verb
epikalemō
Greekἐπικαλέω (epikaleō)
Strong’sG1941
I call by an additional name, appeal to
stem epikal-30 times in the New Testamentin 9 of 27 books24 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
ἐπι-καλέω, -ῶ
[in LXX chiefly for קָרָא;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G1941 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidep-ee-kal-eh'-om-ahee
to entitle; by implication, to invoke (for aid, worship, testimony, decision, etc.)
Frommiddle voice from G1909 and G2564;
King Jamesappeal (unto), call (on, upon), surname.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| epikalemōἐπικαλοῦμαι | happening now · Ipresent middle indicative 1st person singular | call | 2× |
| epikalevōἐπικαλεῖσθε | happening now · yepresent middle indicative 2nd person plural | call on | 1× |
| epikalitōἐπικαλεῖται | happening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singular | called | 2× |
| epikalalaἐπεκάλεσαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | called | 1× |
| epikalitaἐπεκλήθη | happened · he/she/itaorist passive indicative 3rd person singular | called | 1× |
| epikalesēἐπικέκλησαι | has happened · youperfect middle indicative 2nd person singular | appealed | 1× |
| epikalitēἐπικέκληται | has happened · he/she/itperfect passive indicative 3rd person singular | called | 1× |
| epikaletelēἐπεκέκλητο | had happened · he/she/itpluperfect middle indicative 3rd person singular | appealed to | 1× |
| epikaleteiaἐπικαλέσηται | happened · he/she/itaorist middle subjunctive 3rd person singular | calls on | 2× |
| epikaleleiaἐπικαλέσωνται | happened · theyaorist middle subjunctive 3rd person plural | call on | 1× |
| epikalirōἐπικαλεῖσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent passive infinitive | called | 1× |
| epikaleraἐπικαλέσασθαι | happened · the “to …” formaorist middle infinitive | appeal to | 1× |
| epikalerōtonἐπικαλούμενον | happening now · objectpresent middle participle accusative singular masculine | called out | 1× |
| epikalerōtoinἐπικαλουμένους | happening now · objectpresent middle participle accusative plural masculine | call on | 3× |
| epikalerōtoiuἐπικαλουμένων | happening now · of, belonging topresent middle participle genitive plural masculine | call on | 1× |
| epikalerōtoiἐπικαλουμένοις | happening now · to, forpresent middle participle dative plural masculine | call on | 1× |
| epikalirōtosἐπικαλούμενος | happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative singular masculine | called | 1× |
| epikalirōtonἐπικαλούμενον | happening now · objectpresent passive participle accusative singular masculine | called | 1× |
| epikalirōtouἐπικαλουμένου | happening now · of, belonging topresent passive participle genitive singular masculine | name | 1× |
| epikaleratosἐπικαλεσάμενος | happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative singular masculine | calling on | 1× |
| epikaleratouἐπικαλεσαμένου | happened · of, belonging toaorist middle participle genitive singular masculine | appealed | 2× |
| epikaliratosἐπικληθεὶς | happened · subjectaorist passive participle nominative singular masculine | called | 1× |
| epikaliratonἐπικληθέντα | happened · objectaorist passive participle accusative singular masculine | called | 1× |
| epikaliratemἐπικληθὲν | happened · objectaorist passive participle direct singular neuter | called | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 258, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 10 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epikalamō | epikalame | epikalami | epikalama | epikalamē | epikalamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | epikalasō | epikalase | epikalasi | epikalasa | epikalasē | epikalaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikalatō | epikalate | epikalati | epikalata | epikalatē | epikalatelē |
| we 1st person plural | epikalanō | epikalane | epikalani | epikalana | epikalanē | epikalanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalavō | epikalave | epikalavi | epikalava | epikalavē | epikalavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | epikalalō | epikalale | epikalali | epikalala1×ἐπεκάλεσαν | epikalalē | epikalalelē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epikalemō2×ἐπικαλοῦμαι | epikaleme | epikalemi | epikalema | epikalemē | epikalemelē |
| you 2nd person singular | epikalesō | epikalese | epikalesi | epikalesa | epikalesē1×ἐπικέκλησαι | epikaleselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikaletō | epikalete | epikaleti | epikaleta | epikaletē | epikaletelē1×ἐπεκέκλητο |
| we 1st person plural | epikalenō | epikalene | epikaleni | epikalena | epikalenē | epikalenelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalevō1×ἐπικαλεῖσθε | epikaleve | epikalevi | epikaleva | epikalevē | epikalevelē |
| they 3rd person plural | epikalelō | epikalele | epikaleli | epikalela | epikalelē | epikalelelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epikalimō | epikalime | epikalimi | epikalima | epikalimē | epikalimelē |
| you 2nd person singular | epikalisō | epikalise | epikalisi | epikalisa | epikalisē | epikaliselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikalitō2×ἐπικαλεῖται | epikalite | epikaliti | epikalita1×ἐπεκλήθη | epikalitē1×ἐπικέκληται | epikalitelē |
| we 1st person plural | epikalinō | epikaline | epikalini | epikalina | epikalinē | epikalinelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalivō | epikalive | epikalivi | epikaliva | epikalivē | epikalivelē |
