Biblangbeta

verb

Greekσυμβαίνω (sumbainō)
Biblang

sumbainamō

Strong’sG4819

I happen, occur

stem sumbain-8 times in the New Testamentin 6 of 27 books8 forms occur

What it means

What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.

συμ-βαίνω

[in LXX for עשׂה, קרא, קרה, etc.;]

1. to stand with the feet together.
2. to come together, come to terms.
3. Of events, to come to pass, happen: c. dat. pers., Mk 10:32, Ac 3:10 20:19, I Co 10:11, I Pe 4:12, II Pe 2:22; absol., τὰ συμβεβηκότα, Lk 24:14 (cf. I Mac 4:26); c. acc. et inf., Ac 21:35.†

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.

Strong’s G4819 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from

Saidsoom-bah'-ee-no

to walk (figuratively, transpire) together, i.e. concur (take place)

Fromfrom G4862 and the base of G939;

King Jamesbe(-fall), happen (unto).

James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.

Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
συμβαίνω,
future -βήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+perfect -βέβηκα, 3rd.pers. plural -βεβᾶσιRefs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect infinitive -βεβάναιRefs 5th c.BC+: perfect infinitive passive -βεβάσθαιRefs 5th c.BC+aorist 2 συνέβην (see. below): aorist 1 subjunctive passive ξυμβᾰθῇ Refs:— stand with the feet together, Refs 5th c.BC+; συμβᾶσα τὼ πόδε, opposed to περιβάδην, Refs 3rd c.AD+; Παλλάδιον τοῖς ποσὶ συμβεβηκός a statue with closed feet, as in early Greek art, Refs 2nd c.AD+
2 σ. κακοῖς to be joined to them, i.e. increase them, Refs 5th c.BC+
3 meet, σὺν δ᾽ ἔβη ἐν Φιλότητι Refs 5th c.BC+; ξυμβέβηκε δ᾽ οὐδαμοῦ has never come in my way, has had naught to do with me, Refs 5th c.BC+
4 attack jointly, ἐπὶ Ναξίους Refs 1st c.BC+
II most frequently metaphorically, come to an agreement, come to terms, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπ᾽ ἐλάττονι σ. agree on (i.e. to accept) less, Refs 2nd c.AD+: with dative, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.: with neuter adjective, ἐὰν ξυμβῶ τί σοι Refs 5th c.BC+; ξ. τὰ πλείω, οὐδέν, Refs: with infinitive, συνέβησαν ἐς τὠυτὸ.., τὸν δὲ βασιλεύειν Refs 5th c.BC+; ξ. ἤν τις ἁλίσκηται,.. δοῦλον εἶναιRefs 5th c.BC+; σ. εἰς τὸ μέσον agree to a compromise, Refs 5th c.BC+; λόγοις σ., of a verbal agreement, Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, make friends with, ἐκ πολέμου ξ. Refs 5th c.BC+perfect συμβεβάναι and passive, of the agreement, δοκέοντες πάντα συμβεβάναι that everything had been settled, or that they had settled everything, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.2 agree with, be on good terms with, οὐ.. Ἀθηναίοισι συνέβαιν᾽ Αἰσχύλος Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. ἑκατέρᾳ τῶν στάσεων hold with one and other of them, Refs 1st c.BC+
