verb
ergazemō
Greekἐργάζομαι (ergazomai)
Strong’sG2038
I word, trade, do
stem ergaz-41 times in the New Testamentin 18 of 27 books20 forms occur
Translated as
5 rarer renderings are not shown; every occurrence below carries the English it was given there.
What it means
ἐργάζομαι
(< ἔργον), [in LXX for עָבַד, פָּעַל, עָשָׂה, etc.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2038 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saider-gad'-zom-ahee
to toil (as a task, occupation, etc.), (by implication) effect, be engaged in or with, etc.
Frommiddle voice from G2041;
King Jamescommit, do, labor for, minister about, trade (by), work.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| ergazemōἐργάζομαι | happening now · Ipresent middle indicative 1st person singular | doing | 2× |
| ergazesōἐργάζῃ | happening now · youpresent middle indicative 2nd person singular | perform | 1× |
| ergazetōἐργάζεται | happening now · he/she/itpresent middle indicative 3rd person singular | does | 5× |
| ergazevōἐργάζεσθε | happening now · yepresent middle indicative 2nd person plural | commit | 1× |
| ergazelōἐργάζονται | happening now · theypresent middle indicative 3rd person plural | do business | 1× |
| ergazeteἠργάζετο | was happening · he/she/itimperfect middle indicative 3rd person singular | worked | 1× |
| ergazetaἠργάσατο | happened · he/she/itaorist middle indicative 3rd person singular | done | 3× |
| ergazenaεἰργασάμεθα | happened · weaorist middle indicative 1st person plural | worked for | 1× |
| ergazelaεἰργάσαντο | happened · theyaorist middle indicative 3rd person plural | administered | 1× |
| ergazeneiōἐργαζώμεθα | happening now · wepresent middle subjunctive 1st person plural | do | 2× |
| ergazeseiaἐργάσῃ | happened · youaorist middle subjunctive 2nd person singular | do | 1× |
| ergazesōrἐργάζου | happening now · youpresent middle imperative 2nd person singular | work | 1× |
| ergazevōrἐργάζεσθε | happening now · yepresent middle imperative 2nd person plural | do | 2× |
| ergazerōἐργάζεσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle infinitive | work | 6× |
| ergazerōtosἐργαζόμενος | happening now · subjectpresent middle participle nominative singular masculine | does | 2× |
| ergazerōtoἐργαζομένῳ | happening now · to, forpresent middle participle dative singular masculine | does | 3× |
| ergazerōtoisἐργαζόμενοι | happening now · subjectpresent middle participle nominative plural masculine | worked | 5× |
| ergazerōtoinἐργαζομένους | happening now · objectpresent middle participle accusative plural masculine | working | 1× |
| ergazerōtoirἐργαζόμενοι | happening now · direct addresspresent middle participle vocative plural masculine | practice | 1× |
| ergazirēteimεἰργασμένα | has happened · subjectperfect passive participle direct plural neuter | done | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 16 occurrences
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ergazemō2×ἐργάζομαι | ergazeme | ergazemi | ergazema | ergazemē | ergazemelē |
| you 2nd person singular | ergazesō1×ἐργάζῃ | ergazese | ergazesi | ergazesa | ergazesē | ergazeselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ergazetō5×ἐργάζεται | ergazete1×ἠργάζετο | ergazeti | ergazeta3×ἠργάσατο | ergazetē | ergazetelē |
| we 1st person plural | ergazenō | ergazene | ergazeni | ergazena1×εἰργασάμεθα | ergazenē | ergazenelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ergazevō1×ἐργάζεσθε | ergazeve | ergazevi | ergazeva | ergazevē | ergazevelē |
| they 3rd person plural | ergazelō1×ἐργάζονται | ergazele | ergazeli | ergazela1×εἰργάσαντο | ergazelē | ergazelelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ergazimō | ergazime | ergazimi | ergazima | ergazimē | ergazimelē |
| you 2nd person singular | ergazisō | ergazise | ergazisi | ergazisa | ergazisē | ergaziselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ergazitō | ergazite | ergaziti | ergazita | ergazitē | ergazitelē |
| we 1st person plural | ergazinō | ergazine | ergazini | ergazina | ergazinē | ergazinelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ergazivō | ergazive | ergazivi | ergaziva | ergazivē | ergazivelē |
| they 3rd person plural | ergazilō | ergazile | ergazili | ergazila | ergazilē | ergazilelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 3 occurrences
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ergazemeiō | ergazemeia | ergazemeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | ergazeseiō | ergazeseia1×ἐργάσῃ | ergazeseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ergazeteiō | ergazeteia | ergazeteiē |
| we 1st person plural | ergazeneiō2×ἐργαζώμεθα | ergazeneia | ergazeneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ergazeveiō | ergazeveia | ergazeveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | ergazeleiō | ergazeleia | ergazeleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ergazimeiō | ergazimeia | ergazimeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | ergaziseiō | ergaziseia | ergaziseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ergaziteiō | ergaziteia | ergaziteiē |
| we 1st person plural | ergazineiō | ergazineia | ergazineiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ergaziveiō | ergaziveia | ergaziveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | ergazileiō | ergazileia | ergazileiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 3 occurrences