| they 3rd person plural | epikalilō | epikalile | epikalili | epikalila | epikalilē | epikalilelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 3 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epikalameiō | epikalameia | epikalameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | epikalaseiō | epikalaseia | epikalaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikalateiō | epikalateia | epikalateiē |
| we 1st person plural | epikalaneiō | epikalaneia | epikalaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalaveiō | epikalaveia | epikalaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | epikalaleiō | epikalaleia | epikalaleiē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epikalemeiō | epikalemeia | epikalemeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | epikaleseiō | epikaleseia | epikaleseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikaleteiō | epikaleteia2×ἐπικαλέσηται | epikaleteiē |
| we 1st person plural | epikaleneiō | epikaleneia | epikaleneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikaleveiō | epikaleveia | epikaleveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | epikaleleiō | epikaleleia1×ἐπικαλέσωνται | epikaleleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epikalimeiō | epikalimeia | epikalimeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | epikaliseiō | epikaliseia | epikaliseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikaliteiō | epikaliteia | epikaliteiē |
| we 1st person plural | epikalineiō | epikalineia | epikalineiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikaliveiō | epikaliveia | epikaliveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | epikalileiō | epikalileia | epikalileiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | epikalasōr | epikalasar | epikalasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikalatōr | epikalatar | epikalatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalavōr | epikalavar | epikalavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | epikalalōr | epikalalar | epikalalēr |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | epikalesōr | epikalesar | epikalesēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikaletōr | epikaletar | epikaletēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalevōr | epikalevar | epikalevēr |
| they 3rd person plural | epikalelōr | epikalelar | epikalelēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | epikalisōr | epikalisar | epikalisēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikalitōr | epikalitar | epikalitēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalivōr | epikalivar | epikalivēr |
| they 3rd person plural | epikalilōr | epikalilar | epikalilēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epikalamoiō | epikalamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | epikalasoiō | epikalasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikalatoiō | epikalatoia |
| we 1st person plural | epikalanoiō | epikalanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalavoiō | epikalavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | epikalaloiō | epikalaloia |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epikalemoiō | epikalemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | epikalesoiō | epikalesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikaletoiō | epikaletoia |
| we 1st person plural | epikalenoiō | epikalenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalevoiō | epikalevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | epikaleloiō | epikaleloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | epikalimoiō | epikalimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | epikalisoiō | epikalisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | epikalitoiō | epikalitoia |
| we 1st person plural | epikalinoiō | epikalinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | epikalivoiō | epikalivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | epikaliloiō | epikaliloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | epikalarō | epikalari | epikalara | epikalarē |
| acts on or for itself middle voice | epikalerō | epikaleri | epikalera1×ἐπικαλέσασθαι | epikalerē |
| acted on passive voice | epikalirō1×ἐπικαλεῖσθαι | epikaliri | epikalira | epikalirē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 15 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | epikalarōtos | epikalaritos | epikalaratos | epikalarētos |
| acts on or for itself middle voice | epikalerōtos6× | epikaleritos | epikaleratos3×ἐπικαλεσάμενος | epikalerētos |
| acted on passive voice | epikalirōtos3×ἐπικαλούμενος | epikaliritos | epikaliratos3×ἐπικληθεὶς | epikalirētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
epikal is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
30 occurrences, every one of them listed
epikalemō“call”happening now · Ipresent middle indicative 1st person singular2×
Acts 25:11“appeal to”ei men oun adikamō kai axiem thanatou prassamē tinem, ouk paraitemō tem apothnēskara; ei de oudenem atō heiu houtois katēgoralō mu, oudenos min dunetō autoi charizera; Kaisaron epikalemō.If, however, I am guilty of anything worthy of death, I do not refuse to die. But if there is no truth to their accusations against me, no one has the right to hand me over to them. I appeal to Caesar!”