II.3 of things, tally, correspond with, ὁ χρόνος ἐδόκεε τῇ ἡλικίῃ συμβαίνειν Refs 5th c.BC+; χρησμοί τε συμβαίνουσι are in harmony therewith, Refs 5th c.BC+; αὐτὸ σ. εἰς ταύτην εἶναι πέμπτην five days later exactly tallies, Refs 4th c.BC+; τοῦτο σ. οὐ πλέον ἢ εἰς δώδεκα comes to no more than 12, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ φαρμακεύεσθαι τῷ καθαίρεσθαι εἰς ταὐτὸν σ. comes to the same thing as.., Refs 2nd c.AD+; of ashlar-work, fit or range exactly, Refs 2nd c.AD+
II.4 fall to one's lot, with dative person, μοι σ. ἆται Refs 5th c.BC+
II.5 to be an attribute or characteristic of, ξυνεβεβήκει.. Ἀθηναίοις τοῦτο Refs 5th c.BC+
III of events, come to pass, fall out, happen, συμβαίνει δ᾽ οὐ τὰ μέν, τὰ δ᾽ οὔ Refs 4th c.BC+; τῶνδε ναμέρτεια σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰ καιρὸς σ. Refs 5th c.BC+ if anything happen (i.e. any evil), Refs 4th c.BC+: generally, occur, be found, exist, ἐν τῇ ἀρχαίᾳ ἡμετέρᾳ φωνῇ σ. τὸ ὄνομα Refs 5th c.BC+
III.b mostly impersonal, sometimes with dative et infinitive, αὐτῷ Ὀλυμπιάδα ἀνελέσθαι συνέβη Refs 5th c.BC+: sometimes with accusative et infinitive, συνέβη Γέλωνα νικᾶν Refs 5th c.BC+; followed by ὥστε, Refs 5th c.BC+participle, σ. ὄν, γιγνόμενον, λεγόμενον, Refs 5th c.BC+
III.c τὸ συμβεβηκός chance event, contingency, Refs 5th c.BC+ by accident, contingently (see. below iv. Refs; τοῦ συμβαίνοντός ἐστι it depends upon accident, easily happens, Refs 4th c.BC+
III.2 joined with Adverbs or Adiectives, turn out in a certain way, ὀρθῶς σφι ἡ φήμη συνέβαινε ἐλθοῦσα Refs 5th c.BC+; κακῶς, καλῶς συμβῆναι, Refs 5th c.BC+; ταῦτα.. λαμπρὰ σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; συμβαίνει καὶ σοὶ (i.e. ἄριστον) Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, turn out well, ἢν ξυμβῇ ἡ πεῖρα Refs 5th c.BC+
III.3 of consequences, come out, result, follow, δαπανῶντες ἐς τοιαῦτα ἀφ᾽ ὦν ἡ ἀσθένεια ξυμβαίνει Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ συμβάντα, opposed to ἡ προαίρεσις, Refs 4th c.BC+
III.3.b of logical conclusions, result, follow, frequently in Refs 5th c.BC+: impersonal, it follows, with infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+ turns out to be, i.e. consequently or inevitably is or happens, κάθαρσις εἶναι τοῦτο σ. Refs 5th c.BC+
IV in Philos., τὸ συμβεβηκός has two senses:
IV.1 a contingent attribute or 'accident' (in the modern sense), Refs 4th c.BC+; κατὰ συμβεβηκός 'accidentally', opposed to καθ᾽ αὑτό, Refs 4th c.BC+; opposed to ἁπλῶς, Refs 4th c.BC+; opposed to φύσει, Refs; opposed to κυρίως, πρώτως, Refs 2nd c.AD+; opposed to ἄντικρυς, Refs
IV.2 an attribute necessarily resulting from the notion of a thing, but not entering into the definition thereof, οἷον τῷ τριγώνῳ τὸ δύο ὀρθὰς ἔχειν Refs 4th c.BC+; distinguished by the addition of καθ᾽ αὑτό, Refs; in Epicurus, essential attribute, property, opposed to σύμπτωμα 'accident', τὰ τούτων συμπτώματα ἢ σ. Refs 1st c.BC+; in the Stoics, consequence, opposed to αἴτιον, Refs 4th c.BC+

