verb
ekchamō
Strong’sG1632
I pour out, shed
stem ekch-27 times in the New Testamentin 9 of 27 books13 forms occur
What it means
A plain-English reading of the word, with the lexicons it draws on — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones — right below it, in full.
AI Summary
ἐκχέω means to pour out, shed 124, said properly of liquids and other things emptied from a container: wine, blood, coins poured out, and, in the passive, wine spilled or bowls emptied out 134. This is the ordinary literal use found throughout Greek, including the Bible's language of blood being poured out or shed, and coins poured out of a container 13.
The word is also used metaphorically for the Spirit and for love being "poured out" on people, and can be used of persons giving themselves up to something, in the sense of abandoning themselves to it, comparable to "running riotously" 12. Strong's likewise gives a figurative sense of "bestowing" something 2.
Sources: 1 Abbott-Smith 2 Strong's 3 LSJ 4 Dodson. Condensed by anthropic/claude-sonnet-5 on 2026-09-23 — it may still misstate what these say; check them yourself if it matters to you.
The lexicons it was drawn from, in full:
Abbott-Smith — the 1922 lexicon entry, in full
ἐκ-χέω also Hellenistic, ἐκχύνω (in Th.: II Ki 14:14 *), and ἐκχύννω (q.v.)
[in LXX chiefly for שָׁפַךְ;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G1632 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidek-kheh'-o
to pour forth; figuratively, to bestow
Fromfrom G1537 and χέω (to pour);
King Jamesgush (pour) out, run greedily (out), shed (abroad, forth), spill.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
(laterἐκφων-χύνω NT, etc., condemned by Refs 2nd c.AD+future -χέω (see. χέω): aorist 1 ἐξέχεα (also imperative ἔκχυσον Refs 5th c.AD+; Epic dialect aorist middle ἐκχευάμην Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect ἐκκέχῠκα Refs 4th c.BC+:—pour out, properly of liquids, οἶνον NT+8th c.BC+; ἀναίτιον αἷμα Refs 2nd c.BC+; πηγάς Refs 5th c.BC+is spilt, NT he poured forth his arrows, Refs 8th c.BC+
b pour away: hence, spill, a vessel, ποδάνιπτρον Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸν χόα Men.[same place]:—passive, to be drained, εἰς [διώρυχα] Refs 1st c.AD+
2 of words, pour forth, utter, Refs 5th c.BC+
3 pour out like water, squander, waste, ὄλβον Refs 5th c.BC+; spoil, τὸ πᾶν σόφισμα Refs 5th c.BC+
4 spread out, λίνα, ὀθόνας, Refs 3rd c.BC+
5 throw down, τινὰ κατὰ τοῦ κρηνοῦ Refs 1st c.BC+
6 ὕπνον ἐ. shed, i.e. shake off sleep, Refs 3rd c.BC+
7 ={συγχέω},{ὅρκια} Refs 5th c.AD+
II passive, used by Refs 8th c.BC+pluperfect ἐξεκέχυντο, as also in 3rd.pers. singular Epic dialect aorist ἐξέχῠτο or ἔκχῠτο, participle ἐκχύμενος [ῠ]: later future ἐκχῠθήσομαι Refs 2nd c.BC+:—pour out, stream out or forth, properly of liquids, NT+8th c.BC+; ἱππόθεν ἐκχύμενοι pouring from the [wooden] horse, Refs 8th c.BC+: generally, to be spread out, πολλὰ δὲ [δέσματα].. μελαθρόφιν ἐξεκέχυντο Refs 8th c.BC+
II.2 metaphorically, ῥηθέντα ματαίως ἐκκέχυται στομάτων Refs 5th c.BC+; to be cast away, forgotten, ἐκκέχυται φιλότης Refs 6th c.BC+
II.3 give oneself up to any emotion, to be overjoyed, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. εἰς ἑταίρας, εἰς τὸν κίνδυνον, give oneself up to.., Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐπὶ τὰ εὐτρεπισθέντα, of a glutton, Refs 1st c.AD+
II.4 lie languidly, Refs 3rd c.BC+
II.5 metaphorically, of Time, ἐ. κατὰ τὴν χρονικὴν παράτασιν Refs 5th c.AD+
II.6 extend, of a piece of land, Refs 1st c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
What the New Testament actually uses, first — the whole system this verb is built from is one click further down.