2 Corinthians 1:23“call”Mis de marturon ton theon epikalemō epi tan ēman psuchan, hoti feiderōtos vu ouketi erchama eis Korinthan.I call God as my witness that it was in order to spare you that I did not return to Corinth.
epikalevō“call on”happening now · yepresent middle indicative 2nd person plural1×
1 Peter 1:17“call on”Kai ei patēron epikalevō ton aprosōpolēmptōs krinarōton kata tem hekastou ergem, en fobo ton tau paroikiau vu chronon anastrefivar;Since you call on a Father who judges each one’s work impartially, conduct yourselves in reverent fear during your stay as foreigners.
epikalitō“called”happening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singular2×
Acts 10:5“called”kai nun pempasar anēroin eis Ioppan kai metapempesar Simōnon tinon hos epikalitō Petros;Now send men to Joppa to call for a man named Simon who is called Peter.
Acts 10:32“called”pempasar oun eis Ioppan kai metakalesar Simōnon hos epikalitō Petros; houtos xenizitō en oikia Simōnou bursevou para thalassan.Therefore send to Joppa for Simon, who is called Peter. He is a guest in the home of Simon the tanner, by the sea.’
epikalala“called”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Matthew 10:25“called”arketem to mathēto hina gineteia hōs tos didaskalos autou, kai tos doulos hōs tos kurios autou. ei ton oikodespoton Beelzeboul epikalala, pose mallon toin oikiakoin autou.It is enough for a disciple to be like his teacher, and a servant like his master. If the head of the house has been called Beelzebul, how much more the members of his household!
epikalita“called”happened · he/she/itaorist passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 1:23“called”kai histanala duo, Iōsēf ton kalirōton Barsabbaon, hos epikalita Ioustos, kai Maththion.So they proposed two men: Joseph called Barsabbas (also known as Justus) and Matthias.
epikalesē“appealed”has happened · youperfect middle indicative 2nd person singular1×
Acts 25:12“appealed”tote tos Fēstos sullalaratos meta teu sumboulieu apokrinita; Kaisaron epikalesē, epi Kaisaron poreuesi.Then Festus conferred with his council and replied, “You have appealed to Caesar. To Caesar you will go!”
epikalitē“called”has happened · he/she/itperfect passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 15:17“called”hopōs an ekzētaleia tois kataloipois toiu anthrōpoiu ton kurion, kai panteim teim ethneim epi hoin epikalitē tem onomem mu epi autoin, legatō kurios poiarōtos houteimso that the remnant of men may seek the Lord, and all the Gentiles who are called by My name, says the Lord who does these things
epikaletelē“appealed to”had happened · he/she/itpluperfect middle indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 26:32“appealed to”Agrippaos de to Fēsto fēate; Apoluirē dunete tos anthrōpos houtos ei mē epikaletelē Kaisaron.And Agrippa said to Festus, “This man could have been released if he had not appealed to Caesar.”
epikaleteia“calls on”happened · he/she/itaorist middle subjunctive 3rd person singular2×
Acts 2:21“calls on”kai eti pantos hos ean epikaleteia tem onomem kuriou sōziti.And everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.’
Romans 10:13“calls on”Pantos gar hos an epikaleteia tem onomem kuriou sōziti.for, “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.”
epikaleleia“call on”happened · theyaorist middle subjunctive 3rd person plural1×
Romans 10:14“call on”Pōs oun epikaleleia eis hon ouk pisteuala? pōs de pisteualeia hou ouk akouala? pōs de akoualeia chōris kērussarōtou?How then can they call on the One in whom they have not believed? And how can they believe in the One of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone to preach?
epikalirō“called”happening now · the “to …” formpresent passive infinitive1×
Hebrews 11:16“called”nun de kreittōnau oregelō, houtem atō epouranau. dio ouk epaischunetō autoin tos theos theos epikalirō autoiu, hetoimazata gar autoi politan.Instead, they were longing for a better country, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God, for He has prepared a city for them.
epikalera“appeal to”happened · the “to …” formaorist middle infinitive1×
Acts 28:19“appeal to”antilegarōtoiu de toiu Ioudaioiu anankazima epikalera Kaisaron, ouk hōs teu ethneu mu echarōtos tinem katēgorarō.But when the Jews objected, I was compelled to appeal to Caesar, even though I have no charge to bring against my nation.
epikalerōton“called out”happening now · objectpresent middle participle accusative singular masculine1×
Acts 7:59“called out”kai lithobolale ton Stefanon epikalerōton kai legarōton; Kurior Iēsur, dechesar tem pneumem mu;While they were stoning him, Stephen appealed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.”
epikalerōtoin“call on”happening now · objectpresent middle participle accusative plural masculine3×
Acts 9:14“call on”kai hōde echatō exousian para toiu archierevoiu dara pantoin toin epikalerōtoin tem onomem su.And now he is here with authority from the chief priests to arrest all who call on Your name.”