H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.

Translated as

Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.

happened6×happen1×happening1×

Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.

Biblang forms

What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.

Form and the Greek behind itWhat it isUsuallyTimes
sumbainateσυνέβαινενwas happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singularhappened1×
sumbainataσυνέβηhappened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singularhappened1×
sumbainatēσυμβέβηκενhas happened · he/she/itperfect active indicative 3rd person singularhappened1×
sumbainarōσυμβαίνεινhappening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitivehappen1×
sumbainarōnteuσυμβαίνοντοςhappening now · of, belonging topresent active participle genitive singular neuterhappening1×
sumbainarantoiuσυμβάντωνhappened · of, belonging toaorist active participle genitive plural masculinehappened1×
sumbainarēnteσυμβεβηκότιhas happened · to, forperfect active participle dative singular neuterhappened1×
sumbainarēnteiuσυμβεβηκότωνhas happened · of, belonging toperfect active participle genitive plural neuterhappened1×

Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.

Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 3 occurrences
Who personhappening now presentwas happening imperfectwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfecthad happened pluperfect
I 1st person singularsumbainamōsumbainamesumbainamisumbainamasumbainamēsumbainamelē
you 2nd person singularsumbainasōsumbainasesumbainasisumbainasasumbainasēsumbainaselē
he/she/it 3rd person singularsumbainatōsumbainate1×συνέβαινενsumbainatisumbainata1×συνέβηsumbainatē1×συμβέβηκενsumbainatelē
we 1st person pluralsumbainanōsumbainanesumbainanisumbainanasumbainanēsumbainanelē
ye 2nd person pluralsumbainavōsumbainavesumbainavisumbainavasumbainavēsumbainavelē
they 3rd person pluralsumbainalōsumbainalesumbainalisumbainalasumbainalēsumbainalelē
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
I 1st person singularsumbainameiōsumbainameiasumbainameiē
you 2nd person singularsumbainaseiōsumbainaseiasumbainaseiē
he/she/it 3rd person singularsumbainateiōsumbainateiasumbainateiē
we 1st person pluralsumbainaneiōsumbainaneiasumbainaneiē
ye 2nd person pluralsumbainaveiōsumbainaveiasumbainaveiē
they 3rd person pluralsumbainaleiōsumbainaleiasumbainaleiē
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
Who personhappening now presenthappened aoristhas happened perfect
you 2nd person singularsumbainasōrsumbainasarsumbainasēr
he/she/it 3rd person singularsumbainatōrsumbainatarsumbainatēr
ye 2nd person pluralsumbainavōrsumbainavarsumbainavēr
they 3rd person pluralsumbainalōrsumbainalarsumbainalēr
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
Who personhappening now presenthappened aorist
I 1st person singularsumbainamoiōsumbainamoia
you 2nd person singularsumbainasoiōsumbainasoia
he/she/it 3rd person singularsumbainatoiōsumbainatoia
we 1st person pluralsumbainanoiōsumbainanoia
ye 2nd person pluralsumbainavoiōsumbainavoia
they 3rd person pluralsumbainaloiōsumbainaloia
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
the subject acts active voicesumbainarō1×συμβαίνεινsumbainarisumbainarasumbainarē
Used as an adjective — participle, 4 occurrences
Who is acting voicehappening now presentwill happen futurehappened aoristhas happened perfect
the subject acts active voicesumbainarōntos1×sumbainarintossumbainarantos1×sumbainarēntos2×

Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.

How every form is built — the slots that make them
sumbainstem+aoeiwho is acting voice+mstnvl—who person+—eiroistatement, command, wish mood+ōeiaēelēwhen tense+—ntthen it declines+—ogender+—sits job in the sentence case

sumbain is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.

same in every form varies — every value shown

Where it appears

Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.

8 occurrences, every one of them listed

sumbainate“happened”was happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singular1×

1 Corinthians 10:11houteim de tupikōs sumbainate ekeinoi, grafita de pros nouthesian nu, …Now these things happened to them as examples and were …

sumbainata“happened”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular1×

Acts 21:35“happened”hote de geneta epi toin anabathmoin, sumbainata bastazorō auton hupo toiu stratiōtoiu dia …When Paul reached the steps, he had to be carried by the soldiers because of the violence …

sumbainatē“happened”has happened · he/she/itperfect active indicative 3rd person singular1×

2 Peter 2:22“happened”sumbainatē autoi tem tau alēthau paroimiau; Kunos …Of them the proverbs are true: “A dog returns to its vomit,” and, “A sow that is washed goes back to her wallowing in the mud.”

sumbainarō“happen”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive1×

Mark 10:32… archeta autoi legarō teim mellarōnteim auto sumbainarō… tell them what was going to happen to Him:

sumbainarōnteu“happening”happening now · of, belonging topresent active participle genitive singular neuter1×

1 Peter 4:12… peirasmon vi genorōnta hōs xeneu vi sumbainarōnteu,… you, as though something strange were happening to you.

sumbainarantoiu“happened”happened · of, belonging toaorist active participle genitive plural masculine1×

Acts 20:19“happened”… tapeinofrosunau kai dakrueiu kai peirasmoiu toiu sumbainarantoiu mi en tai epiboulai toiu Ioudaioiu;… with great humility and with tears, especially in the trials that came upon me through the plots of the Jews.

sumbainarēnte“happened”has happened · to, forperfect active participle dative singular neuter1×

Acts 3:10… pimplēila thambeu kai ekstasiau epi te sumbainarēnte auto.… wonder and amazement at what had happened to him.

sumbainarēnteiu“happened”has happened · of, belonging toperfect active participle genitive plural neuter1×

Luke 24:14… homilale pros allēloin peri panteiu teiu sumbainarēnteiu houteiu.… each other about everything that had happened.