verb
adikamō
Strong’sG91
I act unjustly towards
stem adik-28 times in the New Testamentin 10 of 27 books20 forms occur
What it means
A plain-English reading of the word, with the lexicons it draws on — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones — right below it, in full.
AI Summary
Ἀδικέω means to act unjustly, do wrong, or behave wickedly 1234. It can be used simply of a person's own wrongdoing or bad conduct, without naming a victim 13.
It is also used transitively, to wrong, cheat, or injure someone 123 — to treat a particular person unfairly or defraud them of something 13, or more broadly to hurt or damage them physically 123. In the passive it describes someone who is wronged or has suffered wrong 13.
Sources: 1 Abbott-Smith 2 Strong's 3 LSJ 4 Dodson. Condensed by anthropic/claude-sonnet-5 on 2026-09-23 — it may still misstate what these say; check them yourself if it matters to you.
The lexicons it was drawn from, in full:
Abbott-Smith — the 1922 lexicon entry, in full
ἀδικέω, -ῶ
(< ἄδικος), [in LXX for עשׁק, עוה, etc.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G91 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidad-ee-keh'-o
to be unjust, i.e. (actively) do wrong (morally, socially or physically)
Fromfrom G94;
King Jameshurt, injure, be an offender, be unjust, (do, suffer, take) wrong.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Aeolic dialect ἀδικήω Refs 7th c.BC+, Doric dialect ἀδικίω Refsimperfect ἠδίκεον or ἠδίκευνRefs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future in middle form ἀδικήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+: —to be ἄδικος, do wrong (defined by Refs 4th c.BC+those who have sinned, Refs 5th c.BC+ and Attic dialect; τἀδικεῖν wrong-doing, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ μὴ ἀδικεῖν righteous dealing, Refs 4th c.BC+:— in legal phrase, do wrong in the eye of the law, the particular case being added in participle, as Σωκράτης ἀ... ποιῶν.. καὶ διδάσκωνRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. πολλά, μεγάλα, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. εἰς πόλιν, κτῆμα, Refs 4th c.AD+:—in games or contests, play foul, Refs 5th c.BC+
b in present, to be in the wrong, εἰ μὴ ἀδικῶ γε if I am not mistaken, Refs 5th c.BC+
II transitive with accusative person, wrong, injure, Refs 7th c.BC+:— ruin, of a girl, Refs 4th c.BC+: with double accusative, wrong one in a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be wronged, injured, μὴ δῆτ᾽ ἀδικηθῶRefs 5th c.BC+; present ἀδικεῖται, -ούμενος used for the perfect ἠδίκηται, -ημένος (see.Refs 5th c.BC+: with accusative, to be defrauded of, μισθὸν ἀδικίας variant in NT
II.2 harm, injure, ἀ. γῆνRefs 5th c.BC+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
3 rarer renderings are not shown; every occurrence below carries the English it was given there.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| adikamōἀδικῶ | happening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singular | wrongdoer | 2× |
| adikavōἀδικεῖτε | happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural | wrong | 2× |
| adikalōἀδικοῦσιν | happening now · theypresent active indicative 3rd person plural | inflict injury | 1× |
| adikovōἀδικεῖσθε | happening now · yepresent middle or passive indicative 2nd person plural | wronged | 1× |
| adikaliἀδικήσουσιν | will happen · theyfuture active indicative 3rd person plural | harm | 1× |
| adikamaἠδίκησα | happened · Iaorist active indicative 1st person singular | done … wrong | 1× |
| adikataἠδίκησεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | wronged | 2× |
| adikanaἠδικήσαμεν | happened · weaorist active indicative 1st person plural | wronged | 1× |
| adikavaἠδικήσατε | happened · yeaorist active indicative 2nd person plural | done … wrong | 1× |
| adikaseiaἀδικήσῃς | happened · youaorist active subjunctive 2nd person singular | damage | 1× |
| adikateiaἀδικήσῃ | happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular | harm | 1× |
| adikaveiaἀδικήσητε | happened · yeaorist active subjunctive 2nd person plural | harm | 1× |
| adikiteiaἀδικηθῇ | happened · he/she/itaorist passive subjunctive 3rd person singular | hurt | 1× |
| adikatarἀδικησάτω | happened · he/she/itaorist active imperative 3rd person singular | do evil | 1× |
| adikaraἀδικῆσαι | happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive | harm | 4× |
| adikarōntosἀδικῶν | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine | does wrong | 3× |
| adikorōntoisἀδικούμενοι | happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine | suffering wrong | 1× |
| adikorōntonἀδικούμενον | happening now · objectpresent middle or passive participle accusative singular masculine | wronged | 1× |
| adikarantouἀδικήσαντος | happened · of, belonging toaorist active participle genitive singular masculine | did the wrong | 1× |
| adikirantouἀδικηθέντος | happened · of, belonging toaorist passive participle genitive singular masculine | wronged | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 12 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | adikamō2×ἀδικῶ | adikame | adikami | adikama1×ἠδίκησα | adikamē | adikamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | adikasō | adikase | adikasi | adikasa | adikasē | adikaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikatō | adikate | adikati | adikata2×ἠδίκησεν | adikatē | adikatelē |
| we 1st person plural | adikanō | adikane | adikani | adikana1×ἠδικήσαμεν | adikanē | adikanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikavō2×ἀδικεῖτε | adikave | adikavi | adikava1×ἠδικήσατε | adikavē | adikavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | adikalō1×ἀδικοῦσιν | adikale | adikali1×ἀδικήσουσιν | adikala | adikalē | adikalelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | adikomō | adikome | adikomē | adikomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | adikosō | adikose | adikosē | adikoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikotō | adikote | adikotē | adikotelē |
| we 1st person plural | adikonō | adikone | adikonē | adikonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikovō1×ἀδικεῖσθε | adikove | adikovē | adikovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | adikolō | adikole | adikolē | adikolelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | adikimi | adikima |