Acts 9:21“called on”existanele de pantois tois akouarōtois kai legale; Ouk houtos atō tos portharatos en Ierousalēm toin epikalerōtoin tem onomem houtem, kai hōde eis houtem erchatelē hina dirētoin autoin agateia epi toin archierevoin?All who heard him were astounded and asked, “Isn’t this the man who wreaked havoc in Jerusalem on those who call on this name? And hasn’t he come here to take them as prisoners to the chief priests?”
Romans 10:12“call on”ouk gar atō diastolas Ioudaiou tē kai Hellēnou, tos gar autos kurios pantoiu, ploutarōtos eis pantoin toin epikalerōtoin auton;For there is no difference between Jew and Greek: The same Lord is Lord of all, and gives richly to all who call on Him,
epikalerōtoiu“call on”happening now · of, belonging topresent middle participle genitive plural masculine1×
2 Timothy 2:22“call on”tain de neōterikain epithumiain feugasōr, diōkasōr de dikaiosunan, pistian, agapan, eirēnan meta toiu epikalerōtoiu ton kurion ek katharau kardiau.Flee from youthful passions and pursue righteousness, faith, love, and peace, together with those who call on the Lord out of a pure heart.
epikalerōtoi“call on”happening now · to, forpresent middle participle dative plural masculine1×
1 Corinthians 1:2“call on”ta ekklēsa tou theou, hagiazirētoi en Christo Iēso, ta arōta en Korintha, klētoi hagioi, sun pantoi toi epikalerōtoi tem onomem tou kuriou nu Iēsu Christou en panto topo autoiu kai nu;To the church of God in Corinth, to those sanctified in Christ Jesus and called to be holy, together with all those everywhere who call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, their Lord and ours:
epikalirōtos“called”happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative singular masculine1×
Acts 10:18“called”kai fōnaratois punthanele ei Simōnos tos epikalirōtos Petros enthade xenizitō.They called out to ask if Simon called Peter was staying there.
epikalirōton“called”happening now · objectpresent passive participle accusative singular masculine1×
Acts 11:13“called”apangellata de ni pōs horata ton angelon en to oiko autou histaniraton kai legaraton; Apostelasar eis Ioppan kai metapempesar Simōnon ton epikalirōton Petron,He told us how he had seen an angel standing in his house and saying, ‘Send to Joppa for Simon who is called Peter.
epikalirōtou“name”happening now · of, belonging topresent passive participle genitive singular masculine1×
Acts 12:12“name”Sunoraratos tē erchata epi tan oikian tau Mariau tau mētērau Iōannou tou epikalirōtou Markou, hou ale hikanois sunathroizirētois kai proseucherōtois.And when he had realized this, he went to the house of Mary the mother of John, also called Mark, where many people had gathered together and were praying.
epikaleratos“calling on”happened · subjectaorist middle participle nominative singular masculine1×
Acts 22:16“calling on”kai nun tinem mellasō? anistanaratos baptizesar kai apolouesar tain hamartain su epikaleratos tem onomem autou.And now what are you waiting for? Get up, be baptized, and wash your sins away, calling on His name.’
epikaleratou“appealed”happened · of, belonging toaorist middle participle genitive singular masculine2×
Acts 25:21“appealed”tou de Paulou epikaleratou tērira auton eis tan tou Sebastou diagnōsian, keleuama tērirō auton heōs hou anapempameia auton pros Kaisaron.But when Paul appealed to be held over for the decision of the Emperor, I ordered that he be held until I could send him to Caesar.”
Acts 25:25“appealed to”mis de katalambema mēdenem axiem auton thanatou prassarē, autou de houtou epikaleratou ton Sebaston krinama pemparō.But I found he had done nothing worthy of death, and since he has now appealed to the Emperor, I decided to send him.
epikaliratos“called”happened · subjectaorist passive participle nominative singular masculine1×
Acts 4:36“called”Iōsēf de tos epikaliratos Barnabaos apo toiu apostoloiu, hem atō methermēneuirōtem huios paraklēsiau, Leuitos, Kuprios te gene,Joseph, a Levite from Cyprus, whom the apostles called Barnabas (vvv meaning Son of Encouragement),
epikaliraton“called”happened · objectaorist passive participle accusative singular masculine1×
Acts 12:25“called”Barnabaos de kai Saulos hupostrefala, eis Ierousalēm plēraratois tan diakonian, sumparalambaratois Iōannon ton epikaliraton Markon.When Barnabas and Saul had fulfilled their mission to Jerusalem, they returned, bringing with them John, also called Mark.
epikaliratem“called”happened · objectaorist passive participle direct singular neuter1×
James 2:7“called”ouk autois blasfēmalō tem kalem onomem tem epikaliratem epi vin?Are they not the ones who blaspheme the noble name by which you have been called?