verb
hupomenamō
Strong’sG5278
I remain behind, endure
stem hupomen-17 times in the New Testamentin 10 of 27 books12 forms occur
What it means
A plain-English reading of the word, with the lexicons it draws on — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones — right below it, in full.
AI Summary
To remain or stay behind in a place, as when someone stays while others go on ahead 124.
The word is also used figuratively of enduring hardship, suffering, or trials with patience and steadfastness, that is, to bear up under difficulty rather than give way, and so to persevere 124. Related to this is a use meaning to wait for something, in the sense of awaiting it with patient expectation 1.
Sources: 1 Abbott-Smith 2 Strong's 3 LSJ 4 Dodson. Condensed by anthropic/claude-sonnet-5 on 2026-09-23 — it may still misstate what these say; check them yourself if it matters to you.
The lexicons it was drawn from, in full:
Abbott-Smith — the 1922 lexicon entry, in full
ὑπο-μένω
[in LXX chiefly for קָוָה, also for יָחַל hi., etc.;]
SYN.: μακροθυμέω (v.s. ὑπομονή)
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G5278 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidhoop-om-en'-o
to stay under (behind), i.e. remain; figuratively, to undergo, i.e. bear (trials), have fortitude, persevere
King Jamesabide, endure, (take) patient(-ly), suffer, tarry behind.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
future -μενῶ conjecture in Refs 4th c.BC+:— stay behind, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὑπομεινον ἕως ἂν παραγένηται Refs 3rd c.BC+: also, remain alive, Refs 5th c.BC+: of things, to be left behind, remain, ὑπέμεινε τὸ παχύτερον Refs 2nd c.AD+: generally, to be permanent, Refs 4th c.BC+
II transitive,
II.1 with accusative person, abide or await another, διὰ τοῦτό σε οὐχ ὑπέμενον Refs 5th c.BC+; especially await his attack, bide the onset, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὑ. τὰς Σειρῆνας abide their presence, Refs 5th c.BC+; of evils, κακῶν ὅσα ἡμᾶς ἐν ὑστέρῳ χρόνῳ ὑ. Refs 5th c.BC+
II.2 with accusative of things, to be patient under, abide patiently, submit to any evil that threatens one, δουλείαν Refs 5th c.BC+; face, τὴν μέλλουσαν δουληΐην Refs 5th c.BC+; face up to, λόγον Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐχὑπέμειναν τὰς δωρεάς they could not abide the gifts, i. e. scorned to accept them, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑ. τὴν κρίσιν await one's trial, Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, wait for, τὴν ἑορτήν Refs 5th c.BC+; μακρὸν οὐχ ὑπέμεινεν ὄλβον could not endure his great bliss, i. e. it turned his head, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.3 absolutely, stand one's ground, stand firm, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὑπομένων καρτερεῖν endure patiently, Refs
II.4 with infinitive, submit, bear, or dare to do a thing, wait to do, οὐδ᾽ ὑπέμεινε γνώμεναι he did not wait for us to know him, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὑ. πονεῖν he submitted to toil, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.5 with participle relating to the subject, εἰ ὑπομενέουσι χεῖρας ἐμοὶ ἀνταειρόμενοι if they shall dare to lift hand against me, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπομένεις με κηδεύων you persist in.., Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐχ ὑπομένει ὠφελούμενος he submits not to be helped, Refs 5th c.BC+
II.6 with participle relating to the object, ὑ. Ξέρξην ἐπιόντα await his coming, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐ.. γὰρ ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ χωριζόμενον τὸ βρέφος ὑπέμενεν (i.e. τὸ θηρίον) it (the elephant) could not bear the infant's being removed, Refs 3rd c.BC+participle, φιλοῦντος ὑ. submit to his kissing, Refs 2nd c.AD+
II.7 in Refs 2nd c.AD+
II.8 promise, with future infinitive, Refs 4th c.AD+
II.9 admit of, like{δέχομαι}Refs 1st c.BC+
II.10 τὴν ναυτίαν οὐχ ὑπομένουσιν do not suffer from seasickness, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἀλλοκότους φαντασίας τῆς ψυχῆς ὑπομενούσης experiencing, Refs; ὅταν ἔμφραξιν ὑπομένῃ ὁ πόρος χωρὶς αἰτίας undergoes obstruction, Refs 6th c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| hupomenamōὑπομένω | happening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singular | endure | 1× |
| hupomenatōὑπομένει | happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular | endures | 2× |
| hupomenanōὑπομένομεν | happening now · wepresent active indicative 1st person plural | endure | 1× |
| hupomenavōὑπομένετε | happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural | endure | 1× |
| hupomenaviὑπομενεῖτε | will happen · yefuture active indicative 2nd person plural | endure | 2× |
| hupomenataὑπέμεινεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | endured | 2× |
| hupomenavaὑπεμείνατε | happened · yeaorist active indicative 2nd person plural | endured | 1× |
| hupomenalaὑπέμεινάν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | remained | 1× |
| hupomenarōntoisὑπομένοντες | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine | patient | 1× |
| hupomenarantosὑπομείνας | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular masculine | endures | 3× |
| hupomenarantoinὑπομείναντας | happened · objectaorist active participle accusative plural masculine | endured | 1× |
| hupomenarēntonὑπομεμενηκότα | has happened · objectperfect active participle accusative singular masculine | endured | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 11 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hupomenamō1×ὑπομένω | hupomename | hupomenami | hupomenama | hupomenamē | hupomenamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | hupomenasō | hupomenase | hupomenasi | hupomenasa | hupomenasē | hupomenaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hupomenatō2×ὑπομένει | hupomenate | hupomenati | hupomenata2×ὑπέμεινεν | hupomenatē | hupomenatelē |
