verb
xērainimō
Greekξηραίνω (xērainō)
Strong’sG3583
I dry up, parch, ripen
stem xērain-15 times in the New Testamentin 7 of 27 books5 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
ξηραίνω
(< ξηρός), [in LXX chiefly for יָבֵשׁ;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G3583 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidxay-rah'-ee-no
to desiccate; by implication, to shrivel, to mature
Fromfrom G3584;
King Jamesdry up, pine away, be ripe, wither (away).
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| xērainitōξηραίνεται | happening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singular | becomes rigid | 1× |
| xērainataἐξήρανεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | withers | 1× |
| xērainitaἐξηράνθη | happened · he/she/itaorist passive indicative 3rd person singular | withered away | 10× |
| xērainitēἐξήρανται | has happened · he/she/itperfect passive indicative 3rd person singular | withered | 1× |
| xērainirētanἐξηραμμένην | has happened · objectperfect passive participle accusative singular feminine | withered | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 13 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | xērainamō | xērainame | xērainami | xērainama | xērainamē | xērainamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | xērainasō | xērainase | xērainasi | xērainasa | xērainasē | xērainaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | xērainatō | xērainate | xērainati | xērainata1×ἐξήρανεν | xērainatē | xērainatelē |
| we 1st person plural | xērainanō | xērainane | xērainani | xērainana | xērainanē | xērainanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | xērainavō | xērainave | xērainavi | xērainava | xērainavē | xērainavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | xērainalō | xērainale | xērainali | xērainala | xērainalē | xērainalelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | xērainimō | xērainime | xērainimi | xērainima | xērainimē | xērainimelē |
| you 2nd person singular | xērainisō | xērainise | xērainisi | xērainisa | xērainisē | xērainiselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | xērainitō1×ξηραίνεται | xērainite | xērainiti | xērainita10×ἐξηράνθη | xērainitē1×ἐξήρανται | xērainitelē |
| we 1st person plural | xēraininō | xērainine | xērainini | xērainina | xēraininē | xēraininelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | xērainivō | xērainive | xērainivi | xērainiva | xērainivē | xērainivelē |
| they 3rd person plural | xērainilō | xērainile | xērainili | xērainila | xērainilē | xērainilelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | xērainameiō | xērainameia | xērainameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | xērainaseiō | xērainaseia | xērainaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | xērainateiō | xērainateia | xērainateiē |
| we 1st person plural | xērainaneiō | xērainaneia | xērainaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | xērainaveiō | xērainaveia | xērainaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | xērainaleiō | xērainaleia | xērainaleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | xērainimeiō | xērainimeia | xērainimeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | xērainiseiō | xērainiseia | xērainiseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | xērainiteiō | xērainiteia | xērainiteiē |
| we 1st person plural | xērainineiō | xērainineia | xērainineiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | xērainiveiō | xērainiveia | xērainiveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | xērainileiō | xērainileia | xērainileiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | xērainasōr | xērainasar | xērainasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | xērainatōr | xērainatar | xērainatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | xērainavōr | xērainavar | xērainavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | xērainalōr | xērainalar | xērainalēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | xērainisōr | xērainisar | xērainisēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | xērainitōr | xērainitar | xērainitēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | xērainivōr | xērainivar | xērainivēr |
| they 3rd person plural | xērainilōr | xērainilar | xērainilēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | xērainamoiō | xērainamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | xērainasoiō | xērainasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | xērainatoiō | xērainatoia |
| we 1st person plural | xērainanoiō | xērainanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | xērainavoiō | xērainavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | xērainaloiō | xērainaloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | xērainimoiō | xērainimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | xērainisoiō | xērainisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | xērainitoiō | xērainitoia |
| we 1st person plural | xēraininoiō | xēraininoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | xērainivoiō | xērainivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | xērainiloiō | xērainiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | xērainarō | xērainari | xērainara | xērainarē |
| acted on passive voice | xērainirō | xērainiri | xērainira | xērainirē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 2 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | xērainarōtos | xērainaritos | xērainaratos | xērainarētos |
| acted on passive voice | xērainirōtos | xērainiritos | xērainiratos | xērainirētos2× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
xērain is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
15 occurrences, every one of them listed
xērainitō“becomes rigid”happening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Mark 9:18“becomes rigid”kai hopou ean auton katalambateia rēgnuatō auton, kai afrizatō kai trizatō toin odontoin kai xērainitō; kai legama toi mathētoi su hina autem ekballaleia, kai ouk ischuala.Whenever it seizes him, it throws him to the ground. He foams at the mouth, gnashes his teeth, and becomes rigid. I asked Your disciples to drive it out, but they were unable.”
