verb
efistanamō
Greekἐφίστημι (efistēmi)
Strong’sG2186
I stand by, am urgent, befall one, impend
stem efistan-21 times in the New Testamentin 4 of 27 books11 forms occur
Translated as
1 rarer rendering are not shown; every occurrence below carries the English it was given there.
What it means
ἐφ-ίστημι
[in LXX for נָצַב ni., שִׁית, נָתַן, etc.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2186 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidef-is'-tay-mee
to stand upon, i.e. be present (in various applications, friendly or otherwise, usually literal);
King Jamesassault, come (in, to, unto, upon), be at hand (instant), present, stand (before, by, over).
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| efistanetōἐφίσταται | happening now · he/she/itpresent middle indicative 3rd person singular | come upon | 1× |
| efistanataἐπέστη | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | stood | 2× |
| efistanalaἐπέστησαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | came | 5× |
| efistanatēἐφέστηκεν | has happened · he/she/itperfect active indicative 3rd person singular | come | 1× |
| efistanateiaἐπιστῇ | happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular | come | 1× |
| efistanasarἐπίστηθι | happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular | ready | 1× |
| efistanaratosἐπιστὰς | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular masculine | stood | 4× |
| efistanaratasἐπιστᾶσα | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular feminine | came up | 2× |
| efistanaratoisἐπιστάντες | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculine | came up | 2× |
| efistanarētosἐφεστὼς | has happened · subjectperfect active participle nominative singular masculine | standing by | 1× |
| efistanarētonἐφεστῶτα | has happened · objectperfect active participle accusative singular masculine | begun | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 9 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | efistanamō | efistaname | efistanami | efistanama | efistanamē | efistanamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | efistanasō | efistanase | efistanasi | efistanasa | efistanasē | efistanaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | efistanatō | efistanate | efistanati | efistanata2×ἐπέστη | efistanatē1×ἐφέστηκεν | efistanatelē |
| we 1st person plural | efistananō | efistanane | efistanani | efistanana | efistananē | efistananelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | efistanavō | efistanave | efistanavi | efistanava | efistanavē | efistanavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | efistanalō | efistanale | efistanali | efistanala5×ἐπέστησαν | efistanalē | efistanalelē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | efistanemō | efistaneme | efistanemi | efistanema | efistanemē | efistanemelē |
| you 2nd person singular | efistanesō | efistanese | efistanesi | efistanesa | efistanesē | efistaneselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | efistanetō1×ἐφίσταται | efistanete | efistaneti | efistaneta | efistanetē | efistanetelē |
| we 1st person plural | efistanenō | efistanene | efistaneni | efistanena | efistanenē | efistanenelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | efistanevō | efistaneve | efistanevi | efistaneva | efistanevē | efistanevelē |
| they 3rd person plural | efistanelō | efistanele | efistaneli | efistanela | efistanelē | efistanelelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | efistanameiō | efistanameia | efistanameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | efistanaseiō | efistanaseia | efistanaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | efistanateiō | efistanateia1×ἐπιστῇ | efistanateiē |
| we 1st person plural | efistananeiō | efistananeia | efistananeiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | efistanaveiō | efistanaveia | efistanaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | efistanaleiō | efistanaleia | efistanaleiē |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | efistanemeiō | efistanemeia | efistanemeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | efistaneseiō | efistaneseia | efistaneseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | efistaneteiō | efistaneteia | efistaneteiē |
| we 1st person plural | efistaneneiō | efistaneneia | efistaneneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | efistaneveiō | efistaneveia | efistaneveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | efistaneleiō | efistaneleia | efistaneleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | efistanasōr | efistanasar1×ἐπίστηθι | efistanasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | efistanatōr | efistanatar | efistanatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | efistanavōr | efistanavar | efistanavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | efistanalōr | efistanalar | efistanalēr |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | efistanesōr | efistanesar | efistanesēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | efistanetōr | efistanetar | efistanetēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | efistanevōr | efistanevar | efistanevēr |