| we 1st person plural | hupomenanō1×ὑπομένομεν | hupomenane | hupomenani | hupomenana | hupomenanē | hupomenanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | hupomenavō1×ὑπομένετε | hupomenave | hupomenavi2×ὑπομενεῖτε | hupomenava1×ὑπεμείνατε | hupomenavē | hupomenavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | hupomenalō | hupomenale | hupomenali | hupomenala1×ὑπέμεινάν | hupomenalē | hupomenalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hupomenameiō | hupomenameia | hupomenameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | hupomenaseiō | hupomenaseia | hupomenaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hupomenateiō | hupomenateia | hupomenateiē |
| we 1st person plural | hupomenaneiō | hupomenaneia | hupomenaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | hupomenaveiō | hupomenaveia | hupomenaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | hupomenaleiō | hupomenaleia | hupomenaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | hupomenasōr | hupomenasar | hupomenasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hupomenatōr | hupomenatar | hupomenatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | hupomenavōr | hupomenavar | hupomenavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | hupomenalōr | hupomenalar | hupomenalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hupomenamoiō | hupomenamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | hupomenasoiō | hupomenasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hupomenatoiō | hupomenatoia |
| we 1st person plural | hupomenanoiō | hupomenanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | hupomenavoiō | hupomenavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | hupomenaloiō | hupomenaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | hupomenarō | hupomenari | hupomenara | hupomenarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 6 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | hupomenarōntos1× | hupomenarintos | hupomenarantos4×ὑπομείνας | hupomenarēntos1× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
hupomen is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
17 occurrences, every one of them listed
hupomenamō“endure”happening now · Ipresent active indicative 1st person singular1×
2 Timothy 2:10dia houtem panteim hupomenamō dia toin eklektoin, hina kai autois …For this reason I endure all things for the sake of …
hupomenatō“endures”happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular2×
1 Corinthians 13:7… stegatō, panteim pisteuatō, panteim elpizatō, panteim hupomenatō.… believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.
James 1:12“endures”Makarios andros hos hupomenatō peirasmon, hoti dokimos generantos labeti ton …Blessed is the man who perseveres under trial, because when he has stood the test, he will receive the crown of …
hupomenanō“endure”happening now · wepresent active indicative 1st person plural1×
2 Timothy 2:12ei hupomenanō, kai sumbasilani; ei arneni, kakeinos arneti …if we endure, we will also reign with Him …
hupomenavō“endure”happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural1×
Hebrews 12:7eis paideian hupomenavō; hōs huioi vi prosferotō tos theos; …Endure suffering as discipline; God is treating …
hupomenavi“endure”will happen · yefuture active indicative 2nd person plural2×
1 Peter 2:20… gar kleem ei hamartarōntois kai kolafizorōntois hupomenavi? alla ei agathopoiarōntois kai pascharōntois hupomenavi, …… beaten for doing wrong and you endure it? But if you suffer for …
1 Peter 2:20… hupomenavi? alla ei agathopoiarōntois kai pascharōntois hupomenavi, houtem charitas para theo.… suffer for doing good and you endure it, this is commendable before God.
hupomenata“endured”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular2×
Luke 2:43“stayed behind”… tain hēmerain, en te hupostrefarō autoin hupomenata Iēsus tos paidos en Ierousalēm, kai …When those days were over and they were returning home, the boy Jesus remained behind in Jerusalem, but His parents …
Hebrews 12:2… hos anti tau prokeiorōntau auto charau hupomenata stauron aischunau katafronarantos, en dexa tē …… for the joy set before Him endured the cross, scorning its shame, and …
hupomenava“endured”happened · yeaorist active indicative 2nd person plural1×
Hebrews 10:32… hēmerain, en hai fōtizirantois pollan athlēsian hupomenava pathēmeiu,… the light. In those days, you endured a great conflict in the face …
hupomenala“remained”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Acts 17:14… adelfois poreuorō heōs epi tan thalassan; hupomenala tē tos tē Silos kai tos …… the coast, but Silas and Timothy remained in Berea.
hupomenarōntois“patient”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine1×
Romans 12:12ta elpida chairarōntois, ta thlipsia hupomenarōntois, ta proseucha proskarterarōntois,Be joyful in hope, patient in affliction, persistent in prayer.
hupomenarantos“endures”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular masculine3×
Matthew 10:22“endures”… dia tem onomem mu; tos de hupomenarantos eis telem houtos sōziti.… by everyone because of My name, but the one who perseveres to the end will be saved.
Matthew 24:13“endures”tos de hupomenarantos eis telem houtos sōziti.But the one who perseveres to the end will be saved.
Mark 13:13“endures”… dia tem onomem mu. tos de hupomenarantos eis telem houtos sōziti.… by everyone because of My name, but the one who perseveres to the end will be saved.
hupomenarantoin“endured”happened · objectaorist active participle accusative plural masculine1×
James 5:11“endured”idou makarizanō toin hupomenarantoin; tan hupomonan Iōb akouava, kai tem …… we consider those who have persevered. You have heard of Job’s perseverance and have seen the outcome from the Lord. The …
hupomenarēnton“endured”has happened · objectperfect active participle accusative singular masculine1×
Hebrews 12:3Analogizevar gar ton toioutan hupomenarēnton hupo toiu hamartōloiu eis heautoin antilogian, …Consider Him who endured such hostility from sinners, so that …