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
ἐλέγχω
[in LXX chiefly for יָכַח hi.;]
SYN.: ἐπιτιμῶ, expressing simply rebuke, which may be undeserved (Mt 16:22) or ineffectual (Lk 23:40), while ἐλ. implies rebuke which brings conviction (v. Tr., Syn., § iv)
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G1651 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidel-eng'-kho
to confute, admonish
Fromof uncertain affinity;
King Jamesconvict, convince, tell a fault, rebuke, reprove.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| elenchamōἐλέγχω | happening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singular | reprove | 1× |
| elenchatōἐλέγχει | happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular | convicts | 1× |
| elenchitōἐλέγχεται | happening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singular | convicted | 1× |
| elenchatiἐλέγξει | will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular | convict | 1× |
| elenchiteiaἐλεγχθῇ | happened · he/she/itaorist passive subjunctive 3rd person singular | exposed | 1× |
| elenchasōrἔλεγχε | happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular | rebuke | 3× |
| elenchavōrἐλέγχετε | happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural | expose | 1× |
| elenchasarἔλεγξον | happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular | reprove | 2× |
| elencharōἐλέγχειν | happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive | refute | 1× |
| elencharaἐλέγξαι | happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive | convict | 1× |
| elenchirōtosἐλεγχόμενος | happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative singular masculine | rebuked | 2× |
| elenchirōtoisἐλεγχόμενοι | happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative plural masculine | convicted | 2× |
| elenchirōteimἐλεγχόμενα | happening now · subjectpresent passive participle direct plural neuter | exposed | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 4 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | elenchamō1×ἐλέγχω | elenchame | elenchami | elenchama | elenchamē | elenchamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | elenchasō | elenchase | elenchasi | elenchasa | elenchasē | elenchaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | elenchatō1×ἐλέγχει | elenchate | elenchati1×ἐλέγξει | elenchata | elenchatē | elenchatelē |
| we 1st person plural | elenchanō | elenchane | elenchani | elenchana | elenchanē | elenchanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | elenchavō | elenchave | elenchavi | elenchava | elenchavē | elenchavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | elenchalō | elenchale | elenchali | elenchala | elenchalē | elenchalelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | elenchimō | elenchime | elenchimi | elenchima | elenchimē | elenchimelē |
| you 2nd person singular | elenchisō | elenchise | elenchisi | elenchisa | elenchisē | elenchiselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | elenchitō1×ἐλέγχεται | elenchite | elenchiti | elenchita | elenchitē | elenchitelē |
| we 1st person plural | elenchinō | elenchine | elenchini | elenchina | elenchinē | elenchinelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | elenchivō | elenchive | elenchivi | elenchiva | elenchivē | elenchivelē |
| they 3rd person plural | elenchilō | elenchile | elenchili | elenchila | elenchilē | elenchilelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | elenchameiō | elenchameia | elenchameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | elenchaseiō | elenchaseia | elenchaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | elenchateiō | elenchateia | elenchateiē |
| we 1st person plural | elenchaneiō | elenchaneia | elenchaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | elenchaveiō | elenchaveia | elenchaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | elenchaleiō | elenchaleia | elenchaleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | elenchimeiō | elenchimeia | elenchimeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | elenchiseiō | elenchiseia | elenchiseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | elenchiteiō | elenchiteia1×ἐλεγχθῇ | elenchiteiē |
| we 1st person plural | elenchineiō | elenchineia | elenchineiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | elenchiveiō | elenchiveia | elenchiveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | elenchileiō | elenchileia | elenchileiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 6 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | elenchasōr3×ἔλεγχε | elenchasar2×ἔλεγξον | elenchasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | elenchatōr | elenchatar | elenchatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | elenchavōr1×ἐλέγχετε | elenchavar | elenchavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | elenchalōr | elenchalar | elenchalēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | elenchisōr | elenchisar | elenchisēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | elenchitōr | elenchitar | elenchitēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | elenchivōr | elenchivar | elenchivēr |
| they 3rd person plural | elenchilōr | elenchilar | elenchilēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | elenchamoiō | elenchamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | elenchasoiō | elenchasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | elenchatoiō | elenchatoia |
| we 1st person plural | elenchanoiō | elenchanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | elenchavoiō | elenchavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | elenchaloiō | elenchaloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | elenchimoiō | elenchimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | elenchisoiō | elenchisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | elenchitoiō | elenchitoia |
| we 1st person plural | elenchinoiō | elenchinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | elenchivoiō | elenchivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | elenchiloiō | elenchiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | elencharō1×ἐλέγχειν | elenchari | elenchara1×ἐλέγξαι | elencharē |
| acted on passive voice | elenchirō | elenchiri | elenchira | elenchirē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 5 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | elencharōtos | elencharitos | elencharatos | elencharētos |
| acted on passive voice | elenchirōtos5×ἐλεγχόμενος | elenchiritos | elenchiratos | elenchirētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
elench is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Where it appears
18 occurrences, every one of them listed
elenchamō“reprove”happening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singular1×
Revelation 3:19“reprove”mis hosoin ean filameiō elenchamō kai paideuamō; zēleuasōr oun kai metanoasar.Those I love I rebuke and discipline. Therefore be earnest and repent.
