verb
peinamō
Greekπεινάω (peinaō)
Strong’sG3983
I am hungry, needy
stem pein-23 times in the New Testamentin 8 of 27 books13 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
πεινάω, -ῶ,
[in LXX chiefly for = רָעֵב;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G3983 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidpi-nah'-o
"pine"); to famish (absolutely or comparatively); figuratively, to crave
Fromfrom the same as G3993 (through the idea of pinching toil;
King Jamesbe an hungered.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| peinatōπεινᾷ | happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular | hungry | 2× |
| peinanōπεινῶμεν | happening now · wepresent active indicative 1st person plural | hungry | 1× |
| peinaviπεινάσετε | will happen · yefuture active indicative 2nd person plural | hungry | 1× |
| peinaliπεινάσουσιν | will happen · theyfuture active indicative 3rd person plural | hunger | 1× |
| peinamaἐπείνασα | happened · Iaorist active indicative 1st person singular | hungry | 2× |
| peinataἐπείνασεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | hungry | 7× |
| peinalaἐπείνασαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | hungry | 1× |
| peinateiōπεινᾷ | happening now · he/she/itpresent active subjunctive 3rd person singular | hungry | 1× |
| peinateiaπεινάσῃ | happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular | hunger | 1× |
| peinarōπεινᾶν | happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive | hungry | 1× |
| peinarōtonπεινῶντα | happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculine | hungry | 2× |
| peinarōtoisπεινῶντες | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine | hunger | 2× |
| peinarōtoinπεινῶντας | happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural masculine | hungry | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 15 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peinamō | peiname | peinami | peinama2×ἐπείνασα | peinamē | peinamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | peinasō | peinase | peinasi | peinasa | peinasē | peinaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peinatō2×πεινᾷ | peinate | peinati | peinata7×ἐπείνασεν | peinatē | peinatelē |
| we 1st person plural | peinanō1×πεινῶμεν | peinane | peinani | peinana | peinanē | peinanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peinavō | peinave | peinavi1×πεινάσετε | peinava | peinavē | peinavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | peinalō | peinale | peinali1×πεινάσουσιν | peinala1×ἐπείνασαν | peinalē | peinalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 2 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peinameiō | peinameia | peinameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | peinaseiō | peinaseia | peinaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peinateiō1×πεινᾷ | peinateia1×πεινάσῃ | peinateiē |
| we 1st person plural | peinaneiō | peinaneia | peinaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peinaveiō | peinaveia | peinaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | peinaleiō | peinaleia | peinaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | peinasōr | peinasar | peinasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peinatōr | peinatar | peinatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | peinavōr | peinavar | peinavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | peinalōr | peinalar | peinalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peinamoiō | peinamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | peinasoiō | peinasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peinatoiō | peinatoia |
| we 1st person plural | peinanoiō | peinanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | peinavoiō | peinavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | peinaloiō | peinaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 1 occurrence
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | peinarō1×πεινᾶν | peinari | peinara | peinarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 5 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | peinarōtos5× | peinaritos | peinaratos | peinarētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
pein is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
23 occurrences, every one of them listed
peinatō“hungry”happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular2×
1 Corinthians 11:21“hungry”hekastos gar tem idiem deipnem prolambatō en te esthiara, kai hos men peinatō, hos de methuatō.For as you eat, each of you goes ahead without sharing his meal. While one remains hungry, another gets drunk.
1 Corinthians 11:34“hungry”ei tinos peinatō, en oiko esthiatōr, hina mē eis krimem sunercheveiō. Teim de loipeim hōs an erchameia diatassemi.If anyone is hungry, he should eat at home, so that when you come together it will not result in judgment. And when I come, I will give instructions about the remaining matters.
peinanō“hungry”happening now · wepresent active indicative 1st person plural1×
1 Corinthians 4:11“hungry”achri tau arti hōrau kai peinanō kai dipsanō kai gumniteuanō kai kolafizinō kai astatanōTo this very hour we are hungry and thirsty, we are poorly clothed, we are brutally treated, we are homeless.
peinavi“hungry”will happen · yefuture active indicative 2nd person plural1×
Luke 6:25“hungry”ouai vi, toir empimplēirētoir nun, hoti peinavi. ouai, toir gelarōtoir nun, hoti penthavi kai klaiavi.Woe to you who are well fed now, for you will hunger. Woe to you who laugh now, for you will mourn and weep.
peinali“hunger”will happen · theyfuture active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Revelation 7:16“hunger”ouk peinali ēti oude dipsali ēti, oude mē piptateia epi autoin tos hēlios oude pantem kaumem,‘Never again will they hunger, and never will they thirst; nor will the sun beat down upon them, nor any scorching heat.’
peinama“hungry”happened · Iaorist active indicative 1st person singular2×
Matthew 25:35“hungry”peinama gar kai dōava mi esthiara, dipsama kai potizava min, xenos eme kai sunagava min,For I was hungry and you gave Me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave Me something to drink, I was a stranger and you took Me in,
Matthew 25:42“hungry”peinama gar kai ouk dōava mi esthiara, dipsama kai ouk potizava min,For I was hungry and you gave Me nothing to eat, I was thirsty and you gave Me nothing to drink,
peinata“hungry”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular7×
Matthew 4:2“hungry”kai nēsteuaratos hēmerain tesserakonta kai nuxain tesserakonta husterem peinata.After fasting forty days and forty nights, He was hungry.
