verb

esthamō

Greekἔσθω (esthō)

Strong’sG2068

I eat

stem esth-once in the New Testament1 forms occur

Translated as

ate1×

What it means

ἐσθίω, and (poet, and late prose) ἔσθω,

[in LXX chiefly for אכל;]

to eat;

(a) absol.: Mt 14:20, 21 Mk 6:31, Jo 4:31, al.; ἐν τ. φαγεῖν (on this aor. form, v. M, Pr., 111), I Co 11:21; διδόναι φαγεῖν, c. dat. pers., Mk 5:43, al.; ἐ. καὶ πίνειν, Mt 6:25, 31 Lk 10:7, al.; of ordinary use of food and drink, I Co 9:4 11:22; of partaking of food at table, Mk 2:16, Lk 5:30, al.; opp. to fasting, Mt 11:18, Lk 5:33, al.; of revelling, Mt 24:49, Lk 12:45.

(b) c. acc. rei: Mt 6:25, Mk 1:6, Jo 6:31, Ro 14:2, al.; ἄρτον (Heb. אָכַל לֶחֶם), Mt 15:2, Mk 3:20, al.; τὸν ἑαυτοῦ ἄ., II Th 3:12; ἄ. seq. παρά, gen. pers., II Th 3:8; τά seq. id., Lk 10:7; τ. πάσχα, Mt 26:17, Mk 14:12 al; τ. κυριακὸν δεῖπνον, I Co 11:20; τ. θυσίας, I Co 10:18; seq. ἐκ (= cl. part. gen.), Jo 6:26, 50, 51, I Co 11:28; ἀπό (cf. Heb. אָכַל מִן), Mt 15:27, Mk 7:28; metaph., to devour, consume: He 10:27, Ja 5:3, Re 17:16 (cf. κατ-, συν-εσθίω).

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.

Strong’s G2068 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from

Saides-thee'-o

used only in certain tenses, the rest being supplied by G5315; to eat (usually literal)

Fromstrengthened for a primary ἔδω (to eat);

King Jamesdevour, eat, live.

James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.

Forms in the New Testament

Form and the Greek behind it	What it is	Usually	Times
estharōtosἔσθων	happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine	ate	1×

Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.

Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses

Statements — indicative mood, no occurrences

Who person	happening now present	was happening imperfect	will happen future	happened aorist	has happened perfect	had happened pluperfect
I 1st person singular	esthamō	esthame	esthami	esthama	esthamē	esthamelē
you 2nd person singular	esthasō	esthase	esthasi	esthasa	esthasē	esthaselē
he/she/it 3rd person singular	esthatō	esthate	esthati	esthata	esthatē	esthatelē
we 1st person plural	esthanō	esthane	esthani	esthana	esthanē	esthanelē
ye 2nd person plural	esthavō	esthave	esthavi	esthava	esthavē	esthavelē
they 3rd person plural	esthalō	esthale	esthali	esthala	esthalē	esthalelē

May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences

Who person	happening now present	happened aorist	has happened perfect
I 1st person singular	esthameiō	esthameia	esthameiē
you 2nd person singular	esthaseiō	esthaseia	esthaseiē
he/she/it 3rd person singular	esthateiō	esthateia	esthateiē
we 1st person plural	esthaneiō	esthaneia	esthaneiē
ye 2nd person plural	esthaveiō	esthaveia	esthaveiē
they 3rd person plural	esthaleiō	esthaleia	esthaleiē

Commands — imperative mood, no occurrences

Who person	happening now present	happened aorist	has happened perfect
you 2nd person singular	esthasōr	esthasar	esthasēr
he/she/it 3rd person singular	esthatōr	esthatar	esthatēr
ye 2nd person plural	esthavōr	esthavar	esthavēr
they 3rd person plural	esthalōr	esthalar	esthalēr

Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences

Who person	happening now present	happened aorist
I 1st person singular	esthamoiō	esthamoia
you 2nd person singular	esthasoiō	esthasoia
he/she/it 3rd person singular	esthatoiō	esthatoia
we 1st person plural	esthanoiō	esthanoia
ye 2nd person plural	esthavoiō	esthavoia
they 3rd person plural	esthaloiō	esthaloia

The “to …” form — infinitive, no occurrences

Who is acting voice	happening now present	will happen future	happened aorist	has happened perfect
the subject acts active voice	estharō	esthari	esthara	estharē

Used as an adjective — participle, 1 occurrence

Who is acting voice	happening now present	will happen future	happened aorist	has happened perfect
the subject acts active voice	estharōtos1×ἔσθων	estharitos	estharatos	estharētos

Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.

How every form is built — the slots that make them

esthstem+aeiwho is acting voice+mstnvl—who person+—eiroistatement, command, wish mood+ōeiaēelēwhen tense+—tthen it declines+—ogender+—sits job in the sentence case

esth is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.

same in every form varies — every value shown

Words built on the same stem

esthas — ἐσθής, clothing, raiment

Where it appears

1 occurrence, every one of them listed

estharōtos“ate”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine1×

Mark 1:6“ate”kai ate tos Iōannos enduerētos thrixain kamēlau kai zōnan dermatinan peri tan osfuan autou, kai estharōtos akriain kai meliem agriem.John was clothed in camel’s hair, with a leather belt around his waist. His food was locusts and wild honey.