| you 2nd person singular | adikisi | adikisa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikiti | adikita |
| we 1st person plural | adikini | adikina |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikivi | adikiva |
| they 3rd person plural | adikili | adikila |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 4 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | adikameiō | adikameia | adikameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | adikaseiō | adikaseia1×ἀδικήσῃς | adikaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikateiō | adikateia1×ἀδικήσῃ | adikateiē |
| we 1st person plural | adikaneiō | adikaneia | adikaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikaveiō | adikaveia1×ἀδικήσητε | adikaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | adikaleiō | adikaleia | adikaleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | adikomeiō | adikomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | adikoseiō | adikoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikoteiō | adikoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | adikoneiō | adikoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikoveiō | adikoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | adikoleiō | adikoleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | adikimeia |
| you 2nd person singular | adikiseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikiteia1×ἀδικηθῇ |
| we 1st person plural | adikineia |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikiveia |
| they 3rd person plural | adikileia |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | adikasōr | adikasar | adikasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikatōr | adikatar1×ἀδικησάτω | adikatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikavōr | adikavar | adikavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | adikalōr | adikalar | adikalēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | adikosōr | adikosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikotōr | adikotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikovōr | adikovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | adikolōr | adikolēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | adikisar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikitar |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikivar |
| they 3rd person plural | adikilar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | adikamoiō | adikamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | adikasoiō | adikasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikatoiō | adikatoia |
| we 1st person plural | adikanoiō | adikanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikavoiō | adikavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | adikaloiō | adikaloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | adikomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | adikosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | adikonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | adikoloiō |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | adikimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | adikisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | adikitoia |
| we 1st person plural | adikinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | adikivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | adikiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 4 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | adikarō | adikari | adikara4×ἀδικῆσαι | adikarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | adikorō | adikorē | ||
| acted on passive voice | adikiri | adikira |
Used as an adjective — participle, 7 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | adikarōntos3×ἀδικῶν | adikarintos | adikarantos1× | adikarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | adikorōntos2× | adikorēntos | ||
| acted on passive voice | adikirintos | adikirantos1× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
adik is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Other words sharing the exact same stem — not merely related in meaning.
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
28 occurrences, every one of them listed
adikamō“wrongdoer”happening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singular2×
Matthew 20:13“doing … wrong”… apokrinirantos heno autoiu legata; Hetairor, ouk adikamō sin; ouchi dēnarieu sumfōnasa mi?But he answered one of them, ‘Friend, I am not being unfair to you. Did you not agree with me on one denarius?
Acts 25:11“wrongdoer”ei men oun adikamō kai axiem thanatou prassamē tinem, ouk …If, however, I am guilty of anything worthy of death, I do not refuse to …
adikavō“wrong”happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural2×
Acts 7:26“wrong”… eirēnan legarantos; Androir, adelfois avō; hinati adikavō allēloin?… reconcile them, saying, ‘Men, you are brothers. Why are you mistreating each other?’
1 Corinthians 6:8alla vis adikavō kai aposteravō, kai houtem adelfoin.Instead, you yourselves cheat and do wrong, even against your own brothers!
adikalō“inflict injury”happening now · theypresent active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Revelation 9:19“inflict injury”… ofioi, echarōntais kefalain, kai en autai adikalō.… like snakes, having heads with which to …
adikovō“wronged”happening now · yepresent middle or passive indicative 2nd person plural1×
1 Corinthians 6:7… meta heautoiu; dia tinem ouchi mallon adikovō? dia tinem ouchi mallon aposterovō?… defeated already. Why not rather be wronged? Why not rather be cheated?
adikali“harm”will happen · theyfuture active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Revelation 9:4kai legita autai hina mē adikali ton chorton tau gēau oude pantem …They were told not to harm the grass of the earth or …
adikama“done … wrong”happened · Iaorist active indicative 1st person singular1×
Acts 25:10… hou min datō krinorō. Ioudaioin oudenem adikama, hōs kai sis kaloterem epignōskasō.… ought to be tried. I have done nothing wrong to the Jews, as you yourself …
adikata“wronged”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular2×
Colossians 3:25tos gar adikarōntos komizeti hem adikata, kai ouk atō prosōpolēmpsias.… wrong will be repaid for his wrong, and there is no favoritism.