Matthew 12:3“hungry”tos de legata autoi; Ouk anaginōskava tinem poiata David hote peinata kai tois meta autou?Jesus replied, “Have you not read what David did when he and his companions were hungry?
Matthew 21:18“hungry”Prōi de epanagarōtos eis tan politan peinata.In the morning, as Jesus was returning to the city, He was hungry.
Mark 2:25“hungry”kai legatō autoi; Oudepote anaginōskava tinem poiata David hote chreian echata kai peinata autos kai tois meta autou?Jesus replied, “Have you never read what David did when he and his companions were hungry and in need?
Mark 11:12“hungry”Kai ta epaurion exercharatoiu autoiu apo Bēthaniau peinata.The next day, when they had left Bethany, Jesus was hungry.
Luke 4:2“hungry”hēmerain tesserakonta peirazirōtos hupo tou diabolou. kai ouk esthiata oudenem en tai hēmerai ekeinai, kai suntelirataiu autaiu peinata.where for forty days He was tempted by the devil. He ate nothing during those days, and when they had ended, He was hungry.
Luke 6:3“hungry”kai apokriniratos pros autoin legata tos Iēsus; Oude houtem anaginōskava hem poiata David hopote peinata autos kai tois meta autou arōtois?Jesus replied, “Have you not read what David did when he and his companions were hungry?
peinala“hungry”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Matthew 12:1“hungry”En ekeino to kairo poreuita tos Iēsus tei sabbatei dia teiu sporimeiu; tois de mathētois autou peinala kai archela tillarō stachuoin kai esthiarō.At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry and began to pick the heads of grain and eat them.
peinateiō“hungry”happening now · he/she/itpresent active subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
Romans 12:20“hungry”alla ean peinateiō tos echthros su, psōmizasōr auton; ean dipsateiō, potizasōr auton; houtem gar poiarōtos anthraxoin pureu sōreuasi epi tan kefalan autou.On the contrary, “If your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him a drink. For in so doing, you will heap burning coals on his head.”
peinateia“hunger”happened · he/she/itaorist active subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
John 6:35“hunger”Legata autoi tos Iēsus; Mis amō tos artos tau zōau; tos ercherōtos pros min ouk mē peinateia, kai tos pisteuarōtos eis min ouk mē dipsati pōpote.Jesus answered, “I am the bread of life. Whoever comes to Me will never hunger, and whoever believes in Me will never thirst.
peinarō“hungry”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive1×
Philippians 4:12“hungry”oidamē kai tapeinirō, oidamē kai perisseuarō; en pante kai en pantei muimē, kai chortazirō kai peinarō, kai perisseuarō kai husterirō;I know how to live humbly, and I know how to abound. In any and every situation I have learned the secret of being filled and being hungry, of having plenty and having need.
peinarōton“hungry”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative singular masculine2×
Matthew 25:37“hungry”tote apokrinili auto tois dikaiois legarōtois; Kurior, pote sin horana peinarōton kai trefana, ē dipsarōton kai potizana?Then the righteous will answer Him, ‘Lord, when did we see You hungry and feed You, or thirsty and give You something to drink?
Matthew 25:44“hungry”tote apokrinili kai autois legarōtois; Kurior, pote sin horana peinarōton ē dipsarōton ē xenon ē gumnon ē asthenon ē en fulaka kai ouk diakonana si?And they too will reply, ‘Lord, when did we see You hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison, and did not minister to You?’
peinarōtois“hunger”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine2×
Matthew 5:6“hunger”makariois tois peinarōtois kai dipsarōtois tan dikaiosunan, hoti autois chortazili.Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be filled.
Luke 6:21“hungry”makariois tois peinarōtois nun, hoti chortazivi. makariois tois klaiarōtois nun, hoti gelavi.Blessed are you who hunger now, for you will be filled. Blessed are you who weep now, for you will laugh.
peinarōtoin“hungry”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural masculine1×
Luke 1:53“hungry”peinarōtoin empimplēata agatheiu kai ploutarōtoin exapostelata kenoin.He has filled the hungry with good things, but has sent the rich away empty.