xērainata“withers”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular1×
James 1:11“withers”anatellata gar tos hēlios sun to kausōno kai xērainata ton chorton, kai tem anthem autou ekpiptata kai tas euprepeias teu prosōpeu auteu apollueta; houtōs kai tos plousios en tai poreiai autou marainiti.For the sun rises with scorching heat and withers the plant; its flower falls and its beauty is lost. So too, the rich man will fade away in the midst of his pursuits.
xērainita“withered away”happened · he/she/itaorist passive indicative 3rd person singular10×
Matthew 13:6“withered away”hēliou de anatellaratou kaumatizita kai dia tem mē echarō rizan xērainita.But when the sun rose, the seedlings were scorched, and they withered because they had no root.
Matthew 21:19“withered”kai horaratos sukan henan epi tau hodau erchata epi autan, kai oudenem heuriskata en auta ei mē fulleim monem, kai legatō auta; Mēketi ek su karpos gineteia eis ton aiōnon; kai xērainita parachrēma tas sukas.Seeing a fig tree by the road, He went up to it but found nothing on it except leaves. “May you never bear fruit again!” He said. And immediately the tree withered.
Matthew 21:20“wither”kai horaratois tois mathētois thaumazala legarōtois; Pōs parachrēma xērainita tas sukas?When the disciples saw this, they marveled and asked, “How did the fig tree wither so quickly?”
Mark 4:6“withered away”kai hote anatellata tos hēlios kaumatizita kai dia tem mē echarō rizan xērainita.But when the sun rose, the seedlings were scorched, and they withered because they had no root.
Mark 5:29“dried up”kai euthuos xērainita tas pēgas teu haimeu autau, kai gnōskata te sōme hoti iitē apo tau mastixau.Immediately her bleeding stopped, and she sensed in her body that she was healed of her affliction.
Luke 8:6“withered away”kai heterem katapiptata epi tan petran, kai fuiratem xērainita dia tem mē echarō ikmadan.Some fell on rocky ground, and when it came up, the seedlings withered because they had no moisture.
John 15:6“withers”ean mē tinos menateiō en mi, ballita exō hōs tem klēmem kai xērainita, kai sunagalō auteim kai eis tem purem ballalō kai kaiitō.If anyone does not remain in Me, he is like a branch that is thrown away and withers. Such branches are gathered up, thrown into the fire, and burned.
1 Peter 1:24“withers”dioti pantas sarxas hōs chortos, kai pantas doxas autau hōs anthem chortou; xērainita tos chortos, kai tem anthem ekpiptata;For, “All flesh is like grass, and all its glory like the flowers of the field; the grass withers and the flowers fall,
Revelation 14:15“ripe”kai allos angelos exerchata ek tou naou krazarōtos en fōna mega to katherōto epi tau nefelau; Pempasar tem drepanem su kai therizasar, hoti erchata tas hōras therizara, hoti xērainita tos therismos tau gēau.Then another angel came out of the temple, crying out in a loud voice to the One seated on the cloud, “Swing Your sickle and reap, because the time has come to harvest, for the crop of the earth is ripe.”
Revelation 16:12“dried up”Kai tos hektos ekchata tan fialan autou epi ton potamon ton megon ton Eufraton; kai xērainita tem hudōrem autou, hina hetoimaziteia tas hodas toiu basilevoiu toiu apo anatolau hēliou.And the sixth angel poured out his bowl on the great river Euphrates, and its water was dried up to prepare the way for the kings of the East.
xērainitē“withered”has happened · he/she/itperfect passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Mark 11:21“withered”kai anamimnēskiratos tos Petros legatō auto; Rabbi, ide tas sukas han kataresa xērainitē.Peter remembered it and said, “Look, Rabbi! The fig tree You cursed has withered.”
xērainirētan“withered”has happened · objectperfect passive participle accusative singular feminine2×
Mark 3:1“withered”Kai eiserchata palin eis sunagōgan, kai ate ekei anthrōpos xērainirētan echarōtos tan cheiran.Once again Jesus entered the synagogue, and a man with a withered hand was there.
Mark 11:20“withered”Kai paraporeuerōtois prōi horala tan sukan xērainirētan ek rizaiu.As they were walking back in the morning, they saw the fig tree withered from its roots.