Biblangbeta

verb

kopiamō

Greekκοπιάω (kopiaō)

Strong’sG2872

I grow weary, toil

stem kopi-23 times in the New Testamentin 14 of 27 books19 forms occur

Translated as

laborworkedlaboredtoilgrown wearyhard-workinglaborsweariedworked hardworkersworking hard

What it means

κοπιάω, -ῶ

(< κόπος), [in LXX chiefly for יגע;]

1. (as in cl.) to grow weary: Mt 11:28, Jo 4:6, Re 2:3 (cf. Is 40:31).
2. Hence, in LXX and NT, to work with effort, to toil: absol., Mt 6:28, Lk 5:5 12:27, Jo 4:38, Ac 20:35, I Co 4:12, Eph 4:28, II Ti 2:6; c. acc. rei, Jo 4:38; freq. in Paul. Epp., of ministerial labour: I Co 15:10 16:16; seq. ἐν, Ro 16:12, I Th 5:12 (v. M, Th., in l.), I Ti 5:17; εἰς, Ro 16:6, Ga 4:11, Phl 2:16, Col 1:29, I Ti 4:10.†

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.

Strong’s G2872 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from

Saidkop-ee-ah'-o

to feel fatigue; by implication, to work hard

Fromfrom a derivative of G2873;

King James(bestow) labour, toil, be wearied.

James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.

Forms in the New Testament

Form and the Greek behind itWhat it isUsuallyTimes
kopiamōκοπιῶhappening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singularlabor
kopiatōκοπιᾷhappening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singulartoil
kopianōκοπιῶμενhappening now · wepresent active indicative 1st person plurallabor
kopialōκοπιῶσινhappening now · theypresent active indicative 3rd person pluraltoil
kopiamaἐκοπίασαhappened · Iaorist active indicative 1st person singularlabor
kopiataἐκοπίασενhappened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singularworked
kopiamēκεκοπίακαhas happened · Iperfect active indicative 1st person singularlabored
kopiasēκεκοπίακεςhas happened · youperfect active indicative 2nd person singulargrown weary
kopiavēκεκοπιάκατεhas happened · yeperfect active indicative 2nd person plurallabor
kopialēκεκοπιάκασινhas happened · theyperfect active indicative 3rd person plurallabored
kopiatōrκοπιάτωhappening now · he/she/itpresent active imperative 3rd person singularlabor
kopiarōtonκοπιῶνταhappening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculinehard-working
kopiarōtoκοπιῶντιhappening now · to, forpresent active participle dative singular masculinelabors
kopiarōtoisκοπιῶντεςhappening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculinelabor
kopiarōtoinκοπιῶνταςhappening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural masculinelabor
kopiarōtainκοπιώσαςhappening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural feminineworkers
kopiarōtoirκοπιῶντεςhappening now · direct addresspresent active participle vocative plural masculinelabor
kopiaratoisκοπιάσαντεςhappened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculineworked hard
kopiarētosκεκοπιακὼςhas happened · subjectperfect active participle nominative singular masculinewearied

Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.

Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 13 occurrences
Who personhappening now presentwas happening imperfectwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfecthad happened pluperfect
I 1st person singularkopiamōκοπιῶkopiamekopiamikopiamaἐκοπίασαkopiamēκεκοπίακαkopiamelē
you 2nd person singularkopiasōkopiasekopiasikopiasakopiasēκεκοπίακεςkopiaselē
he/she/it 3rd person singularkopiatōκοπιᾷkopiatekopiatikopiataἐκοπίασενkopiatēkopiatelē
we 1st person pluralkopianōκοπιῶμενkopianekopianikopianakopianēkopianelē
ye 2nd person pluralkopiavōkopiavekopiavikopiavakopiavēκεκοπιάκατεkopiavelē
they 3rd person pluralkopialōκοπιῶσινkopialekopialikopialakopialēκεκοπιάκασινkopialelē
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
I 1st person singularkopiameiōkopiameiakopiameiē
you 2nd person singularkopiaseiōkopiaseiakopiaseiē
he/she/it 3rd person singularkopiateiōkopiateiakopiateiē
we 1st person pluralkopianeiōkopianeiakopianeiē
ye 2nd person pluralkopiaveiōkopiaveiakopiaveiē
they 3rd person pluralkopialeiōkopialeiakopialeiē
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
you 2nd person singularkopiasōrkopiasarkopiasēr
he/she/it 3rd person singularkopiatōrκοπιάτωkopiatarkopiatēr
ye 2nd person pluralkopiavōrkopiavarkopiavēr
they 3rd person pluralkopialōrkopialarkopialēr
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
Who personhappening now presenthappened aorist
I 1st person singularkopiamoiōkopiamoia
you 2nd person singularkopiasoiōkopiasoia
he/she/it 3rd person singularkopiatoiōkopiatoia
we 1st person pluralkopianoiōkopianoia
ye 2nd person pluralkopiavoiōkopiavoia
they 3rd person pluralkopialoiōkopialoia
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
the subject acts active voicekopiarōkopiarikopiarakopiarē
Used as an adjective — participle, 9 occurrences
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
the subject acts active voicekopiarōtoskopiaritoskopiaratoskopiarētosκεκοπιακὼς

Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.

How every form is built — the slots that make them
kopistem+aeiwho is acting voice+mstnvlwho person+eiroistatement, command, wish mood+ōeiaēelēwhen tense+tthen it declines+ogender+sits job in the sentence case

kopi is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.

same in every form varies — every value shown

Where it appears

23 occurrences, every one of them listed

kopiamō“labor”happening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singular

Colossians 1:29“labor”eis hem kai kopiamō agōnizerōtos kata tan energeian autou tan energerōtan en mi en dunamia.To this end I also labor, striving with all His energy working powerfully within me.

kopiatō“toil”happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular

Luke 12:27“toil”katanoavar teim krineim pōs auxanatō; ouk kopiatō oude nēthatō; legamō de vi, oude Solomōnos en panta ta doxa autou periballeta hōs henem houteiu.Consider how the lilies grow: They do not labor or spin. Yet I tell you, not even Solomon in all his glory was adorned like one of these.

kopianō“labor”happening now · wepresent active indicative 1st person plural

1 Corinthians 4:12“labor”kai kopianō ergazerōtois tai idiai cheirai; loidorirōtois euloganō, diōkirōtois anechenō,We work hard with our own hands. When we are vilified, we bless; when we are persecuted, we endure it;

1 Timothy 4:10“labor”eis houtem gar kopianō kai oneidizinō, hoti elpizanē epi theo zōarōto, hos atō sōtēros pantoiu anthrōpoiu, malista pistoiu.To this end we labor and strive, because we have set our hope on the living God, who is the Savior of everyone, and especially of those who believe.

kopialō“toil”happening now · theypresent active indicative 3rd person plural

Matthew 6:28“toil”kai peri endumeu tinem merimnavō? katamathavar teim krineim tou agrou pōs auxanalō; ouk kopialō oude nēthalō;And why do you worry about clothes? Consider how the lilies of the field grow: They do not labor or spin.

kopiama“labor”happened · Iaorist active indicative 1st person singular

1 Corinthians 15:10“worked”charia de theou amō hem amō, kai tas charias autou tas eis min ouk kenas ginita, alla perissoterem autoiu pantoiu kopiama, ouk mis de alla tas charias tou theou tas sun mi.But by the grace of God I am what I am, and His grace to me was not in vain. No, I worked harder than all of them — yet not I, but the grace of God that was with me.

Philippians 2:16“labor”logon zōau epecharōtois, eis kauchēmem mi eis hēmeran Christou, hoti ouk eis kenem trechama oude eis kenem kopiama.as you hold forth the word of life, in order that I may boast on the day of Christ that I did not run or labor in vain.

kopiata“worked”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular

Romans 16:6“worked”aspazevar Mariam, hotinas polleim kopiata eis vin.Greet Mary, who has worked very hard for you.

