verb
afairamō
Strong’sG851
I take away, smite off
stem afair-10 times in the New Testamentin 6 of 27 books8 forms occur
What it means
What the word means, in the words of the lexicons out of copyright — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones, wherever each has an entry for it.
ἀφ-αιρέω, -ῶ,
[in LXX (Cremer, 615 f.) for סור, עבר, רום, כּרת, etc. (35 words in all);]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G851 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
Ionic dialect ἀπαιρέω, future -ήσω: perfect ἀφῄρηκα, Ionic dialect ἀπαραίρηκα: aorist ἀφεῖλον, later infinitive ἀφέλαιRefs 2nd c.AD+:—take away from:—Constr.: mostly ἀ. τί τινι, σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε took it from him, Refs 8th c.BC+ codices, etc. (but also, relieve one of a duty, Refs 5th c.BC+; also τινά τι probably Refs 5th c.BC+, see infr. II. I, III: with genitive, take from, τιμῆς οὔτ᾽ ἀφελὼν οὔτ᾽ ἐπορεξάμενοςRefs 6th c.BC+; μηδὲν ἀφαιρῶμεν τοῦ ἀδίκου (from the unjust man) ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδικίαςRefs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ πλήθους diminish the number, Refs 5th c.BC+ having taken them off, Refs 5th c.BC+took away, Refs 5th c.BC+
2 set aside, κρέαRefs 4th c.BC+
2.b exclude, separate, τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ὡς ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων ἀφαιροῦντες χωρίςRefs 5th c.BC+; opposed to προστιθέναι, Refs
3 in Mathematics texts, ἀ. ἀπὸ.. subtract from, Refs 3rd c.BC+, etc.; of ratios, divide out from both sides of an equation, Refs 2nd c.AD+; intercept, in passive, Refs 5th c.AD+
4 in Logic, abstract, with accusative, Refs 4th c.BC+
II middle, future ἀφαιρήσομαι (in passive sense, variant for{ἀπαιρε-θήσεσθαι}, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἀφειλόμην, later ἀφειλάμην Refs 1st c.AD+ 116: perfect ἀφῄρημαι (in middle sense) Refs 8th c.BC+ downwards more frequently than active, take away for oneself; also in reciprocal sense, ἀφαιρεῖσθον τύχην ye have received each the fortune of the other, Refs 5th c.BC+ —Constr. like active, ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τί τινι, as καὶ δή μοι γέρας.. ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖςRefs 8th c.BC+: with double accusative of things et person, bereave or deprive of, μήτε σὺ τόνδ᾽.. ἀποαίρεο κούρηνRefs 8th c.BC+; frequently in Attic dialect and Trag., Refs 5th c.BC+
II.2 with accusative of things, ἀ. ψήφισμα cancel or rescind, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀφελομένης τῆς νυκτὸς τὸ ἔργον having broken off the action, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.3 followed by μή with infinitive, prevent, hinder from doing, τί μ᾽ ἄνδρα.. ἀφείλου μὴ κτανεῖ;Refs 5th c.BC+; κἄκτεινας, ἤ τις συμφορά σ᾽ ἀφείλετο [μὴ κτεῖναι]; Refs; with infinitive passive, τὸν τὰ ὕστερον ἀφείλετο ἀδικήματα εὐεργέτην μὴ ὀνομασθῆναιRefs 2nd c.AD+; with infinitive only, Refs 5th c.BC+: simply, obstruct, ἀρχήνRefs 5th c.BC+
II.4 ἀ. τινὰ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Latin vindicare in libertatem, claim as free, Refs 5th c.BC+
III passive, future -αιρεθήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+ -ήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+perfect ἀφῄρημαι, Ionic dialect ἀπαραίρημαιRefs 5th c.BC+:—to be robbed or deprived of a thing, τι Refs 5th c.BC+; τι πρός or ὑπό τινος, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην had them taken out of my hands, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, ἀφῃρέθη Σκίρωνος ἀκτὰς ὄμμα τοὐμὸν εἰσορᾶν was deprived of, hindered from seeing them, Refs 5th c.BC+
III.2 ὁ ἀφαιρεθείς, in Law, the person from whom a slave has been claimed, Refs
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| afairotōἀφαιρεῖται | happening now · he/she/itpresent middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular | taking … away | 1× |
| afairatiἀφελεῖ | will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular | take away | 1× |
| afairitiἀφαιρεθήσεται | will happen · he/she/itfuture passive indicative 3rd person singular | taken away | 1× |
| afairataἀφεῖλεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | cut off | 3× |
| afairateiaἀφέλῃ | happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular | takes away | 1× |
| afairemeiaἀφέλωμαι | happened · Iaorist middle subjunctive 1st person singular | take away | 1× |
| afairarōἀφαιρεῖν | happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive | take away | 1× |
| afairaraἀφελεῖν | happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive | take away | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 204, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 6 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairamō | afairame | afairami | afairama | afairamē | afairamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | afairasō | afairase | afairasi | afairasa | afairasē | afairaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairatō | afairate | afairati1×ἀφελεῖ | afairata3×ἀφεῖλεν | afairatē | afairatelē |
| we 1st person plural | afairanō | afairane | afairani | afairana | afairanē | afairanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairavō | afairave | afairavi | afairava | afairavē | afairavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | afairalō | afairale | afairali | afairala | afairalē | afairalelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairomō | afairome | afairomē | afairomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | afairosō | afairose | afairosē | afairoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairotō1×ἀφαιρεῖται | afairote | afairotē | afairotelē |
| we 1st person plural | afaironō | afairone | afaironē | afaironelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairovō | afairove | afairovē | afairovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | afairolō | afairole | afairolē | afairolelē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairemi | afairema |
| you 2nd person singular | afairesi | afairesa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afaireti | afaireta |
| we 1st person plural | afaireni | afairena |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairevi | afaireva |
| they 3rd person plural | afaireli | afairela |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairimi | afairima |
| you 2nd person singular | afairisi | afairisa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairiti1×ἀφαιρεθήσεται | afairita |
| we 1st person plural | afairini | afairina |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairivi | afairiva |