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | ergazesōr1×ἐργάζου | ergazesar | ergazesēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ergazetōr | ergazetar | ergazetēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | ergazevōr2×ἐργάζεσθε | ergazevar | ergazevēr |
| they 3rd person plural | ergazelōr | ergazelar | ergazelēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | ergazisōr | ergazisar | ergazisēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ergazitōr | ergazitar | ergazitēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | ergazivōr | ergazivar | ergazivēr |
| they 3rd person plural | ergazilōr | ergazilar | ergazilēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ergazemoiō | ergazemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | ergazesoiō | ergazesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ergazetoiō | ergazetoia |
| we 1st person plural | ergazenoiō | ergazenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | ergazevoiō | ergazevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | ergazeloiō | ergazeloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ergazimoiō | ergazimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | ergazisoiō | ergazisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ergazitoiō | ergazitoia |
| we 1st person plural | ergazinoiō | ergazinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | ergazivoiō | ergazivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | ergaziloiō | ergaziloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 6 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on or for itself middle voice | ergazerō6×ἐργάζεσθαι | ergazeri | ergazera | ergazerē |
| acted on passive voice | ergazirō | ergaziri | ergazira | ergazirē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 13 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acts on or for itself middle voice | ergazerōtos12×ἐργαζόμενος | ergazeritos | ergazeratos | ergazerētos |
| acted on passive voice | ergazirōtos | ergaziritos | ergaziratos | ergazirētos1× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
ergaz is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
41 occurrences, every one of them listed
ergazemō“doing”happening now · Ipresent middle indicative 1st person singular2×
John 5:17“working”tos de apokrineta autoi; Tos patēros mu heōs arti ergazetō kamis ergazemō.But Jesus answered them, “To this very day My Father is at His work, and I too am working.”
Acts 13:41“doing”Horavar, toir katafronētoir, kai thaumazavar kai afanizivar, hoti ergem ergazemō mis en tai hēmerai vu, ergem hem ouk mē pisteuaveia ean tinos ekdiēgeteiō vi.‘Look, you scoffers, wonder and perish! For I am doing a work in your days that you would never believe, even if someone told you.’”
ergazesō“perform”happening now · youpresent middle indicative 2nd person singular1×
John 6:30“perform”legala oun auto; Tinem oun poiasō sis sēmem, hina horaneia kai pisteuaneia si? tinem ergazesō?So they asked Him, “What sign then will You perform, so that we may see it and believe You? What will You do?
ergazetō“does”happening now · he/she/itpresent middle indicative 3rd person singular5×
John 5:17“working”tos de apokrineta autoi; Tos patēros mu heōs arti ergazetō kamis ergazemō.But Jesus answered them, “To this very day My Father is at His work, and I too am working.”
Romans 13:10“does”tas agapas to plēsion kakem ouk ergazetō; plērōmem oun nomou tas agapas.Love does no wrong to its neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law.
1 Corinthians 16:10“doing”Ean de erchateia Timotheos, blepavōr hina afobōs gineteia pros vin, tem gar ergem kuriou ergazetō hōs kamis;If Timothy comes, see to it that he has nothing to fear while he is with you, for he is doing the work of the Lord, just as I am.
2 Corinthians 7:10“produces”tas gar kata theon lupas metanoian eis sōtērēan ametamelētan ergazetō; tas de tou kosmou lupas thanaton katergazetō.Godly sorrow brings repentance that leads to salvation without regret, but worldly sorrow brings death.
James 1:20“achieves”orgas gar anērou dikaiosunan theou ouk ergazetō.for man’s anger does not bring about the righteousness that God desires.
ergazevō“commit”happening now · yepresent middle indicative 2nd person plural1×
James 2:9“commit”ei de prosōpolēmptavō, hamartan ergazevō, elenchirōtois hupo tou nomou hōs parabatois.But if you show favoritism, you sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors.
ergazelō“do business”happening now · theypresent middle indicative 3rd person plural1×
Revelation 18:17“do business”hoti hena hōra erēmita tos tosoutos ploutos. Kai pantos kubernētos kai pantos tos epi topon plarōtos, kai nautois kai hosois tan thalassan ergazelō, apo makrothen histanalaFor in a single hour such fabulous wealth has been destroyed!” Every shipmaster, passenger, and sailor, and all who make their living from the sea, will stand at a distance
ergazete“worked”was happening · he/she/itimperfect middle indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 18:3“worked”kai dia tem homotechnon arō menate para autoi kai ergazete, ale gar skēnopoiois ta techna.and he stayed and worked with them because they were tentmakers by trade, just as he was.
ergazeta“done”happened · he/she/itaorist middle indicative 3rd person singular3×
Matthew 25:16“traded”poreuiratos tos teim pente talanteim lambaratos ergazeta en autei kai kerdainata alleim pente;The servant who had received the five talents went at once and put them to work and gained five more.