| they 3rd person plural | efistanelōr | efistanelar | efistanelēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | efistanamoiō | efistanamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | efistanasoiō | efistanasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | efistanatoiō | efistanatoia |
| we 1st person plural | efistananoiō | efistananoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | efistanavoiō | efistanavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | efistanaloiō | efistanaloia |
acts on or for itself middle voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | efistanemoiō | efistanemoia |
| you 2nd person singular | efistanesoiō | efistanesoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | efistanetoiō | efistanetoia |
| we 1st person plural | efistanenoiō | efistanenoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | efistanevoiō | efistanevoia |
| they 3rd person plural | efistaneloiō | efistaneloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | efistanarō | efistanari | efistanara | efistanarē |
| acts on or for itself middle voice | efistanerō | efistaneri | efistanera | efistanerē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 10 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | efistanarōtos | efistanaritos | efistanaratos8×ἐπιστὰς | efistanarētos2×ἐφεστὼς |
| acts on or for itself middle voice | efistanerōtos | efistaneritos | efistaneratos | efistanerētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
efistan is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
21 occurrences, every one of them listed
efistanetō“come upon”happening now · he/she/itpresent middle indicative 3rd person singular1×
1 Thessalonians 5:3“come upon”hotan legaleiō; Eirēnas kai asfaleias, tote aifnidios autoi efistanetō olethros hōsper tas ōdinas ta en gastēra echarōta, kai ouk mē ekfeugaleia.While people are saying, “Peace and security,” destruction will come upon them suddenly, like labor pains on a pregnant woman, and they will not escape.
efistanata“stood”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular2×
Luke 2:9“stood”kai angelos kuriou efistanata autoi kai doxas kuriou perilampata autoin, kai fobila fobon megon;Just then an angel of the Lord stood before them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified.
Acts 12:7“appeared”kai idou angelos kuriou efistanata, kai fōtem lampata en te oikēme; patassaratos de tan pleuran tou Petrou egeirata auton legarōtos; Anistanasar en tache; kai ekpiptala autou tais halusiais ek taiu cheiraiu.Suddenly an angel of the Lord appeared and a light shone in the cell. He tapped Peter on the side and woke him up, saying, “Get up quickly.” And the chains fell off his wrists.
efistanala“came”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural5×
Luke 20:1“came”Kai gineta en hena taiu hēmeraiu didaskarōtou autou ton laon en te hiere kai euangelizerōtou efistanala tois archierevois kai tois grammatevois sun toi presbuteroi,One day as Jesus was teaching the people in the temple courts and proclaiming the gospel, the chief priests and scribes, together with the elders, came up to Him.
Luke 24:4“stood by”kai gineta en te aporerō autain peri houteu kai idou anērois duo efistanala autai en estha astraptarōta.While they were puzzling over this, suddenly two men in radiant apparel stood beside them.
Acts 4:1“came up”Lalarōtoiu de autoiu pros ton laon efistanala autoi tois hierevois kai tos stratēgos teu hiereu kai tois Saddoukaiois,While Peter and John were speaking to the people, the priests and the captain of the temple guard and the Sadducees came up to them,
Acts 10:17“stood”Hōs de en heauto diaporate tos Petros tinem an atoiō tem horamem hem horata, idou tois anērois tois apostelirētois hupo tou Kornēliou dierōtaratois tan oikian tou Simōnou efistanala epi ton pulōnon,While Peter was puzzling over the meaning of the vision, the men sent by Cornelius found Simon’s house and approached the gate.
Acts 11:11“arrived”kai idou exautēs treis anērois efistanala epi tan oikian en ha ane, apostelirētois apo Kaisareiau pros min.Just then three men sent to me from Caesarea stopped at the house where I was staying.
efistanatē“come”has happened · he/she/itperfect active indicative 3rd person singular1×
2 Timothy 4:6“come”Mis gar ēdē spendimō, kai tos kairos tau analusiau mu efistanatē.For I am already being poured out like a drink offering, and the time of my departure is at hand.
efistanateia“come”happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
Luke 21:34“come”Prosechavōr de heautoi mēpote barileia vu tais kardiais en kraipala kai metha kai merimnai biōtikai, kai efistanateia epi vin aifnidias tas hēmeras ekeinasBut watch yourselves, or your hearts will be weighed down by dissipation, drunkenness, and the worries of life — and that day will spring upon you suddenly like a snare.