| they 3rd person plural | afairili | afairila |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 2 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairameiō | afairameia | afairameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | afairaseiō | afairaseia | afairaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairateiō | afairateia1×ἀφέλῃ | afairateiē |
| we 1st person plural | afairaneiō | afairaneia | afairaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairaveiō | afairaveia | afairaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | afairaleiō | afairaleia | afairaleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairomeiō | afairomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | afairoseiō | afairoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairoteiō | afairoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | afaironeiō | afaironeiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairoveiō | afairoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | afairoleiō | afairoleiē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairemeia1×ἀφέλωμαι |
| you 2nd person singular | afaireseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afaireteia |
| we 1st person plural | afaireneia |
| ye 2nd person plural | afaireveia |
| they 3rd person plural | afaireleia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairimeia |
| you 2nd person singular | afairiseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairiteia |
| we 1st person plural | afairineia |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairiveia |
| they 3rd person plural | afairileia |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | afairasōr | afairasar | afairasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairatōr | afairatar | afairatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairavōr | afairavar | afairavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | afairalōr | afairalar | afairalēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | afairosōr | afairosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairotōr | afairotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairovōr | afairovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | afairolōr | afairolēr |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | afairesar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairetar |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairevar |
| they 3rd person plural | afairelar |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | afairisar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairitar |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairivar |
| they 3rd person plural | afairilar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairamoiō | afairamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | afairasoiō | afairasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairatoiō | afairatoia |
| we 1st person plural | afairanoiō | afairanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairavoiō | afairavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | afairaloiō | afairaloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | afairosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | afaironoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | afairoloiō |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | afairesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairetoia |
| we 1st person plural | afairenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | afaireloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | afairimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | afairisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | afairitoia |
| we 1st person plural | afairinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | afairivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | afairiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | afairarō1×ἀφαιρεῖν | afairari | afairara1×ἀφελεῖν | afairarē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | afairorō | afairorē | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | afaireri | afairera | ||
| acted on passive voice | afairiri | afairira |
Used as an adjective — participle, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | afairarōntos | afairarintos | afairarantos | afairarēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | afairorōntos | afairorēntos | ||
| acts on or for itself middle voice | afairerintos | afairerantos | ||
| acted on passive voice | afairirintos | afairirantos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
afair is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
10 occurrences, every one of them listed
afairotō“taking … away”happening now · he/she/itpresent middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Luke 16:3… Tinem poiameia hoti tos kurios mu afairotō tan oikonomian apo mu? skaptarō ouk …… do, now that my master is taking away my position? I am too weak …
afairati“take away”will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Revelation 22:19… logoiu teu biblieu tau profēteiau houtau, afairati tos theos tem merem autou apo …… this book of prophecy, God will take away his share in the tree of …
afairiti“taken away”will happen · he/she/itfuture passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Luke 10:42… tan agathan meridan eklegeta hotinas ouk afairiti autau.… portion, and it will not be taken away from her.”
afairata“cut off”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular3×
Matthew 26:51“cut off”… kai pataxarantos ton doulon tou archierevou afairata autou tem ōtiem.… his sword and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his ear.
Mark 14:47“cut off”… paiata ton doulon tou archierevou kai afairata autou tem ōtariem.… his sword and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his ear.
Luke 22:50“cut off”… autoiu tou archierevou ton doulon kai afairata tem ouem autou tem dexem.… one of them struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his right ear.
afairateia“takes away”happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
Revelation 22:19kai ean tinos afairateia apo toiu logoiu teu biblieu tau …And if anyone takes away from the words of this book …
afairemeia“take away”happened · Iaorist middle subjunctive 1st person singular1×
Romans 11:27… autoi tas para mu diathēkas, hotan afairemeia tain hamartain autoiu.… My covenant with them when I take away their sins.”
afairarō“take away”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive1×
Hebrews 10:4adunatem gar haimem tauroiu kai tragoiu afairarō hamartain.… blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.
afairara“take away”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive1×
Luke 1:25“take away”… poiatē kurios en hēmerai hai eforata afairara oneidem mu en anthrōpoi.“The Lord has done this for me. In these days He has shown me favor and taken away my disgrace among the people.”