Romans 16:12“worked”aspazevar Trufainan kai Trufōsan tain kopiarōtain en kurio. aspazevar Persian tan agapētan, hotinas polleim kopiata en kurio.Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa, women who have worked hard in the Lord. Greet my beloved Persis, who has worked very hard in the Lord.

kopiamē“labored”has happened · Iperfect active indicative 1st person singular

Galatians 4:11“labored”fobemō vin mē pōs eikē kopiamē eis vin.I fear for you, that my efforts for you may have been in vain.

kopiasē“grown weary”has happened · youperfect active indicative 2nd person singular

Revelation 2:3“grown weary”kai hupomonan echasō, kai bastazasa dia tem onomem mu, kai ouk kopiasē.Without growing weary, you have persevered and endured many things for the sake of My name.

kopiavē“labor”has happened · yeperfect active indicative 2nd person plural

John 4:38“labor”mis apostelama vin therizarō hem ouk vis kopiavē; allois kopialē, kai vis eis ton kopon autoiu eiserchavē.I sent you to reap what you have not worked for; others have done the hard work, and now you have taken up their labor.”

kopialē“labored”has happened · theyperfect active indicative 3rd person plural

John 4:38“labored”mis apostelama vin therizarō hem ouk vis kopiavē; allois kopialē, kai vis eis ton kopon autoiu eiserchavē.I sent you to reap what you have not worked for; others have done the hard work, and now you have taken up their labor.”

kopiatōr“labor”happening now · he/she/itpresent active imperative 3rd person singular

Ephesians 4:28“labor”tos kleptarōtos mēketi kleptatōr, mallon de kopiatōr ergazerōtos tai idiai cheirai tem agathem, hina echateiō metadōarō to chreian echarōto.He who has been stealing must steal no longer, but must work, doing good with his own hands, that he may have something to share with the one in need.

kopiarōton“hard-working”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculine

2 Timothy 2:6“hard-working”ton kopiarōton geōrgon datō prōtem toiu karpoiu metalambarō.The hardworking farmer should be the first to partake of the crops.

kopiarōto“labors”happening now · to, forpresent active participle dative singular masculine

1 Corinthians 16:16“labors”hina kai vis hupotassiveiō toi toioutoi kai panto to sunergarōto kai kopiarōto.to submit to such as these, and to every fellow worker and laborer.

kopiarōtois“labor”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine

1 Timothy 5:17“labor”Tois kalōs proistanarētois presbuterois diplouau timau axiilōr, malista tois kopiarōtois en logo kai didaskalia;Elders who lead effectively are worthy of double honor, especially those who work hard at preaching and teaching.

kopiarōtoin“labor”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural masculine

Acts 20:35“working hard”panteim hupodeiknuama vi hoti houtōs kopiarōtoin datō antilambanerō toiu asthenarōtoiu, mnēmoneuarō tē toiu logoiu tou kuriou Iēsu hoti autos legata Makariem atō mallon dōarō ē lambarō.In everything, I showed you that by this kind of hard work we must help the weak, remembering the words of the Lord Jesus Himself: ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive.’ ”

1 Thessalonians 5:12“labor”Erōtanō de vin, adelfoir, oidarē toin kopiarōtoin en vi kai proistanerōtoin vu en kurio kai nouthetarōtoin vin,But we ask you, brothers, to acknowledge those who work diligently among you, who care for you in the Lord and who admonish you.

kopiarōtain“workers”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural feminine

Romans 16:12“workers”aspazevar Trufainan kai Trufōsan tain kopiarōtain en kurio. aspazevar Persian tan agapētan, hotinas polleim kopiata en kurio.Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa, women who have worked hard in the Lord. Greet my beloved Persis, who has worked very hard in the Lord.

kopiarōtoir“labor”happening now · direct addresspresent active participle vocative plural masculine

Matthew 11:28“labor”Deute pros min pantoir toir kopiarōtoir kai fortizirētoir, kamis anapauami vin.Come to Me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest.

kopiaratois“worked hard”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculine

Luke 5:5“worked hard”kai apokriniratos Simōnos legata; Epistator, dia holau nuxau kopiaratois oudenem lambana, epi de te rēme su chalami teim diktueim.“Master,” Simon replied, “we have worked hard all night without catching anything. But because You say so, I will let down the nets.”

kopiarētos“wearied”has happened · subjectperfect active participle nominative singular masculine

John 4:6“wearied”ate de ekei pēgas tou Iakōb. tos oun Iēsus kopiarētos ek tau hodoiporiau kathezete houtōs epi ta pēga; hōras ate hōs hektas.Since Jacob’s well was there, Jesus, weary from His journey, sat down by the well. It was about the sixth hour.