Philemon 1:18ei de tinem adikata sin ē ofeilatō, houtem mi ellogasōr;But if he has wronged you in any way or owes …
adikana“wronged”happened · weaorist active indicative 1st person plural1×
2 Corinthians 7:2Chōravar nin; oudenon adikana, oudenon ftherana, oudenon pleonektana.… us in your hearts. We have wronged no one, we have corrupted no …
adikava“done … wrong”happened · yeaorist active indicative 2nd person plural1×
Galatians 4:12… vis, adelfoir, domō vu. oudenem min adikava;… I became like you. You have done me no wrong.
adikaseia“damage”happened · youaorist active subjunctive 2nd person singular1×
Revelation 6:6“damage”… tem elaiem kai ton oinon mē adikaseia.… and do not harm the oil and wine.”
adikateia“harm”happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
Luke 10:19… echthrou, kai oudenem vin ouk mē adikateia.… power of the enemy. Nothing will harm you.
adikaveia“harm”happened · yeaorist active subjunctive 2nd person plural1×
Revelation 7:3legarōntos; Mē adikaveia tan gēan mēte tan thalassan mēte …“Do not harm the land or sea or trees …
adikiteia“hurt”happened · he/she/itaorist passive subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
Revelation 2:11“hurt”… tai ekklēsai. tos nikarōntos ouk mē adikiteia ek tou thanatou tou deuterou.… says to the churches. The one who overcomes will not be harmed by the second death.
adikatar“do evil”happened · he/she/itaorist active imperative 3rd person singular1×
Revelation 22:11“do evil”tos adikarōntos adikatar ēti, kai tos ruparos rupareuitar ēti, …Let the unrighteous continue to be unrighteous, and the vile continue …
adikara“harm”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive4×
Revelation 7:2… toi tessares angeloi hoi dōita autoi adikara tan gēan kai tan thalassan,… who had been given power to harm the land and the sea:
Revelation 9:10“hurt”… tai ourai autaiu tas exousias autaiu adikara toin anthrōpoin mēnoin pente.… which had the power to injure people for five months.
Revelation 11:5kai ei tinos autoin thelatō adikara, purem ekporeuotō ek teu stomeu autoiu …If anyone wants to harm them, fire proceeds from their mouths …
Revelation 11:5… autoiu; kai ei tinos thelateia autoin adikara, houtōs datō auton apoktenira.… this way, anyone who wants to harm them must be killed.
adikarōntos“does wrong”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine3×
Acts 7:27“wronging”tos de adikarōntos ton plēsion apōtheta auton legarantos; Tinos …But the man who was abusing his neighbor pushed Moses aside and said, ‘Who made you …
Colossians 3:25tos gar adikarōntos komizeti hem adikata, kai ouk atō …Whoever does wrong will be repaid for his wrong …
Revelation 22:11“does wrong”tos adikarōntos adikatar ēti, kai tos ruparos rupareuitar …Let the unrighteous continue to be unrighteous, and the vile continue …
adikorōntois“suffering wrong”happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle nominative plural masculine1×
2 Peter 2:13“suffering wrong”adikorōntois misthon adikiau; hēdonan hēgorōntois tan en …… suffer is the wages of their wickedness. They consider it a pleasure to carouse in broad daylight …
adikorōnton“wronged”happening now · objectpresent middle or passive participle accusative singular masculine1×
Acts 7:24“wronged”kai horarantos tinon adikorōnton amuneta kai poiata ekdikēsian to kataponorōnto …And when he saw one of them being mistreated, Moses went to his defense and avenged him …
adikarantou“did the wrong”happened · of, belonging toaorist active participle genitive singular masculine1×
2 Corinthians 7:12“did the wrong”… kai grafama vi, ouk heneken tou adikarantou, oude heneken tou adikirantou, alla heneken …So even though I wrote to you, it was not on account of the one who did wrong or the one who was harmed, but rather that …
adikirantou“wronged”happened · of, belonging toaorist passive participle genitive singular masculine1×
2 Corinthians 7:12“wronged”… heneken tou adikarantou, oude heneken tou adikirantou, alla heneken teu fanerira tan spoudan …… account of the one who did wrong or the one who was harmed, but rather that your earnestness on our behalf would be made clear to you in the sight of …