efistanasar“ready”happened · youaorist active imperative 2nd person singular1×
2 Timothy 4:2“ready”kērussasar ton logon, efistanasar eukairōs akairōs, elenchasar, epitimasar, parakalasar, en panta makrothumia kai didacha.Preach the word; be prepared in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and encourage with every form of patient instruction.
efistanaratos“stood”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular masculine4×
Luke 4:39“stood”kai efistanaratos epanō autau epitimata to pureto, kai afiēkata autan; parachrēma de anistanaratas diakonate autoi.and He stood over her and rebuked the fever, and it left her. And she got up at once and began to serve them.
Acts 22:13“stood”ercharatos pros min kai efistanaratos legata mi; Saoul adelfor, anablepasar; kamis auta ta hōra anablepama eis auton.came and stood beside me. ‘Brother Saul,’ he said, ‘receive your sight.’ And at that moment I could see him.
Acts 23:11“stood”Ta de epeiarōta nuxa efistanaratos auto tos kurios legata; Tharsasōr, hōs gar diamarturesa teim peri mu eis Ierousalēm houtōs sin datō kai eis Rōman marturara.The following night the Lord stood near Paul and said, “Take courage! As you have testified about Me in Jerusalem, so also you must testify in Rome.”
Acts 23:27“came”ton anēron houton sullambiraton hupo toiu Ioudaioiu kai mellarōton anairirō hupo autoiu efistanaratos sun te strateume exairema, matharatos hoti Rōmaios atō,This man was seized by the Jews, and they were about to kill him when I came with my troops to rescue him. For I had learned that he is a Roman citizen,
efistanaratas“came up”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular feminine2×
Luke 2:38“came up”kai auta ta hōra efistanaratas anthomologete to theo kai lalate peri autou pantoi toi prosdecherōtoi lutrōsian Ierousalēm.Coming forward at that moment, she gave thanks to God and spoke about the Child to all who were waiting for the redemption of Jerusalem.
Luke 10:40“approached”tas de Marthas perispite peri pollan diakonian; efistanaratas de legata; Kurior, ouk meleiatō si hoti tas adelfas mu monan min kataleipate diakonarō? legasar oun auta hina mi sunantilambeteia.But Martha was distracted by all the preparations to be made. She came to Jesus and said, “Lord, do You not care that my sister has left me to serve alone? Tell her to help me!”
efistanaratois“came up”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculine2×
Acts 6:12“came up”sunkinala tē ton laon kai toin presbuteroin kai toin grammatevoin, kai efistanaratois sunarpazala auton kai agala eis tem sunedriem,So they stirred up the people, elders, and scribes and confronted Stephen. They seized him and brought him before the Sanhedrin,
Acts 17:5“attacked”zēlaratois de tois Ioudaiois kai proslamberatois toiu agoraioiu anēroin tinoin ponēroin kai ochlopoiaratois thorubale tan politan, kai efistanaratois ta oikia Iasōnou zētale autoin proagara eis ton dēmon;The Jews, however, became jealous. So they brought in some troublemakers from the marketplace, formed a mob, and sent the city into an uproar. They raided Jason’s house in search of Paul and Silas, hoping to bring them out to the people.
efistanarētos“standing by”has happened · subjectperfect active participle nominative singular masculine1×
Acts 22:20“standing by”kai hote ekchite tem haimem Stefanou tou marturou su, kai autos eme efistanarētos kai suneudokarōtos kai fulassarōtos teim himatieim toiu anairarōtoiu auton.And when the blood of Your witness Stephen was shed, I stood there giving my approval and watching over the garments of those who killed him.’
efistanarēton“begun”has happened · objectperfect active participle accusative singular masculine1×
Acts 28:2“begun”tois tē barbarois parechale ouk tan tunchanaratan filanthrōpian ni, haptaratois gar puran proslambela pantoin nin dia ton hueton ton efistanarēton kai dia tem psuchem.The islanders showed us extraordinary kindness. They kindled a fire and welcomed all of us because it was raining and cold.