Matthew 26:10“done”gnōskaratos de tos Iēsus legata autoi; Tinem kopoin parechavō ta gunaika? ergem gar kalem ergazeta eis min;Aware of this, Jesus asked, “Why are you bothering this woman? She has done a beautiful deed to Me.
Mark 14:6“done”tos de Iēsus legata; Afiēkavar autan; tinem auta kopoin parechavō? kalem ergem ergazeta en mi;But Jesus said, “Leave her alone; why are you bothering her? She has done a beautiful deed to Me.
ergazena“worked for”happened · weaorist middle indicative 1st person plural1×
2 John 1:8“worked for”blepavōr heautoin, hina mē apolluaveia heim ergazena, alla misthon plēron apolambaveia.Watch yourselves, so that you do not lose what we have worked for, but that you may be fully rewarded.
ergazela“administered”happened · theyaorist middle indicative 3rd person plural1×
Hebrews 11:33“administered”hois dia pistiau katagōnizela basileiain, ergazela dikaiosunan, epitunchanala epangeliaiu, frassala stomeim leōnoiu,who through faith conquered kingdoms, administered justice, and gained what was promised; who shut the mouths of lions,
ergazeneiō“do”happening now · wepresent middle subjunctive 1st person plural2×
John 6:28“perform”legala oun pros auton; Tinem poianeiō hina ergazeneiō teim ergeim tou theou?Then they inquired, “What must we do to perform the works of God?”
Galatians 6:10“do”ara oun hōs kairon echanō, ergazeneiō tem agathem pros pantoin, malista de pros toin oikeioin tau pistiau.Therefore, as we have opportunity, let us do good to everyone, and especially to the family of faith.
ergazeseia“do”happened · youaorist middle subjunctive 2nd person singular1×
3 John 1:5“do”Agapētor, pistem poiasō hem ean ergazeseia eis toin adelfoin kai houtem xenoin,Beloved, you are faithful in what you are doing for the brothers, and especially since they are strangers to you.
ergazesōr“work”happening now · youpresent middle imperative 2nd person singular1×
Matthew 21:28“work”Tinem de vi dokatō? anthrōpos echate tekneim duo. prosercharatos te prōte legata; Teknem, hupagasōr sēmeron ergazesōr en to ampelōno.But what do you think? There was a man who had two sons. He went to the first one and said, ‘Son, go and work today in the vineyard.’
ergazevōr“do”happening now · yepresent middle imperative 2nd person plural2×
John 6:27“work”ergazevōr mē tan brōsian tan apolluerōtan alla tan brōsian tan menarōtan eis zōan aiōnian, han tos huios tou anthrōpou vi dōati, houton gar tos patēros sfragizata tos theos.Do not work for food that perishes, but for food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give you. For on Him God the Father has placed His seal of approval.”
Colossians 3:23“do”hem ean poiaveiō, ek psuchau ergazevōr, hōs to kurio kai ouk anthrōpoi,Whatever you do, work at it with your whole being, as for the Lord and not for men,
ergazerō“work”happening now · the “to …” formpresent middle infinitive6×
Luke 13:14“done”apokriniratos de tos archisunagōgos, aganaktarōtos hoti te sabbate therapeuata tos Iēsus, legate to ochlo hoti Hex hēmerais alō en hai datō ergazerō; en autai oun ercherōtois therapeuivōr kai mē ta hēmera teu sabbateu.But the synagogue leader was indignant that Jesus had healed on the Sabbath. “There are six days for work,” he told the crowd. “So come and be healed on those days and not on the Sabbath.”
John 9:4“work”nin datō ergazerō teim ergeim tou pemparatou min heōs hēmeras atō; erchetō nuxas hote oudenos dunetō ergazerō.While it is daytime, we must do the works of Him who sent Me. Night is coming, when no one can work.
John 9:4“work”nin datō ergazerō teim ergeim tou pemparatou min heōs hēmeras atō; erchetō nuxas hote oudenos dunetō ergazerō.While it is daytime, we must do the works of Him who sent Me. Night is coming, when no one can work.
