verb
episkiazamō
Strong’sG1982
I overshadow, envelop
stem episkiaz-5 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books5 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
ἐπι-σκιάζω
[in LXX: Ex 40:29(35) (שָׁכַן), Ps 90(91):4 139(140):7 (סָכַךְ), Pr 18:11 *;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G1982 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidep-ee-skee-ad'-zo
to cast a shade upon, i.e. (by analogy) to envelop in a haze of brilliancy; figuratively, to invest with preternatural influence
Fromfrom G1909 and a derivative of G4639;
King Jamesovershadow.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
throw a shade upon, overshadow, τῇ [πτέρυγι] τὴν Ἀσίην NT+5th c.BC+:—passive, Refs 1st c.AD+; opposed to φωτίζειν, Refs 2nd c.AD+ —middle, -σκιάζεσθαι τὸν ἥλιον to ward off the sun's rays, Refs: metaphorically, conceal, obscure, ἀλήθειαν πλάσμασι μυθικοῖς Refs 1st c.AD+; τὰ δεινὰ ἑτέροις ὀνόμασιν ἐ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὴν θωπείαν, τὸν βίον, Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, τῇ εὐγενεία Refs 2nd c.AD+; λαθραῖον ὄμμ᾽ ἐπεσκιασμένη keeping a hidden watch, Refs 5th c.BC+
2. darken, obscure, Refs 1st c.AD+: metaphorically, ἀφροσύνη ἐ. ψυχήν Refs
3. of the Divine presence, overshadow for protection, etc., τινί LXX; ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλήν τινοςNT
4. passive, to be weak-sighted, Refs 2nd c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| episkiazateἐπεσκίαζεν | was happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singular | overshadowed | 1× |
| episkiazatiἐπισκιάσει | will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular | overshadow | 1× |
| episkiazataἐπεσκίασεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | overshadowed | 1× |
| episkiazateiaἐπισκιάσῃ | happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular | fall on | 1× |
| episkiazarōntasἐπισκιάζουσα | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular feminine | overshadowed | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 3 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | episkiazamō | episkiazame | episkiazami | episkiazama | episkiazamē | episkiazamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | episkiazasō | episkiazase | episkiazasi | episkiazasa | episkiazasē | episkiazaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | episkiazatō | episkiazate1×ἐπεσκίαζεν | episkiazati1×ἐπισκιάσει | episkiazata1×ἐπεσκίασεν | episkiazatē | episkiazatelē |
| we 1st person plural | episkiazanō | episkiazane | episkiazani | episkiazana | episkiazanē | episkiazanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | episkiazavō | episkiazave | episkiazavi | episkiazava | episkiazavē | episkiazavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | episkiazalō | episkiazale | episkiazali | episkiazala | episkiazalē | episkiazalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | episkiazameiō | episkiazameia | episkiazameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | episkiazaseiō | episkiazaseia | episkiazaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | episkiazateiō | episkiazateia1×ἐπισκιάσῃ | episkiazateiē |
| we 1st person plural | episkiazaneiō | episkiazaneia | episkiazaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | episkiazaveiō | episkiazaveia | episkiazaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | episkiazaleiō | episkiazaleia | episkiazaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | episkiazasōr | episkiazasar | episkiazasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | episkiazatōr | episkiazatar | episkiazatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | episkiazavōr | episkiazavar | episkiazavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | episkiazalōr | episkiazalar | episkiazalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | episkiazamoiō | episkiazamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | episkiazasoiō | episkiazasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | episkiazatoiō | episkiazatoia |
| we 1st person plural | episkiazanoiō | episkiazanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | episkiazavoiō | episkiazavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | episkiazaloiō | episkiazaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | episkiazarō | episkiazari | episkiazara | episkiazarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | episkiazarōntos1× | episkiazarintos | episkiazarantos | episkiazarēntos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
episkiaz is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
5 occurrences, every one of them listed
episkiazate“overshadowed”was happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Luke 9:34“overshadowed”… de autou legarōntou geneta nefelas kai episkiazate autoin; fobila de en te eiserchara …… speaking, a cloud appeared and enveloped them, and they were afraid as they entered the cloud.
episkiazati“overshadow”will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Luke 1:35… epercheti epi sin, kai dunamias Hupsistou episkiazati si; dio kai tem gennorōntem hagiem …… power of the Most High will overshadow you. So the Holy One to …
episkiazata“overshadowed”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Matthew 17:5“overshadowed”ēti autou lalarōntou idou nefelas fōteinas episkiazata autoin, kai idou fōnas ek tau …… Peter was still speaking, a bright cloud enveloped them, and a voice from the cloud said …
episkiazateia“fall on”happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
Acts 5:15… hina erchorōntou Petrou kan tas skias episkiazateia tino autoiu.… that at least Peter’s shadow might fall on some of them as he passed …
episkiazarōntas“overshadowed”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular feminine1×
Mark 9:7“overshadowed”kai geneta nefelas episkiazarōntas autoi, kai geneta fōnas ek tau …Then a cloud appeared and enveloped them, and a voice came from the cloud: “This …