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| ekchotōἐκχεῖται | happening now · he/she/itpresent middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular | spilled | 1× |
| ekchoteἐξεχύννετο | was happening · he/she/itimperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular | shed | 1× |
| ekchamiἐκχεῶ | will happen · Ifuture active indicative 1st person singular | pour out | 2× |
| ekchitiἐκχυθήσεται | will happen · he/she/itfuture passive indicative 3rd person singular | spilled | 1× |
| ekchataἐξέχεεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | poured out | 10× |
| ekchalaἐξέχεαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | shed | 1× |
| ekchitaἐξεχύθη | happened · he/she/itaorist passive indicative 3rd person singular | gushed out | 1× |
| ekchilaἐξεχύθησαν | happened · theyaorist passive indicative 3rd person plural | abandon | 1× |
| ekchotēἐκκέχυται | has happened · he/she/itperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular | poured out | 2× |
| ekchavōrἐκχέετε | happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural | pour out | 1× |
| ekcharaἐκχέαι | happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive | shed | 1× |
| ekchorōntemἐκχυννόμενον | happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle direct singular neuter | poured out | 4× |
| ekchorēntemἐκκεχυμένον | has happened · subjectperfect middle or passive participle direct singular neuter | shed | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 20 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekchamō | ekchame | ekchami2×ἐκχεῶ | ekchama | ekchamē | ekchamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | ekchasō | ekchase | ekchasi | ekchasa | ekchasē | ekchaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchatō | ekchate | ekchati | ekchata10×ἐξέχεεν | ekchatē | ekchatelē |
| we 1st person plural | ekchanō | ekchane | ekchani | ekchana | ekchanē | ekchanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchavō | ekchave | ekchavi | ekchava | ekchavē | ekchavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | ekchalō | ekchale | ekchali | ekchala1×ἐξέχεαν | ekchalē | ekchalelē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekchomō | ekchome | ekchomē | ekchomelē |
| you 2nd person singular | ekchosō | ekchose | ekchosē | ekchoselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchotō1×ἐκχεῖται | ekchote1×ἐξεχύννετο | ekchotē2×ἐκκέχυται | ekchotelē |
| we 1st person plural | ekchonō | ekchone | ekchonē | ekchonelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchovō | ekchove | ekchovē | ekchovelē |
| they 3rd person plural | ekcholō | ekchole | ekcholē | ekcholelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | will happen future | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekchimi | ekchima |
| you 2nd person singular | ekchisi | ekchisa |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchiti1×ἐκχυθήσεται | ekchita1×ἐξεχύθη |
| we 1st person plural | ekchini | ekchina |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchivi | ekchiva |
| they 3rd person plural | ekchili | ekchila1×ἐξεχύθησαν |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekchameiō | ekchameia | ekchameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | ekchaseiō | ekchaseia | ekchaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchateiō | ekchateia | ekchateiē |
| we 1st person plural | ekchaneiō | ekchaneia | ekchaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchaveiō | ekchaveia | ekchaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | ekchaleiō | ekchaleia | ekchaleiē |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekchomeiō | ekchomeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | ekchoseiō | ekchoseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchoteiō | ekchoteiē |
| we 1st person plural | ekchoneiō | ekchoneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchoveiō | ekchoveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | ekcholeiō | ekcholeiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekchimeia |
| you 2nd person singular | ekchiseia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchiteia |
| we 1st person plural | ekchineia |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchiveia |
| they 3rd person plural | ekchileia |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | ekchasōr | ekchasar | ekchasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchatōr | ekchatar | ekchatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchavōr1×ἐκχέετε | ekchavar | ekchavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | ekchalōr | ekchalar | ekchalēr |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | ekchosōr | ekchosēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchotōr | ekchotēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchovōr | ekchovēr |
| they 3rd person plural | ekcholōr | ekcholēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | ekchisar |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchitar |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchivar |
| they 3rd person plural | ekchilar |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekchamoiō | ekchamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | ekchasoiō | ekchasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchatoiō | ekchatoia |
| we 1st person plural | ekchanoiō | ekchanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchavoiō | ekchavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | ekchaloiō | ekchaloia |
acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice
| Who person | happening now present |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekchomoiō |
| you 2nd person singular | ekchosoiō |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchotoiō |
| we 1st person plural | ekchonoiō |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchovoiō |
| they 3rd person plural | ekcholoiō |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happened aorist |
|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | ekchimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | ekchisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | ekchitoia |
| we 1st person plural | ekchinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | ekchivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | ekchiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | ekcharō | ekchari | ekchara1×ἐκχέαι | ekcharē |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | ekchorō | ekchorē | ||
| acted on passive voice | ekchiri | ekchira |
Used as an adjective — participle, 5 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | ekcharōntos | ekcharintos | ekcharantos | ekcharēntos |
| acts on itself, or is acted on middle or passive voice | ekchorōntos4× | ekchorēntos1× | ||
| acted on passive voice | ekchirintos | ekchirantos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
ekch is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
27 occurrences, every one of them listed
ekchotō“spilled”happening now · he/she/itpresent middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Matthew 9:17“spilled”… rēgolō tois askois, kai tos oinos ekchotō kai tois askois apololō; alla balalō …… they do, the skins will burst, the wine will spill, and the wineskins will be ruined. Instead, they pour new wine into new wineskins, and both are …
ekchote“shed”was happening · he/she/itimperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 22:20kai hote ekchote tem haimem Stefanou tou marturou su, …… blood of Your witness Stephen was shed, I stood there giving my approval …
ekchami“pour out”will happen · Ifuture active indicative 1st person singular2×
Acts 2:17… tai eschatai hēmerai, legatō tos theos, ekchami apo teu pneumeu mu epi pantan …… last days, God says, I will pour out My Spirit on all people. Your …
Acts 2:18… doulain mu en tai hēmerai ekeinai ekchami apo teu pneumeu mu, kai profēteuali.… My menservants and maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days, and …
ekchiti“spilled”will happen · he/she/itfuture passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Luke 5:37“spilled”… tos neos toin askoin, kai autos ekchiti kai tois askois apoleli;… he does, the new wine will burst the skins, the wine will spill, and the wineskins will …
ekchata“poured out”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular10×
John 2:15… kai toin bouoin, kai toiu kollubistoiu ekchata teim kermeim kai tain trapezain anastrefata,… courts, both sheep and cattle. He poured out the coins of the money changers …
Acts 2:33… teu hagieu labarantos para tou patrou ekchata houtem hem vis blepavō kai akouavō.… the promised Holy Spirit and has poured out what you now see and hear.