elenchatō“convicts”happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular1×
John 8:46“convicts”tinos ek vu elenchatō min peri hamartau? ei alētheian legamō, dia tinem vis ouk pisteuavō mi?Which of you can prove Me guilty of sin? If I speak the truth, why do you not believe Me?
elenchitō“convicted”happening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
1 Corinthians 14:24“convicted”ean de pantois profēteualeiō, eiserchateia de tinos apistos ē idiōtos, elenchitō hupo pantoiu, anakrinitō hupo pantoiu,But if an unbeliever or uninstructed person comes in while everyone is prophesying, he will be convicted and called to account by all,
elenchati“convict”will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular1×
John 16:8“convict”kai ercharatos ekeinos elenchati ton kosmon peri hamartau kai peri dikaiosunau kai peri krisiau;And when He comes, He will convict the world in regard to sin and righteousness and judgment:
elenchiteia“exposed”happened · he/she/itaorist passive subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
John 3:20“exposed”pantos gar tos fauleim prassarōtos misatō tem fōtem kai ouk erchetō pros tem fōtem, hina mē elenchiteia teim ergeim autou;Everyone who does evil hates the Light, and does not come into the Light for fear that his deeds will be exposed.
elenchasōr“rebuke”happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular3×
1 Timothy 5:20“rebuke”toin hamartarōtoin enōpion pantoiu elenchasōr, hina kai tois loipois fobon echaleiō.But those who persist in sin should be rebuked in front of everyone, so that the others will stand in fear of sin.
Titus 1:13“rebuke”tas marturias houtas atō alēthas. dia han aitian elenchasōr autoin apotomōs, hina hugiainaleiō en ta pistia,This testimony is true. Therefore rebuke them sternly, so that they will be sound in the faith
Titus 2:15“rebuke”Houteim lalasōr kai parakalasōr kai elenchasōr meta pantau epitagau; mēdenos su perifronatōr.Speak these things as you encourage and rebuke with all authority. Let no one despise you.
elenchavōr“expose”happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural1×
Ephesians 5:11“expose”kai mē sunkoinōnavōr tei ergei tei akarpei teu skoteu, mallon de kai elenchavōr,Have no fellowship with the fruitless deeds of darkness, but rather expose them.
elenchasar“reprove”happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular2×
Matthew 18:15“show … fault”Ean de hamartateia eis sin tos adelfos su, hupagasōr elenchasar auton metaxu su kai autou monou. ean su akouateia, kerdainasa ton adelfon su;If your brother sins against you, go and confront him privately. If he listens to you, you have won your brother over.
2 Timothy 4:2“reprove”kērussasar ton logon, efistanasar eukairōs akairōs, elenchasar, epitimasar, parakalasar, en panta makrothumia kai didacha.Preach the word; be prepared in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and encourage with every form of patient instruction.
elencharō“refute”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive1×
Titus 1:9“refute”antecherōton tou kata tan didachan pistou logou, hina dunatos ateiō kai parakalarō en ta didaskalia ta hugiainarōta kai toin antilegarōtoin elencharō.He must hold firmly to the faithful word as it was taught, so that he can encourage others by sound teaching and refute those who contradict it.
elenchara“convict”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive1×
Jude 1:15“convict”poiara krisian kata pantoiu kai elenchara pantoin toin aseboin peri panteiu teiu ergeiu asebeiau autoiu heiu asebala kai peri panteiu teiu sklēreiu heiu lalala kata autou hamartōlois asebois.to execute judgment on everyone, and to convict all the ungodly of every ungodly act of wickedness and every harsh word spoken against Him by ungodly sinners.”
elenchirōtos“rebuked”happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative singular masculine2×
Luke 3:19“rebuked”tos de Hērōdos tos tetraarchos, elenchirōtos hupo autou peri Hērōdiadau tau gunaikau tou adelfou autou kai peri panteiu heiu poiata ponēreiu tos Hērōdos,But when he rebuked Herod the tetrarch regarding his brother’s wife Herodias and all the evils he had done,
Hebrews 12:5“reproved”kai eklanthanevē tau paraklēsiau, hotinas vi hōs huioi dialegetō, Huior mu, mē oligōrasōr paideiau kuriou, mēde ekluisōr hupo autou elenchirōtos;And you have forgotten the exhortation that addresses you as sons: “My son, do not take lightly the discipline of the Lord, and do not lose heart when He rebukes you.
elenchirōtois“convicted”happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative plural masculine2×
John 8:9tois de akouaratois kai hupo tau suneidēsiau elenchirōtois exerchale henos kata henos archeratois apo toiu presbuteroiu, kai kataleipita monos, tos Iēsus kai tas gunaikas en mese arōtas.When they heard this, they began to go away one by one, beginning with the older ones, until only Jesus was left, with the woman standing there.
James 2:9“convicted”ei de prosōpolēmptavō, hamartan ergazevō, elenchirōtois hupo tou nomou hōs parabatois.But if you show favoritism, you sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors.
elenchirōteim“exposed”happening now · subjectpresent passive participle direct plural neuter1×
Ephesians 5:13“exposed”teim de panteim elenchirōteim hupo teu fōteu faneritō,But everything exposed by the light becomes visible, for everything that is illuminated becomes a light itself.