1 Corinthians 9:6“working”ē monos mis kai Barnabaos ouk echanō exousian mē ergazerō?Or are Barnabas and I the only apostles who must work for a living?
1 Thessalonians 4:11“work”kai filotimerō hēsuchazarō kai prassarō teim idieim kai ergazerō tai cheirai vu, kathōs vi parangellana,and to aspire to live quietly, to attend to your own matters, and to work with your own hands, as we instructed you.
2 Thessalonians 3:10“work”kai gar hote ane pros vin, houtem parangellane vi, hoti ei tinos ouk thelatō ergazerō mēde esthiatōr.For even while we were with you, we gave you this command: “If anyone is unwilling to work, he shall not eat.”
ergazerōtos“does”happening now · subjectpresent middle participle nominative singular masculine2×
Acts 10:35“does”alla en pante ethne tos foberōtos auton kai ergazerōtos dikaiosunan dektos auto atō.but welcomes those from every nation who fear Him and do what is right.
Ephesians 4:28“working”tos kleptarōtos mēketi kleptatōr, mallon de kopiatōr ergazerōtos tai idiai cheirai tem agathem, hina echateiō metadōarō to chreian echarōto.He who has been stealing must steal no longer, but must work, doing good with his own hands, that he may have something to share with the one in need.
ergazerōto“does”happening now · to, forpresent middle participle dative singular masculine3×
Romans 2:10“does”doxas de kai timas kai eirēnas panto to ergazerōto tem agathem, Ioudaio tē prōtem kai Hellēno;but glory, honor, and peace for everyone who does good, first for the Jew, then for the Greek.
Romans 4:4“works”to de ergazerōto tos misthos ouk logizitō kata charian alla kata ofeilēmem;Now the wages of the worker are not credited as a gift, but as an obligation.
Romans 4:5“work”to de mē ergazerōto, pisteuarōto de epi ton dikaiarōton ton asebon, logizitō tas pistias autou eis dikaiosunan,However, to the one who does not work, but believes in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is credited as righteousness.
ergazerōtois“worked”happening now · subjectpresent middle participle nominative plural masculine5×
1 Corinthians 4:12“working”kai kopianō ergazerōtois tai idiai cheirai; loidorirōtois euloganō, diōkirōtois anechenō,We work hard with our own hands. When we are vilified, we bless; when we are persecuted, we endure it;
1 Corinthians 9:13“perform”ouk oidavē hoti tois teim hiereim ergazerōtois teim ek teu hiereu esthialō, tois te thusiastērie paredreuarōtois te thusiastērie summerizelō?Do you not know that those who work in the temple eat of its food, and those who serve at the altar partake of its offerings?
1 Thessalonians 2:9“worked”Mnēmoneuavō gar, adelfoir, ton kopon nu kai ton mochthon; nuxau kai hēmerau ergazerōtois pros tem mē epibarara tinon vu kērussana eis vin tem euangeliem tou theou.Surely you recall, brothers, our labor and toil. We worked night and day so that we would not be a burden to anyone while we proclaimed to you the gospel of God.
2 Thessalonians 3:8“worked”oude dōreōs arton esthiana para tinou, alla en kopo kai mochtho nuxau kai hēmerau ergazerōtois pros tem mē epibarara tinon vu;nor did we eat anyone’s food without paying for it. Instead, in labor and toil, we worked night and day so that we would not be a burden to any of you.
2 Thessalonians 3:12“work”toi de toioutoi parangellanō kai parakalanō en kurio Iēso Christo hina meta hēsuchiau ergazerōtois ton heautoiu arton esthialeiō.We command and urge such people by our Lord Jesus Christ to begin working quietly to earn their own living.
ergazerōtoin“working”happening now · objectpresent middle participle accusative plural masculine1×
2 Thessalonians 3:11“working”akouanō gar tinoin peripatarōtoin en vi ataktōs, mēdenem ergazerōtoin alla periergazerōtoin;For we hear that some of you are leading undisciplined lives, accomplishing nothing, but being busybodies.
ergazerōtoir“practice”happening now · direct addresspresent middle participle vocative plural masculine1×
Matthew 7:23“practice”kai tote homologami autoi hoti Oudepote gnōskama vin; apochōravōr apo mu toir ergazerōtoir tan anomian.Then I will tell them plainly, ‘I never knew you; depart from Me, you workers of lawlessness!’
ergazirēteim“done”has happened · subjectperfect passive participle direct plural neuter1×
John 3:21“done”tos de poiarōtos tan alētheian erchetō pros tem fōtem, hina faneriteia autou teim ergeim hoti en theo atō ergazirēteim.But whoever practices the truth comes into the Light, so that it may be seen clearly that what he has done has been accomplished in God.”