Titus 3:6heu ekchata epi nin plousiōs dia Iēsu Christou …This is the Spirit He poured out on us abundantly through Jesus Christ …
Revelation 16:2Kai aperchata tos prōtos kai ekchata tan fialan autou eis tan gēan; …So the first angel went and poured out his bowl on the earth, and …
Revelation 16:3Kai tos deuteros ekchata tan fialan autou eis tan thalassan; …And the second angel poured out his bowl into the sea, and …
Revelation 16:4Kai tos tritos ekchata tan fialan autou eis toin potamoin …And the third angel poured out his bowl into the rivers and …
Revelation 16:8Kai tos tetartos ekchata tan fialan autou epi ton hēlion; …Then the fourth angel poured out his bowl on the sun, and …
Revelation 16:10Kai tos pemptos ekchata tan fialan autou epi ton thronon …And the fifth angel poured out his bowl on the throne of …
Revelation 16:12Kai tos hektos ekchata tan fialan autou epi ton potamon …And the sixth angel poured out his bowl on the great river …
Revelation 16:17Kai tos hebdomos ekchata tan fialan autou epi ton aeron …Then the seventh angel poured out his bowl into the air, and …
ekchala“shed”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Revelation 16:6“shed”hoti haimem hagioiu kai profētoiu ekchala, kai haimem autoi dōasē pinara; axiois …For they have spilled the blood of saints and prophets, and You have given them blood to drink, as they …
ekchita“gushed out”happened · he/she/itaorist passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 1:18“gushed out”… kai prēnos generantos lakata mesos, kai ekchita panteim teim splanchneim autou.… fell headlong and burst open in the middle, and all his intestines spilled out.
ekchila“abandon”happened · theyaorist passive indicative 3rd person plural1×
Jude 1:11“abandon”… kai ta plana tou Balaam misthou ekchila, kai ta antilogia tou Kore apolela.… have traveled the path of Cain; they have rushed for profit into the error of Balaam; they have perished in Korah’s rebellion.
ekchotē“poured out”has happened · he/she/itperfect middle or passive indicative 3rd person singular2×
Acts 10:45… ethneim tas dōreas teu hagieu pneumeu ekchotē;… of the Holy Spirit had been poured out even on the Gentiles.
Romans 5:5… kataischunatō; hoti tas agapas tou theou ekchotē en tai kardiai nu dia pneumeu …… not disappoint us, because God has poured out His love into our hearts through …
ekchavōr“pour out”happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural1×
Revelation 16:1… legarōntau toi hepta angeloi; Hupagavōr kai ekchavōr tain hepta fialain tou thumou tou …… saying to the seven angels, “Go, pour out on the earth the seven bowls …
ekchara“shed”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive1×
Romans 3:15oxuois tois podois autoiu ekchara haimem,“Their feet are swift to shed blood;
ekchorōntem“poured out”happening now · subjectpresent middle or passive participle direct singular neuter4×
Matthew 23:35… erchateia epi vin pantem haimem dikaiem ekchorōntem epi tau gēau apo teu haimeu …… will come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of …
Matthew 26:28… mu tau diathēkau tem peri polloiu ekchorōntem eis afesian hamartaiu;… blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of …
Mark 14:24… tem haimem mu tau diathēkau tem ekchorōntem huper polloiu.… blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.
Luke 22:20… te haime mu, tem huper vu ekchorōntem.… covenant in My blood, which is poured out for you.
ekchorēntem“shed”has happened · subjectperfect middle or passive participle direct singular neuter1×
Luke 11:50… tem haimem pantoiu toiu profētoiu tem ekchorēntem apo katabolau kosmou apo tau geneau …… all the prophets that has been shed since the foundation of the world,